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Yulia Tolopa

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Yulia Tolopa (call sign "Valkyrie"), (Russian: Юлия Толопа, "Валькирия"; Ukrainian: Юлія Толопа, "Валькірія"; born 1995) is a Russian-born female volunteer who fought for Ukraine in the War in Donbas. Tolopa grew up as a Russian nationalist and Cossack, until 2014, when she went to Kyiv to see the 2014 Ukrainian revolution for herself. She joined the Ukrainian volunteer Aidar Battalion at the age of 18, fighting against some of her former friends. Her family and Russian media declared her a traitor, and the Russian government threatened her with imprisonment. After a year she left the military to give birth to a daughter, then returned to fighting, first with the Donbas Battalion, then with the 16th battalion of the 58th Independent Motorized Infantry Brigade of the Ukraine regular army. Ukrainian bureaucracy for years delayed giving her Ukrainian nationality and even made her fear deportation back to Russia, until she finally received Ukrainian nationality in 2021.

Early life[]

Yulia Tolopa was born in 1995 and raised in Podkumok, Stavropol Krai, a rural settlement near Pyatigorsk, in southern Russia just north of the Caucasus.[1] Her paternal grandfather and great grandfather were Ukrainian, from Zaporizhzhia.[2] She had three brothers; their father died in 2013.[3] She had a difficult family life,[4] and stopped living with her mother at the age of 14.[5] She spent her childhood around Russian nationalists, who taught her how to fight, both with guns and unarmed, in mixed martial arts and cage fighting, in the military sports club "Yermak".[4][1] She even joined the modern Don Cossack forces of "Ataman" Nikolai Kozitsyn [ru], that would later take an active role against Ukraine.[6] She was interested in sports and pottery.[5] At the age of 18, she became champion of the Russian Federation in hand to hand combat (Russian: штурмовому рукопашному бою).[7][3] She studied in Kislovodsk Medical College for two years, but never completed her medical education.[3][5]

Fighting for Ukraine[]

Her nationalist mentors had raised Tolopa to believe that Ukrainians and Belarusians were her Slavic brothers, and helped each other.[6] They even supported the EuroMaidan, but only until the 2014 Ukrainian revolution and the War in Donbas, when they turned against Ukraine.[7][4] So after defending her hand to hand combat title on March 29, on April 2 Tolopa took a train to Kyiv to help, or just see the Maidan for herself.[2] Once there, she befriended Ukrainians, and joined their side.[6][4] First she participated in the remaining EuroMaidan encampment, then when Russian troops entered Sloviansk she volunteered to fight them.[7][5]

Aidar Battalion[]

In June 2014 Tolopa joined the recently formed Aidar Battalion, and went to fight in the Donbas.[1][4][8] She was 18 years old.[4][2] Her military call sign was "Valkyrie",[6] which she first had in Russia; she is a pagan, and she was given this name in a temple of the Slavic Native Faith.[2] In June the Luhansk People's Militia were already distributing a poster of her photo, warning about her, a killer-sniper from Lipetsk.[1] She denies being a sniper, saying she served first as a rifleman, then, from July, as the commander of a captured infantry fighting vehicle, a BMP-2.[9][10][7] Until 2016, women were not formally allowed to serve in Ukrainian forces in combat positions;[11] Tolopa was listed as a radiotelephone operator.[12]

At least once she fought against the Don Cossack host that she had been part of, at Lutuhyne.[6] She says she fought on the side of Ukraine for an ideal, while the so-called Cossacks that used to be her friends, fought against Ukraine for money.[6][7]

Tolopa was wounded twice and suffered concussions seven times. She says one injury was light, but on July 12, 2014, she suffered a heavy concussion and three broken ribs, when the civilian car she was in hit a land mine. The driver and another passenger were killed immediately, while she was thrown clear. The last passenger died from his wounds in hospital.[3][5][2]

In August 2014, Oleh Liashko, leader of the Ukrainian Radical Party, visited the Aidar Battalion, appeared on television with Tolopa, called her a true patriot, and said he would request Ukrainian nationality for her.[13] This caused her harm when the video was aired on NTV Russian television, as part of a story about her.[1] The NTV story focused on how she grew up, and what caused her to betray her origin by fighting for another country.[1]

After the Russian media coverage, her mother and younger brother had to temporarily leave their home due to threats.[14] Her grandfather stopped speaking to her.[5] Her maternal uncle, who works for the Federal Security Service (FSB), threatened to come to Ukraine and bring her back to Russia naked.[4][6][3] The Russian authorities opened three criminal cases against her, for extremism, terrorism, and mercenaryism, with a total potential jail sentence of 36 years.[6][3] From 2015, Ukrainian media also began regular stories about her as a rare Russian woman fighting for Ukraine.[6][2]

Maternal leave[]

Tolopa fought for almost a year at the front, then left when she realized she was pregnant, serving until her sixth month of pregnancy. The father is Ukrainian, but they didn't marry or even keep in touch.[6][3] She has had many suggestions that she have a sham marriage with a Ukrainian to get nationality, but she refused to consider them as demeaning.[3] She gave birth to a daughter, Miroslava, in Kyiv in 2015.[12] Her mother only resumed speaking to her by phone after the birth; they avoid discussing politics.[2] Tolopa and Miroslava lived in a Kyiv apartment with a female friend nicknamed Belka (squirrel) that Tolopa had met at Maidan, a former fashion designer from Dnipropetrovsk who followed her to the War in Donbas, and left after receiving a traumatic brain injury.[11]

In June 2016, Tolopa appeared in a video promoting the third Kyiv Pride LGBT rights March for Equality, then walked in the march itself.[10][15] She was in a relationship with a woman at the time, but says she would have attended anyway.[11] In the summer of 2016, Tolopa was trained to fly drones by Maria Berlinska, a female Ukrainian volunteer (who also wrote the influential study that allowed women to serve in combat roles).[16][11] She subsequently volunteered for regular short trips to the Anti-Terrorist Operation Zone doing aerial reconnaissance.[7]

In December 2016, in a televised incident, Tolopa threw tomato juice on Liashko outside the Verkhovna Rada, accusing him of breaking his promise to help her get Ukrainian nationality.[17] Liashko called her heroic, but said that only the President could grant nationality, though he did request it for her, and said she was being used by her former Aidar commander, Serhiy Melnichuk [uk], now a political rival.[18][13] Melnichuk denied organizing the incident, but the leader of his parliamentary faction, Yaroslav Moskalenko, apologized to Liashko, and announced Melnichuk would be leaving the faction.[19]

Back to the front[]

By December 2016, Tolopa had signed a contract with the Armed Forces of Ukraine,[14] and by January 2017 she was serving as a drone operator in the "Donbas-Ukraine" battalion (reorganized from the former volunteer Donbas Battalion).[20] She says she didn't get along with the Donbas battalion commander, so served two months there, then spent another four or five months between contracts, before signing another contract with the 16th battalion of the 58th brigade.[12][2] When she went to the front, she would leave her daughter with a nanny, or alternate child care with a female military friend who lived through the annexation of the Crimea, and has two children.[12][3]

In 2018, she was featured in a photo project about women fighting for Ukraine by Czech photographer David Tesinsky that received international attention.[21][22][23][24][25] The same year she was also interviewed for a chapter telling her story in Girls cutting their locks, a book about women in the Russo-Ukrainian war published by the Ukrainian Institute of National Remembrance.[8][26]

Applying for Ukrainian nationality[]

Tolopa was repeatedly refused Ukrainian nationality (sometimes colloquially called citizenship)[notes 1] when she applied for it. Her Russian passport was destroyed when she was blown up by the mine in 2014, so she was unable to provide it as part of the required paperwork in 2015.[6][9] In March 2016, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko issued decree No. 120, which allowed foreigners who served in the Ukrainian armed forces under contract to apply for naturalization after a three-year residency. [28] However Tolopa was again refused naturalization in January 2017.[29]

In December 2017, Tolopa was denied nationality a third time, this time because she did not have a certificate of non-conviction (lack of criminal record) from Russia, which she would need to get in Russia or from the Russian consulate, where she was afraid to go for fear of detention on Russian sovereign territory.[30][31] She believed this denial meant she would be deported, and the Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group appealed on her behalf.[32][33] The State Migration Service publicly stated that she would not be deported, and could remain in Ukraine indefinitely as a person in need of additional protection.[34][35] On December 5, Tolopa was accompanied by friends, fellow soldiers, and members of parliament (Nadiya Savchenko, Ihor Lutsenko, Mustafa Nayyem, and Serhiy Melnichuk) to protect her from being detained as she went to the Russian consulate in Kyiv to request her certificate.[36][37]

In June 2019, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy named her among 14 foreigners granted nationality by presidential decree for fighting for Ukraine. The decree specified that those bestowed nationality would have to provide necessary documentation to meet requirements of the migration service, but granted them the right to a two-year temporary passport.[38][39][40] One of those requirements included that Tolopa formally renounce her Russian nationality. Russia would not allow her to renounce her Russian nationality, because she had criminal charges and a request for her extradition pending against her (for fighting for Ukraine).[41][42] Because the period for the two-year temporary passport had expired, an extension of the processing period was submitted to the Rada. They kept refusing to approve the extension through July and October 2021, which, in theory, could have lost Tolopa her conferred nationality.[43][44][40] Tolopa went to court in October 2021 and obtained a ruling that she could submit a declaration of renunciation to the migration service because obtaining the documents for renunciation posed a threat to her well-being. Though she turned in the required documentation, the migration department appealed the decision and lost their appeal.[40] Finally, in December 2021, Tolopa completed the nationality processes and received a Ukrainian passport.[45][4]

Personal life[]

By 2016, Tolopa was fluent in Ukrainian.[7] By 2017, she spoke "almost without Russianisms",[5] and said she felt herself Ukrainian more than Russian.[5] She taught herself Ukrainian from the poems of Sergei Zhadan and Kateryna Babkina.[2] She wrote poems about her own life, but never about the war.[5]

Tolopa earned multiple medals for fighting in Eastern Ukraine; the one she treasures most is called "Brother for brother", given to foreigners fighting for Ukraine.[3][4] She has 13 tattoos. The first, "Heroes don't die" (ГЕРОЇ НЕ ВМИРАЮТЬ),[16] she had put on her arm in the Maidan, in memory of the fallen. "All are equal" (כולם שווים) is on her hand in Hebrew, in support of the March for Equality for sexual minorities.[2] She shares those two with Belka.[11] Wings on her wrist are the sign of the Valkyrie.[2] She had a Ukrainian trident tattoed on her back after hearing of a prisoner who had his hand cut off by the Russians for having one there.[2]

In 2019, Tolopa quit the army, to spend more time with her daughter who otherwise barely saw her.[46][2] She remained in the Ukrainian military reserve.[45] In May 2019, after leaving the military, Tolopa was cheated of 8000 hryvnia while trying to rent a Kiev apartment.[47] In 2021, Tolopa was studying at the Law and International Relations faculty of the Open International University of Human Development "Ukraine", while her daughter went to first grade.[45] She isn't interested in returning to her medical education, she says she saw too much in 2014.[2] During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Tolopa initially planned to return to the military to defend her adopted country,[45] but then changed her mind, to care for her daughter, and sheltered with her in western Ukraine.[48]

Notes[]

  1. ↑ Even though colloquially the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, nationality is the international legal status of being a member of a state or country, while citizenship is the domestic legal relationship between a person and a state.[27]

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 ""Бесы попутали»: как россиянка оказалась в батальоне карателей «Айдар"" (in ru). НТВ / NTV (Russia). 5 October 2014. https://www.ntv.ru/novosti/1229540/. 
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 Радзиевская, Валерия (4 May 2019). ""Украинский изучила по стихам Жадана" - россиянка Валькирия 5 лет воюет за Украину" (in ru). Newspaper in Ukrainian. https://gazeta.ua/ru/articles/donbas/_ukrainskij-izuchila-po-stiham-zadana-rossiyanka-valkiriya-5-let-voyuet-za-ukrainu/900576. 
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 ГОРСЬКА, Дарія (12 December 2017). "Юлия Толопа: "Мой дядя-эфэсбэшник пообещал лично вернуть меня в Россию. Голой. Чтобы другим неповадно было"" (in ru). Fakty i Kommentarii. https://ukrainenews.fakty.ua/252358-moj-dyadya-efesbeshnik-poobecshal-lichno-vernut-menya-v-rossiyu-goloj-chtoby-drugim-nepovadno-bylo. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 Martinez, A; Kakissis, Joanna (8 February 2022). "Ukrainian women prepare to mobilize in case Russia invades" (in en). National Public Radio. https://www.npr.org/2022/02/08/1079112845/ukrainian-women-prepare-to-mobilize-in-case-russia-invades. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 Вовкодав, Юлия (25 November 2017). "Россиянка, воевавшая за Украину: "Я чувствую себя украинкой"". https://zn.ua/personalities/rossiyanka-voevavshaya-za-ukrainu-ya-chuvstvuyu-sebya-ukrainkoy-267287_.html.  Also available as "Россиянка Юлия Толопа, воевавшая за Украину: «Я чувствую себя украинкой...»" (in ru). 2017-11-28. http://argumentua.com/stati/rossiyanka-yuliya-tolopa-voevavshaya-za-ukrainu-ya-chuvstvuyu-sebya-ukrainkoi. 
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 Мазур, Евгения; Оганнисян, Мариам (6 October 2015). "Россиянка из "Айдара": В России меня лет на 36 посадить могут" (in ru). 24 Канал / Channel 24 (Ukraine). https://24tv.ua/rossiyanka_iz_aydara_v_rossii_menya_let_na_36_posadit_mogut_n618188. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Корба, Галина (26 August 2016). "Свой легион" (in ru). Новое Время / Novoe Vremia (Ukraine). https://nv.ua/magazine/journal/n31_26082016/svoj-legion-20006117.html.  Excerpt as "Российский доброволец Айдара Валькирия: Одного Путина поменять мало, людей не поменяешь" (in ru). nv.ua. 31 August 2016. https://nv.ua/ukraine/events/rossijskij-dobrovolets-ajdara-valkirija-odnogo-putina-pomenjat-malo-ljudej-ne-pomenjaesh-209268.html.  Translated to English as Walden, Anna (May 31, 2018). "Ukrainian "Foreign legion": foreign volunteers and their reasons to fight in Donbas on Ukrainian side". UaPosition. https://uaposition.com/latest-news/ukrainian-foreign-legion-foreign-volunteers-reasons-fight-donbas-ukrainian-side/. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Podobna, Yevgeniya (25 November 2020) (in en). Girls cutting their locks: A book of memories / the Russo-Ukrainian War. Український інститут національної пам’яті./ Ukrainian Institute of National Remembrance. ISBN 978-617-7420-77-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=Jk4MEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT278. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Тузов, Дмитро; Соколенко, Наталя (15 October 2015). "Ми знайшли російську БМП, і я стала командиром — росіянка з «Айдару»" (in uk). Громадське радіо / Hromadske radio. https://hromadske.radio/podcasts/hromadska-hvylya/my-znayshly-rosiysku-bmp-i-ya-stala-komandyrom-rosiyanka-z-aydaru. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Ролик на підтримку КиївПрайд2016: друга серія" (in uk). Kyiv Pride. June 7, 2016. https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=896571293786434. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Garmasch, Katja (22 August 2016). "Women soldiers in Ukraine". Eurozine. https://www.eurozine.com/women-soldiers-in-ukraine/. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 "Юлия Толопа: «Если ты один раз на войне побывал, то вернешься туда в любом случае»" (in ru). 11 September 2017. https://womo.ua/yuliya-tolopa/. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Liashko, Oleh (8 December 2016). "Бійця Айдару використали у брудній провокації проти мене" (in uk). Korrespondent. https://blogs.korrespondent.net/blog/politics/3784701/. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Багаліка, Анастасія; Кукін, Михайло (9 December 2016). "Получить украинское гражданство мне поможет армия, политикам я не верю, — россиянка Валькирия" (in uk). Hromadske Radio /Громадське радіо. https://hromadske.radio/podcasts/kyiv-donbas/poluchyt-ukraynskoe-grazhdanstvo-mne-pomozhet-armyya-polytykam-ya-ne-veryu-rossyyanka-valkyryya. 
  15. ↑ "В центрі Києва вперше пройшов Марш рівності" (in uk). Громадське телебачення / Hromadske television. 12 June 2016. https://hromadske.ua/posts/u-tsentri-kyieva-prokhodyt-marsh-rivnosti-nazhyvo. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Schulz, Daniel (23 October 2016). "Freiwilligeneinsatz im Ukraine-Konflikt: Maria Berlinska zieht in den Krieg" (in de). Die Tageszeitung. https://taz.de/Freiwilligeneinsatz-im-Ukraine-Konflikt/!5345502/.  Translated to English as Schulz, Daniel (22 January 2018). "Voluntary service in the Ukraine conflict: Maria Berlinska goes off to war" (in en). Die Tageszeitung. https://taz.de/Voluntary-service-in-the-Ukraine-conflict/!5470677. 
  17. ↑ Fedorenko, Kostiantyn; Umland, Andreas (10 August 2021). "Between Frontline and Parliament: Ukrainian Political Parties and Irregular Armed Groups in 2014–2019" (in en). Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–25. Digital object identifier:10.1017/nps.2021.20. ISSN 0090-5992. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/nationalities-papers/article/between-frontline-and-parliament-ukrainian-political-parties-and-irregular-armed-groups-in-20142019/90BAFE7AA179511DA2B58240D943D8C4. 
  18. ↑ "A Russian woman spilled tomato juice over leader of radical party Lyashko". 112 Ukraine. 8 December 2016. https://112.international/society/a-russian-woman-spilled-tomato-juice-over-leader-of-radical-party-lyashko-11866.html. 
  19. ↑ "Нардеп Мельничук об инциденте с Ляшко: Извиняться перед очень плохими людьми не хочу" (in ru). Dmitry Gordon. 8 December 2016. https://gordonua.com/news/politics/nardep-melnichuk-ob-incidente-s-lyashko-izvinyatsya-pered-ochen-plohimi-lyudmi-ne-hochu-163055.html. 
  20. ↑ Кутєпов, Богдан (12 January 2017). "ДРУЖИНА: 5 випадкових історій жінок в армії" (in uk). Hromadske. https://hromadske.ua/posts/druzhina-zhinki-v-armii. 
  21. ↑ Сурепін, Сергій (3 September 2018). "Чеський фотожурналіст показав жінок на війні в Україні" (in uk). https://zaborona.com/cheskyj-fotozhurnalist-pokazav-zhinok-na-vijni-v-ukraini/. 
  22. ↑ "Sokkoló képek az ukrán frontvonalról: katonanők, akik készek gyilkolni, akár a saját honfitársaikat is – fotók" (in hu). Blikk. 16 May 2019. https://www.blikk.hu/galeria/ukrajna-noi-katonak-a-frontvonalon/924h91q. 
  23. ↑ Dobroshynskyi, Myroslav (June 4, 2019). "PARTICIPATION OF UKRAINIAN WOMEN IN MILITARY SERVICE GROWS". https://usukraine.org/news/articles/participation-of-ukrainian-women-in-military-service-grows/NTcxMTU=/. 
  24. ↑ "FOTO: Vojna sa neskončila. Fotil som ženy z Ruska a Gruzínska, ktoré bojujú na strane Ukrajiny" (in sk-SK). https://www.interez.sk/blog/foto-vojna-sa-neskoncila-fotil-som-zeny-z-ruska-a-gruzinska-ktore-bojuju-na-strane-ukrajiny/. 
  25. ↑ "Безстрашні жінки Донбасу" (in uk). BBC News Україна. 16 May 2019. https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/press-review-48292541. 
  26. ↑ Середа, Софія (11 December 2018). "«Дівчата зрізають коси»: 25 історій про жінок-захисниць – фотогалерея" (in uk). Радіо Свобода / Radio Liberty. https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/photo-25-istoriy-pro-zhinok-zakhysnyts/29648410.html?fbclid=IwAR10kIbaEdy3AdhWxoliGz7RVRDMzUccnBWIAMlfA-Merejasl_FO6Arjvo. 
  27. ↑ S.W.L. (July 10, 2017). "What is the difference between nationality and citizenship?". https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2017/07/09/what-is-the-difference-between-nationality-and-citizenship. 
  28. ↑ "Порошенко одобрил гражданство иностранным военным" (in ru). Korrespondent. 29 March 2016. https://korrespondent.net/ukraine/3659678-poroshenko-odobryl-hrazhdanstvo-ynostrannym-voennym. 
  29. ↑ "Россиянке из батальона Донбасс отказали в гражданстве Украины" (in ru). Korrespondent. 13 January 2017. https://korrespondent.net/ukraine/3800154-rossyianke-yz-batalona-donbass-otkazaly-v-hrazhdanstve-ukrayny. 
  30. ↑ "Чому росіянка Юлія Толопа, яка з 2014 року воює за Україну, не може отримати українське громадянство?" (in uk). Hromadske Radio / Громадське радіо. 4 December 2017. https://hromadske.radio/podcasts/hromadska-hvylya/chomu-rosiyanka-yuliya-tolopa-yaka-z-2014-roku-voyuye-za-ukrayinu-ne-mozhe-otrymaty-ukrayinske-gromadyanstvo. 
  31. ↑ "Ukrainian authorities decided to deport to Russia military volunteer who fought on the side of Ukraine in the Donbas". December 5, 2017. https://uawire.org/ukrainian-authorities-decide-to-deport-russian-military-volunteer-who-fought-on-the-side-of-ukraine-in-the-donbas. 
  32. ↑ Соломка, Оксана (4 December 2017). "Миграционная служба решила выслать женщину-добровольца Айдара в РФ" (in ru). Новое Время / Novoe Vremia (Ukraine). https://nv.ua/ukraine/events/migratsionnaja-sluzhba-reshila-vyslat-zhenshchinu-dobrovoltsa-ajdara-v-rf-2317803.html. 
  33. ↑ Coynash, Halya (5 December 2017). "Russian who defended Ukraine in Donbas driven out to face imprisonment in Russia". https://khpg.org/en/1512422913. 
  34. ↑ "#ДМС: Юлія Толопа має законні підстави для перебування в Україні" (in en). МВС України - State Migration Service. December 5, 2017. https://www.facebook.com/mvs.gov.ua/photos/a.228149330605099.55632.182447351841964/1566357940117558/. 
  35. ↑ Соломка, Оксана (5 December 2017). "Миграционная служба опровергла информацию о выдворении в РФ участницы АТО" (in ru). nv.ua. https://nv.ua/ukraine/events/migratsionnaja-sluzhba-oprovergla-informatsiju-o-vydvorenii-v-rf-uchastniki-ato-2322921.html. 
  36. ↑ "Депутаты придут в консульство РФ поддержать бойца "Айдара", добивающуюся получения украинского гражданства" (in ru). Fakty i Kommentarii. 5 December 2017. https://ukrainenews.fakty.ua/251914-deputaty-pridut-v-konsulstvo-rf-podderzhat-bojca-ajdara-dobivayucshuyusya-ukrainskogo-grazhdanstva. 
  37. ↑ Тохмахчі, Анна (5 December 2017). "Військову АТО Толопу охороняли біля консульства РФ, щоб її не затримали" (in uk). Hromadske Television. https://hromadske.ua/posts/viiskovu-ato-topolu-okhoronialy-v-konsulstvi-rf-shchob-ii-ne-zatrymaly. 
  38. ↑ "Зеленський надав громадянство іноземцям, які воювали за Україну" (in uk). Hromadske Radio / Громадське радіо. 28 June 2019. https://hromadske.radio/news/2019/06/28/zelenskyy-nadav-gromadyanstvo-inozemcyam-yaki-voyuvaly-za-ukrayinu. 
  39. ↑ "Zelenskiy Grants Citizenship to 14 Foreigners Who Defended Ukraine's Territory" (in en). Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty. June 28, 2019. https://www.rferl.org/a/zelenskiy-grants-citizenship-to-14-foreigners-who-defended-ukraine-s-territory/30026247.html. 
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 Чорнієвич, Мар’яна (8 October 2021). "«5 років боротьби за громадянство»: ветеранка Юлія Толопа досі не отримала паспорт України" (in uk). Hromadske Radio / Громадське радіо. https://hromadske.radio/publications/942809. 
  41. ↑ "Нам дали не постійне українське громадянство, а тимчасове — доброволиця з РФ" (in uk). Hromadske Radio / Громадське радіо. 15 October 2019. https://hromadske.radio/news/2019/10/15/nam-daly-ne-postiyne-ukrayinske-gromadyanstvo-a-tymchasove-dobrovolycya-z-rf. 
  42. ↑ Купновицкая, Ульяна (14 August 2020). "Чужие среди своих. Что мешает иностранцам — ветеранам АТО получить украинское гражданство" (in ru). ФОКУС / Focus. https://focus.ua/ukraine/461027-ukrainskoje-grazhdanstvo-veterany-ato-inostrantsi. 
  43. ↑ Захарова, Алена (16 July 2021). "Депутаты не успели проголосовать: военная "Валькирия" может потерять гражданство Украины" (in ru). 24 Канал / Channel 24 (Ukraine). https://24tv.ua/ru/voennaja-valkirija-mozhet-poterjat-grazhdanstvo-ukrainy-prichina_n1687929. 
  44. ↑ "Чому іноземці, які воювали в АТО, не можуть отримати громадянство після указу Зеленського?" (in uk). Hromadske Radio / Громадське радіо. 15 October 2019. https://hromadske.radio/publications/shcho-take-viyna-do-peremogy-dlya-starshogo-soldata-tolopy. 
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 45.3 Шилин, Максим (1 February 2022). "Здравствуй, новая родина. Что побуждает россиян воевать за Украину" (in ru). Belsat TV. https://vot-tak.tv/novosti/01-02-2022-rossiyane-voyuyut-za-ukrainu/. 
  46. ↑ "Woman on the Front Line: Yulia Tolopa". UATV Ukrinform. 16 October 2019. https://uatv.ua/en/woman-front-line-yulia-tolopa/. 
  47. ↑ "Хотела снять квартиру: ветеран АТО рассказала, как стала жертвой обмана в Киеве" (in ru). Fakty i Kommentarii. 14 May 2019. https://society.fakty.ua/305230-hotela-snyat-kvartiru-veteran-ato-rasskazala-kak-stala-zhertvoj-obmana-v-kieve. 
  48. ↑ Kakissis, Joanna (February 25, 2022). "Reservist in Ukraine, with a surprising past, had to decide whether to stay and fight" (in en). National Public Radio. https://www.npr.org/2022/02/25/1083003315/reservist-in-ukraine-with-a-surprising-past-must-decide-whether-to-stay-fight. 

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