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Yevgeny Prigozhin

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Yevgeny Prigozhin
Prigozhin at Concord Catering in 2010
Prigozhin at Concord Catering in 2010
Native name
Евгений Пригожин
Personal details
Born 1 June 1961(1961-06-01) (age 64)
Leningrad, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Union
Nationality Soviet Union (1961–1991)
Russia (1991–present)
Occupation Businessman

Yevgeny Viktorovich Prigozhin[lower-alpha 1] (Russian: Евге́ний Ви́кторович Приго́жин; born 1 June 1961) is a Russian oligarch,[5] with close ties to Russian president Vladimir Putin.[6] Prigozhin was called "Putin’s chef" in an Associated Press article because of Prigozhin's restaurants and catering businesses that hosted dinners which Putin attended with foreign dignitaries.[7] Prigozhin controls "a network of companies", including three accused of interference in the 2016 United States elections.[8] Prigozhin is also accused of attempting to influence the 2018 U.S. midterm elections.[9] Prigozhin, his companies and associates face economic sanctions and criminal charges in the United States.[9]

According to an investigation by Bellingcat, The Insider and Der Spiegel Prigozhin's operations "are tightly integrated with Russia’s Defence Ministry and its intelligence arm, the GRU".[10]

Early life[]

Prigozhin was born in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) June 1, 1961,[11] to Violetta Prigozhina (Russian: Виолетта Пригожина).[1][12][13] He graduated from an athletics boarding school in 1977 and was engaged in cross-country skiing.[1] His father and stepfather were of Russian-Jewish descent, while his mother is of ethnic Russian descent.[14]

In November 1979, Prigozhin was given a suspended sentence for stealing (in Leningrad). In 1981, he was sentenced to twelve years imprisonment under articles of robbery, fraud, and involving teenagers in crime.[15]

In a turning point in his life, Prigozhin ultimately spent nine years in prison before he was released.[16]

Casino, restaurant and catering career[]

Vladimir Putin tours Yevgeny Prigozhin's Concord food catering factory 01

Touring the Concord Catering factory in 2010. Left to right: Presidential envoy to the Northwestern Federal District Ilya Klebanov, Chief Sanitary Inspector Gennady Onishchenko, Leningrad Region Governor Valery Serdyukov, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, Concord factory director Yevgeny Prigozhin

In 1990, after his release, he and his stepfather set up a network to sell hot dogs.[1] Soon, according to a New York Times interview with him, "the rubles were piling up faster than his mother could count them."[17] He also became a 15% stakeholder and manager of a "Contrast," started by Boris Spektor, a classmate from his boarding school, which was the first grocery store chain in Saint Petersburg. Also, Prigozhine as CEO and Spektor and Igor Gorbenko founded the first casinos in St Petersburg under Spectrum CJSC ([ЗАО «Спектр»] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)).[18][19][lower-alpha 2] They founded Viking CJSC (Russian: ЗАО «Викинг»), too.[18] In 1995, when revenues began to fall, Prigozhin persuaded a director at Contrast, Kiril Ziminov, to open a restaurant with him. The two men opened the "Old Customs House" ([Старая Таможня] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) in Saint Petersburg. In 1997, inspired by waterfront restaurants on the Seine in Paris, Prigozhin and Ziminov spent $400,000 remodeling a rusting boat on the Vyatka River and started the floating restaurant called New Island, which became one of the most fashionable dining spots in Saint Petersburg.[1][17] He said his patrons "wanted to see something new in their lives and were tired of just eating cutlets with vodka." In 2001, Prigozhin personally served food to Vladimir Putin and French president Jacques Chirac when they dined at "New Island". He also hosted US President George W. Bush in 2002. In 2003, Putin celebrated his birthday at New Island.[17] By 2003, Prigozhin had left his business partners, established his own independent restaurants, and had become a confidante of Putin, apparently free to engage in illicit activities without fear of prosecution.[30]

His company, Concord Catering, received hundreds of millions in government contracts for feeding school children and government workers.[30] In 2012, he received a contract to supply meals to the Russian military worth US$1.2 billion over one year. Some of the profits from this contract are alleged to have been used to start and fund the Internet Research Agency.[31]

In 2012 he moved his family into a Saint Petersburg compound with a basketball court and a helicopter pad. He has a private jet and a 115-foot yacht.[30]

The Anti-Corruption Foundation accused Prigozhin of corrupt business practices. They estimated his illegal wealth to be worth more than one billion rubles.[32] Alexei Navalny has alleged that Prigozhin was linked to a company called Moskovsky Shkolnik (Moscow schoolboy) that had supplied poor quality food to Moscow schools which had caused a dysentery outbreak.[33][34]

According to Novaya Gazeta in October 2018, Evgeny Arkadievich Gulyaev is the head of the security service for Prigozhin.[35]

On 11 December 2019, which is "Heroes Day" or "Heroes of the Fatherland Day", Msk LLC ([ООО "Мск"] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) which has the same phone number as Concord Catering, was paid 4.1 million rubles for a Kremlin banquet.[36] In 2018, Msk LLC was paid only 2.5 million rubles from the Presidential Administration for the same banquet at the Kremlin.[36]

Wagner Group[]

Main article: Wagner Group

Prigozhin has been linked to a mercenary group known as the Wagner Group which has been involved in various actions as a private military contractor. In February 2018, Wagner attacked US-backed Kurdish forces in Syria in an attempt to take an oil field. Wagner and their allies suffered dozens of casualties when the US responded with airpower.[37]

The Washington Post reported Prigozhin was in close contact with Russian and Syrian military officials before the February 7 action.[38] The connections between Prigozhin and Wagner have been the subject of press coverage in Russia and the United States. Wagner is led by Dmitry Utkin, who was once head of security for Prigozhin. A person by the name of Dmitry Utkin was also listed as director general of Prigozhin's Concord Management. Since 2011, Prigozhin's mother Violetta Prigozhina has been the owner of Concord.[12] Concord and Prigozhin denied any connection to Wagner,[5] however in November 2016 the company confirmed to Russian media that the same Dmitry Utkin leading the Wagner Group was now in charge of Prigozhin's food businesses.[39] Wagner has also been reported to be fighting in eastern Ukraine with pro-Russia forces.[39]

In July 2018, three Russian journalists working for a news organization often critical of the Russian government were murdered in the Central African Republic, where they had been attempting to investigate the activities of the Wagner Group in that country. The Russian government had begun a collaboration with the president of the Central African Republic in October 2017. In its response to the killings, Russia's foreign ministry stressed that the dead journalists had been traveling without official accreditation.[40]

Internet Research Agency[]

File:Internet Research Agency, U.S. indictment.pdf

Main article: Internet Research Agency

Prigozhin is alleged to have financed and directed[41] a network of companies including a company called the Internet Research Agency Ltd. (Russian: ООО «Агентство интернет-исследований»),[42] Concord Management and Consulting Company and one other related company.[5] The three companies are accused of Internet trolling and attempting to influence the 2016 US presidential elections and other activity to influence political events outside Russia.

Russian journalist Andrey Soshnikov reported that Alexey Soskovets, who had participated in Russian youth political community, was directly connected to the offices of Internet Research in Olgino. His company, North-Western Service Agency, won 17 or 18 (according to different sources) contracts for organizing celebrations, forums and sport competitions for authorities of Saint Petersburg. The agency was the only participant in half of those bids. In the summer of 2013 the agency won a tender for providing freight services for participants of Seliger camp.[43]

Spin offs[]

Campaigns against opposition in 2013 involved Dmitry Bykov and the then head of RIA Novosti, Svetlana Mironyuk, while a homepage claiming to fight fake news (Gazeta O Gazetah) was used to spread fake news.[44]

International sanctions[]

Main article: International sanctions during the Ukrainian crisis

In December 2016, the US Treasury Department designated Prigozhin pursuant to E.O.13661 for sanctions for providing support to senior officials of the Russian Federation.[45][46][47]

In June 2017, US sanctions were imposed on one of Prigozhin's companies, Concord Management and Consulting, in connection with the war in Eastern Ukraine.[39][48][49]

In January 2018, the US Treasury Department also designated Evro Polis Ltd for sanctions. Evro Polis is a Russian company that has contracted with the Government of Syria to protect Syrian oil fields in exchange for a 25 percent share in oil and gas production from the fields. The company was designated for being owned or controlled by Prigozhin. The sanctions require that any property or interests in property of the designated persons in the possession or control of US persons or within the United States must be blocked. Additionally, transactions by US persons involving these persons (including companies) are generally prohibited.[50][51]

In September 2019, three more Prigozhin companies (Autolex Transport, Beratex Group and Linburg Industries) were sanctioned in connection with the Russian interference in the 2016 United States election.[52][lower-alpha 3]

In February 2022, the Internet Research Agency was added to the European Union sanctions list for running disinformation campaigns to manipulate public opinion and "actively supporting actions which undermine and threaten the territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence of Ukraine."[56]

US criminal charges[]

Main article: Special Counsel investigation (2017–2019)
Wikisource has original text related to this article:

On 16 February 2018, Prigozhin, the Internet Research Agency, Concord Management, another related company, and other connected Russian individuals were indicted by a US grand jury. He was charged with funding and organizing operations for the purpose of interference with the U.S. political and electoral processes, including the 2016 presidential election, and other crimes including identity theft.[57]

In February 2021, Prigozhin was added to the wanted list of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).[58][59]

In February 2022, the United States imposed visa restrictions and froze assets of Prigozhin, his wife, son, and daughter, due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[60][61]

Africa interests[]

During 2018 through both 100 to 200 political consultants and Prigozhin's mercenaries in his Wagner Group, Prigozhin established numerous interests in Africa especially in Madagascar and Central Africa Republic (CAR) along with other countries: Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola, Senegal, Rwanda, Sudan, Libya, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Mozambique, Nigeria, Chad, South Sudan, and South Africa.[62][63][64][65][66][67][68] Pyotr Bychkov (Russian: Петр Александрович Бычков) is responsible for coordinating the "Africa expansion".[69][70][lower-alpha 4] According to a 20 April 2018 Kommersant article, Yaroslov Ignatovsky (Russian: Ярослав Ринатович Игнатовский; born 1983, Leningrad) heads Politgen (Russian: "Политген") and is a political strategist that has coordinated the trolls' efforts for Prigozhin in Africa.[72][73][74][75]

Central African Republic[]

In the Central African Republic (CAR) southwest prefecture of Lobaye and west of Bangui, the Prigozhin associated company Lobaye Invest has been engaged in the mining of diamonds, gold,[lower-alpha 5] and other minerals starting in early 2018.[77][78][lower-alpha 6] After traveling to Russia in the fall of 2017 to meet with Sergey Lavrov in Sochi and in June 2018 to meet with Vladimir Putin in Saint Petersburg, Faustin-Archange Touadera, the President of the Central African Republic, under advice from his national security advisor Valery Zakharov (Russian: Валерий Захаров)[lower-alpha 7] increased the Russian presence in CAR by allowing 5 Russian military advisors and 170 Russian contractors to work starting in January 2018 near Bobangui at Berengo, which is the former palace of Jean-Bédel Bokassa and is 60 kilometres southwest of Bangui.[78][82][83][84][lower-alpha 8] Since December 2017, the Kimberley Process allowed diamonds to be mined in the southwest of CAR.[85] Under managing director Evgeny Khodotov (Russian: Евгений Ходотов)[lower-alpha 9] who is associated with security for Touadera through the firm Sewa Security Service, Lobaye Invest was founded through M-Invest by Dmitry Syty (Russian: Дмитрий Сытый) and is a subsidiary of M-Finance which were founded by Prigozhin.[68][78][81][86] On the night of 31 July 2018, three Russian journalists, Alexander Rastorguev (Russian: Александр Расторгуев), Orhan Dzhemal (Russian: Орхан Джемаль), and Kirill Radchenko (Russian: Кирилл Радченко), who were sent by the Mikhail Khodorkovsky-sponsored Investigation Management Center (SDG) (Russian: Центр управления расследованиями (ЦУР)), were killed north of Sibut while they were investigating the operations of Lobaye Invest and Russians interests in the east of CAR at the Ndassima gold field[lower-alpha 10] for an upcoming film.[40][68][80][81][lower-alpha 11] On 15 April 2019, Putin sent 30 Russian troops as part of a UN mission in CAR to support Lobaye Invest interests.[79] Beginning 18 December 2020, several hundred Russians with heavy weapons supported an offensive on Bangui which included contingents of troops from Rwanda.[89][90] On 27 May 2021, three Russians were killed when a roadside bomb exploded.[91] From 2012 until May 2021 according to DW, an estimated 800 to 2,000 Russian mercenaries have fought in CAR.[91]

Financial support for Maria Butina in 2019[]

During May 2019, Maria Butina appealed for help in paying her lawyer fees.[92] In February 2019 Valery Butin (Russian: Валерий Бутин), Masha's father, told Izvestia that she owed her U.S. attorneys 40 million rubles ($US659,000).[93][94] Through Prigozhin's Fund for the Protection of National Values (Russian: Фонд защиты национальных ценностей) which is managed by Petr Bychkov, 5 million rubles were donated to Maria Butina's defence lawyer costs.[69] She had not been receiving any funds for her defence lawyers fees from Igor Levitin through Konstantin Nikolaev.[95]

Financial support for Saif Gaddafi[]

In March 2020, it was revealed that Prigozhin had financially assisted Saif Qaddafi, son of the late overthrown Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, in a bid to win the Libyan Presidency in 2019.[96]

Personal life and family[]

Prigozhin is married to a pharmacist Lyubov Valentinovna Prigozhina.[97] She owns a network of boutique stores known as the Chocolate Museum ([«Музей шоколада»] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) in Saint Petersburg. In 2012, she started her first "luxury dayspa", the Crystal Spa & Lounge which won a third place award in 2013 for the Perfect Urban Day Spa.[97][98] Her Crystal Spa & Lounge, located along Zhukovsky Street in Saint Petersburg, received design support from Valery Uvarov.[99] She owns a wellness center in the Leningrad region and a boutique hotel called the Crystal Spa & Residence which won the Perfect Spa Project award in 2013.[97][98] She owns the New Technologies SPA LLC (Russian: ООО «Новые технологии СПА») which is located at plot 1, Granichnaya street in Lakhta Park, Sestroretsk, Kurortny District, Saint Petersburg,[lower-alpha 12][101][102] Also, she is the legal owner of Agat ([Агат] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)).[103] In 2022, Prigozhina was sanctioned by the European Union in connection with her husband's activities to undermine the territorial integrity of Ukraine.[56]

They have a daughter Polina.[54]

His mother, Violetta Prigozhina, who is a former teacher and doctor, is the legal owner of Concord Management and Consulting LLC ([ООО "Конкорд менеджмент и консалтинг"] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) since 2011, Etalon LLC ([ООО "Эталон"] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) since 2010, and Credo LLC ([ООО "Кредо"] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) since 2011.[104] The Prigozhin's "Bay of Islands" project ([Залив островов] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) near Lakhta is being developed by Singer-Development LLC ([ООО "Зингер-Девелопмент"] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)), which as of January 2018 has the same phone number as Violetta Prigozhina's Etalon LLC.[104] In 2022, Prigozhina was sanctioned by the European Union in connection with her son's activities to undermine the territorial integrity of Ukraine.

Notes[]

  1. ↑ Alternatively: Yevgeniy Vicktorovich Prigozhin
  2. ↑ Beginning in 1991, Vladimir Putin was St Petersburg's chairman of the supervisory board for casinos and gambling ([Председатель наблюдательного совета по казино и азартным играм] Error: Template:Lang-xx: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) and, in 1993, began issuing gambling licenses in which shares were gained by the city of St Petersburg in the company Neva Chance ([Нева-Шанс] Error: Template:Lang-xx: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) which owned the first St Petersburg casino AOZT Casino ([АОЗТ «Казино»] Error: Template:Lang-xx: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) because it had the same address and phone numbers as city hall, but later it became JV Casino Neva (Russian: СП «Казино Нева») and opened on 19 August 1991.[18][20][21][22][23] In 1992 or 1993 it changed its name to Laguna, then in 1997 to Admiral Club or more simply known as Admiral.[22] According to the Yakuza Kinichi Kamiyasu[24] who supplied slot machines with cash prizes to St Petersburg casinos in the 1990s from his Stockholm, Sweden, company Dyna Computer Service AB which was a subsidiary of the Masimichi Iida (the brother of Chef Kinichi from Osaka, Iida Misamichi) owned Osaka firm, Dyna Company Ltd.,[25] the criminals Gennady Petrov (Russian: Геннадий Петров),[26] Alexander Malyshev (Russian: Александр Малышев),[27] and Sergey Kuzmin (Russian: Сергей Кузьмин) operated the casino through a Vladimir Putin issued license in order to establish JV Petrodin ([СП «Петродин»] Error: Template:Lang-xx: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)) in 1991.[22] JV Petrodin, which Kamiyasu owned a 35% stake and Gennady Petrov and Sergey Kuzmin owned a 65% stake through their company BXM ([«БХМ»] Error: Template:Lang-xx: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help)), used the money from the casinos to provide capital for Bank Rossiya.[22][23][28][29]
  3. ↑ As of 15 August 2019, the director of LinBurg Industries is a Latvian Ivo Jutis (Russian: Иво Жутис)[53][54] Two of Prigozhin planes are a Raytheon Hawker 800XP with tail numbers M-VITO, which is owned since 2012 by a Seychelles shell company Beratex Group Limited, and VP-CSP, which registered with the Cayman Islands Civil Aviation Authority and owned since 2017 by a Seychelles shell company called LinBurg Industries.[53][54][55]
  4. ↑ In March 2014, political consultants in Russia formed the Russian Association of Political Contants RAPK (Russian: Российская Ассоциация Политических Консультантов РАПК) which is the first professional association of independent experts in political technology and consulting. It was formed to counter political election fraud and disimformation which occurred during Maidan.[71]
  5. ↑ Purportedly at the Ndassima field in eastern CAR, too.[76]
  6. ↑ Lobaye Invest has several areas for development during a period of three years: Java (385 square km) for gold and possibly diamonds by decree on 2 June 2018 located about 100 km west of Bangui and is not under government control, Pama (3,712 square km) for diamonds, gold, and other elements by resolution on 25 July 2018 located about 12 km west of Bangui and is under the control of Russian contractors, a site (1 square km) for development by decree on 11 March 2019 located at Boda, and four sites (four 1 square km each) for diamonds and gold by decree 4 April 2018 published March 2019 located in the cities and districts of Bangasu, Ouadda, Bria and Sam Wanja.[78][79]
  7. ↑ During the 1990s, Valery Zakharov worked in the external surveillance unit of the Central Internal Affairs Directorate for St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region (Russian: ГУВД по Петербургу и Ленобласти) and then in the early 2000s he worked for the North-West Customs Department in a similar posting.[80] He provided extensive consulting to Prigozhin and his companies.[80][81]
  8. ↑ Three Russian journalists, Alexander Rastorguev (Russian: Александр Расторгуев), Orhan Dzhemal (Russian: Орхан Джемаль), and Kirill Radchenko (Russian: Кирилл Радченко), were at Borengo, formerly Bokassa's Palace, on the eve of their own murders. This palace is the base for Wagner associated activities.[78][83]
  9. ↑ Evgeny Khodotov worked in the St. Petersburg RUBOP (Russian: Петербургский РУБОП) before 2008 and worked for the main department of the Russian Ministry of the Interior in the Northwestern Federal District (Russian: Главное управление МВД России по Северо-Западному федеральному округу).[78]
  10. ↑ The Ndassima gold mine is in Ouaka north of Bambari.
  11. ↑ The Dossier Center (Russian: «Досье») concluded that professionals planned and conducted the murders of Rastorguev, Dzhemal, and Radchenko.[87][88]
  12. ↑ This plot was formerly owned by Concord but was granted to Lyubov Prigozhina by the city of Saint Petersburg.[100]

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Zhegulev, Ilya (2016-06-13). "Evgeny Prigozhin's right to be forgotten: What does Vladimir Putin's favorite chef want to hide from the Internet?" (in en). Meduza. Moscow. https://meduza.io/en/feature/2016/06/13/evgeny-prigozhin-s-right-to-be-forgotten. 
  2. ↑ Myre, Greg (2019-01-30). "'Putin's Chef' Has His Fingers In Many Pies, Critics Say". https://www.npr.org/2019/01/30/685622639/putins-chef-has-his-fingers-in-many-pies-critics-say. 
  3. ↑ Maglov, Mikhail; Olevsky, Timur; Treshchanin, Dmitry (2019-02-27). "Investigation Charts Massive Haul For State Deals By Companies Linked To 'Putin's Chef'". https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-prigozhin-current-time-investigation-companies-state-deals/29794524.html. 
  4. ↑ Eltagouri, Marwa (2018-02-17). "The rise of 'Putin's chef,' the Russian oligarch accused of manipulating the U.S. election". ISSN 0190-8286. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2018/02/16/the-rise-of-putins-chef-yevgeniy-prigozhin-the-russian-accused-of-manipulating-the-u-s-election/. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "The oil field carnage that Moscow doesn't want to talk about". https://edition.cnn.com/2018/02/18/middleeast/us-airstrike-killed-dozens-of-russians-in-syria-intl/index.html. 
  6. ↑ "Navalny asks FSB to investigate Putin's cook". Crime Russia. https://en.crimerussia.com/gromkie-dela/navalny-asks-fsb-to-investigate-putin-s-cook/. 
  7. ↑ "Thousands of Russian private contractors fighting in Syria". AP News. https://apnews.com/7f9e63cb14a54dfa9148b6430d89e873. 
  8. ↑ Любовь (Love), Соболь (Sable); Золотухин (Zolotukhin), Валерий (Valery) (4 October 2016). "Евгений Викторович Пригожин" (in ru). https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B24DjQ62ulmsdU5nNngxVW9ZbEk/view. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 William Echols (October 4, 2019). "New Sanctions Against 'Putin's Chef' Prompt Latest Russian Election Meddling Denial". https://www.polygraph.info/a/sanctions-putins-chef-election-fact-check/30197184.html. 
  10. ↑ Bellingcat Investigation Team (2020-08-14). "Putin Chef's Kisses of Death: Russia's Shadow Army's State-Run Structure Exposed". https://www.bellingcat.com/news/uk-and-europe/2020/08/14/pmc-structure-exposed/. 
  11. ↑ "Prigozhin" (in en). https://www.spisok-putina.org/en/personas/prigozhin-2/. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Korotkov, Denis (12 January 2016). "Imperija Prigozhina vzjala voennye gorodki" (in ru). http://www.fontanka.ru/2016/01/11/120/. 
  13. ↑ "И целого города мало. Пригожин хочет прирастить Петербург островами (фото)" (in ru). 2018-01-18. https://www.fontanka.ru/2018/01/17/127/. 
  14. ↑ "Кому верхи, а кому кореши. - Компромат.Ру / Compromat.Ru". http://www.compromat.ru/page_33163.htm. 
  15. ↑ "Prigozhin's criminal past, straight from the source A complete translation of one of the court documents from the case that sent 'Putin's chef' to prison, four decades ago" (in en). 2021-06-29. https://meduza.io/en/feature/2021/06/29/prigozhin-s-criminal-past-straight-from-the-source. 
  16. ↑ "Право на забвение Евгения Пригожина: Что хочет скрыть о себе ресторатор, обслуживавший президентов России — Meduza" (in ru-RU). Meduza. https://meduza.io/feature/2016/06/09/pravo-na-zabvenie-evgeniya-prigozhina. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 MacFarquhar, Neil (2018-02-16). "Meet Yevgeny Prigozhin, the Russian Oligarch Indicted in U.S. Election Interference" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/16/world/europe/prigozhin-russia-indictment-mueller.html. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 "Пригожин Евгений Викторович" (in ru). http://zampolit.com/dossier/prigozhin-evgeniy-viktorovich/. 
  19. ↑ Охотин, Николай (Okhotin, Nikolay) (10 October 2010). "Опригоживание Трезини" (in ru). https://neva.versia.ru/oprigozhivanie-trezini. 
  20. ↑ "Расследования. Кто такой Пригожин: Игорный бизнес, питерская дружба, ресторан в Доме правительства" (in ru). Novaya Gazeta. 1 September 2011. https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2011/09/01/45715-kto-takoy-prigozhin. 
  21. ↑ Петлянова, Нина (Petlyanova, Nina) (14 October 2011). "Рецепт успеха личного повара Путина. Почему ресторатору Евгению Пригожину разрешили кормить нас блюдами, которые не портятся 21 день*" (in ru). Novaya Gazeta. https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2011/10/14/46298-retsept-uspeha-lichnogo-povara-putina. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Иванидзе, Владимир (Ivanidze, Vladimir) (8 February 2012). "Сюжеты. Кому Нева дала шанс: Игорный бизнес в Санкт-Петербурге начинали российские ОПГ и японские якудза. Под контролем мэрии. Уникальное свидетельство непосредственного участника событий" (in ru). Novaya Gazeta. https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2012/02/08/48148-komu-neva-dala-shans. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Кириленко, Анастасия (Kirilenko, Anastasia) (21 April 2016). "Путин глазами якудзы. Японский мафиози рассказал о своем бизнесе в Петербурге" (in ru). The Insider. https://theins.ru/korrupciya/22764. 
  24. ↑ Артемов, Денис (Artyomov, Denis) (28 July 2016). "Почетные гости Александра Малышева – Якудза" (in ru). mzk1.ru. https://www.mzk1.ru/2016/07/pochetnye-gosti-aleksandra-malysheva-yakudza/. 
  25. ↑ "株式会社ダイナ" (in ja). Osaka. https://baseconnect.in/companies/7fd92668-9c9b-4276-9a05-ccc41dc2df00. 
  26. ↑ "Геннадий Петров Лидер малышевской ОПГ" (in ru). 13 March 2011. http://rusmafiozi.blogspot.com/2011/03/blog-post_2411.html. 
  27. ↑ "Александр Малышев Лидер малышевской ОПГ" (in ru). 13 March 2011. http://rusmafiozi.blogspot.com/2011/03/blog-post_8784.html. 
  28. ↑ Кириленко, Анастасия (Kirilenko, Anastasia) (2 July 2015). "Мафия на госзаказе. Как новые кремлевские олигархи связаны с преступным миром" (in ru). The Insider. https://theins.ru/korrupciya/10407. 
  29. ↑ "Крыша российской элиты" (in ru). Fontaka.ru. 23 June 2008. https://www.fontanka.ru/2008/06/20/122/. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 [1] Garrett M. Graff, "Inside the Mueller Agreement" Wired, February 20, 2018
  31. ↑ Коротков, Денис (Korotkov, Denis) (29 May 2014). "Сотни троллей за миллионы" (in ru). «Фонтанка.ру» (Fontaka). https://www.fontanka.ru/2014/05/29/170/. 
  32. ↑ "Он повар Путина. Он тролль Путина. Он миллиардер.". http://fbk.info/investigations/post/256/. 
  33. ↑ "Kremlin-Linked Businessman Prigozhin Vows to Ruin Navalny". The Moscow Times. 26 August 2020. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2020/08/26/kremlin-linked-businessman-prigozhin-vows-to-ruin-navalny-a71246. 
  34. ↑ "Parents sue tycoon's firm over dysentery outbreak in Moscow". Financial Post. 14 May 2019. https://financialpost.com/pmn/business-pmn/parents-sue-tycoons-firm-over-dysentery-outbreak-in-moscow. 
  35. ↑ Коротков, Денис (Korotkov, Denis) (21 October 2019). "Повар любит поострее: Почему с врагами и оппонентами Евгения Пригожина случаются несчастья. История нескольких провокаций" (in ru). Novaya Gazeta. https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2018/10/22/78289-povar-lyubit-poostree. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Повар Путина взвинтил цены на кремлевский банкет" (in ru). Rospres. 16 December 2019. https://www.rospres.com/showbiz/28933/. 
  37. ↑ "Syria war: Who are Russia's shadowy Wagner mercenaries?". BBC News. 23 February 2018. https://www.bbc.com/news/amp/world-europe-43167697. 
  38. ↑ Ilyushina, Nathan Hodge,Sebastian Shukla,Mary (23 February 2018). "Putin's 'chef' accused of trying to cover his tracks". https://www.cnn.com/2018/02/23/europe/putin-chef-yevgeny-prigozhin/index.html. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 "UAWire - Media: Wagner Group commander becomes CEO of Putin's friend's catering business". https://uawire.org/wagner-group-commander-becomes-ceo-of-putin-s-friend-s-catering-business. 
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 Higgins, Andrew; Nechepurenko, Ivan (7 August 2018). "In Africa, Mystery Murders Put Spotlight on Kremlin's Reach". The New York Times. New York. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/07/world/europe/central-african-republic-russia-murder-journalists-africa-mystery-murders-put-spotlight-on-kremlins-reach.html. 
  41. ↑ Hodge, Nathan; Shukla, Sebastian; Ilyushinavia, Mary (23 February 2018). "Putin's 'chef' accused of trying to cover his tracks". https://www.cnn.com/2018/02/23/europe/putin-chef-yevgeny-prigozhin/index.html. 
  42. ↑ Andrew Soshnikov (2014-05-30). "Интернет-тролли из Ольгино заговорили на английском и украинском" (in ru). Moy Rayon. http://www.mr7.ru/articles/102680/. 
  43. ↑ Andrew Soshnikov (2013-09-04). "Под Петербургом обнаружено логово троллей, которые клеймят Навального и хвалят русское кино" (in ru). Moy Rayon. http://www.mr7.ru/articles/90769/. 
  44. ↑ Cook with his cockroaches, Nowaja Gaseta, November 8th 2018
  45. ↑ President of The United States (19 March 2016). "Ukraine EO13661". Federal Register. https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/ukraine_eo2.pdf. 
  46. ↑ "Russia/Ukraine-related Designations and Identifications; Publication of Russia/Ukraine-related General License". treasury.gov. 20 December 2016. https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/OFAC-Enforcement/Pages/20161220.aspx. 
  47. ↑ "Treasury Sanctions Individuals and Entities In Connection with Russia's Occupation of Crimea and the Conflict in Ukraine". 20 December 2016. https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl0688.aspx. 
  48. ↑ "Russia/Ukraine-related Designations and Identifications". treasury.gov. 20 June 2017. https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/OFAC-Enforcement/Pages/20170620.aspx. 
  49. ↑ "Treasury Designates Individuals and Entities Involved in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine". 20 June 2017. https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/sm0114.aspx. 
  50. ↑ "Russia/Ukraine-related Designations and Identifications". treasury.gov. 26 January 2018. https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/OFAC-Enforcement/Pages/20180126.aspx. 
  51. ↑ "Treasury Sanctions Additional Individuals and Entities in Connection with the Conflict in Ukraine and Russia's Occupation of Crimea". 26 January 2018. https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm0266. 
  52. ↑ "U.S. Sanctions 2 Russians Connected to 'Kremlin Troll Factory'". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 30 September 2019. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2019/09/30/us-sanctions-2-russians-connected-to-kremlin-troll-factory-a67514. 
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 "Бомж-телохранитель Евгения Пригожина травит школьников" (in ru). «Руспрес» (Ruspres). 15 August 2019. https://www.rospres.com/hearsay/28051/. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 "Африкано-сирийская глиссада самолета Евгения Пригожина" (in ru). «Руспрес» (Ruspres). 5 February 2019. https://www.rospres.com/specserv/26552/. 
  55. ↑ Dolinina, Irina; Marohovskaya, Alesya; Korotkov, Denis; Šimák, Jakub (17 December 2019). "The Chef's Global Footprints" (in en). Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP). https://www.occrp.org/en/investigations/the-chefs-global-footprints. 
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "Council Decision (CFSP) 2022/265 of 23 February 2022 amending Decision 2014/145/CFSP concerning restrictive measures in respect of actions undermining or threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence of Ukraine" (in en). 2022-02-23. http://data.europa.eu/eli/dec/2022/265/oj/eng. 
  57. ↑ "Indictment document". https://www.justice.gov/file/1035477/download. 
  58. ↑ "FBI Adds 'Putin's Chef' to Wanted List, Offers $250K Reward". 2021-02-26. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2021/02/26/fbi-adds-putins-chef-to-wanted-list-offers-250k-reward-a73090. 
  59. ↑ "YEVGENIY VIKTOROVICH PRIGOZHIN". https://www.fbi.gov/wanted/counterintelligence/yevgeniy-viktorovich-prigozhin. 
  60. ↑ "U.S. Sanctions Usmanov, Prigozhin, Tokarev, Other Russian Elites". 3 March 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-03-03/u-s-readies-new-sanctions-on-russian-oligarchs-and-families. 
  61. ↑ "Treasury Sanctions Russians Bankrolling Putin and Russia-Backed Influence Actors" (in en). https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0628. 
  62. ↑ Meyer, Henry; Arkhipov, Ilya; Rahagalala, Aina (20 November 2018). "Putin's Notorious 'Chef' Is Now Meddling Across Africa: The man indicted in the U.S. for interfering in the 2016 election is spreading Russia's reach across the continent.". Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-11-20/putin-chef-yevgeny-prigozhin-is-now-meddling-in-africa. 
  63. ↑ "Шеф и повар. Часть первая. Расследование о том, как Евгений Пригожин возглавил российское наступление в Африке: С 2018 года Россия начала активную экспансию в Африке, помогая странам континента политически, финансово и открыто поддерживая их военной силой. В авангарде этой экспансии оказался "кремлевский повар" Евгений Пригожин, попавший под санкции США за попытку повлиять на выборы американского президента. Однако на продвижение интересов Кремля в Африке тратились не только пригожинские, но и бюджетные деньги. "Проект" рассказывает, как устроена эта кампания, — на примере Мадагаскара, где планы России и Пригожина оказались особенно масштабными, а провалы — красноречивыми." (in ru). Проект Медиа (Proekt). 13 March 2019. https://www.proekt.media/investigation/prigozhin-afrika/. 
  64. ↑ Чуракова, Ольга (Churakova, Olga) (20 March 2019). "В странах Африки работают до 200 политтехнологов, связанных с Пригожиным" (in ru). Дождь (Dozhd). https://tvrain.ru/news/v_stranah_afriki_rabotajut_do_200_polittehnologov_svjazannyh_s_prigozhinym-482346/. 
  65. ↑ "Уран, алмазы, золото и ваниль. Bloomberg раскрыл географию интересов "кремлевского повара" Пригожина в Африке: 10 стран!" (in ru). Novaya Gazeta. 20 November 2018. https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2018/11/20/78646-uran-almazy-zoloto-i-vanil. 
  66. ↑ Рождественский, Илья (Rozhdestvensky, Ilya); Рубин (Rubin, Mikhail), Михаил; Badanin, Roman (11 April 2019). "Шеф и повар. Часть третья. Расследование о том, как Россия вмешивается в выборы в двадцати странах: Документы из офиса работающих на Евгения Пригожина политтехнологов показывают стратегию российского вмешательства в африканскую политику — разжигать антизападные настроения и реанимировать старые территориальные споры. Но пока российской экспансии мешают три проблемы — непрофессионализм, коррупция и пьянство." (in ru). Проект Медиа (Proekt). https://www.proekt.media/investigation/prigozhin-polittekhnologi/. 
  67. ↑ ""Проект": связанные с Пригожиным политтехнологи работают в 20 африканских странах" (in ru). Novaya Gazeta. 11 April 2019. https://novayagazeta.ru/news/2019/04/11/150800-proekt-prigozhin-planiruet-sozdat-afrikanskuyu-imperiyu. 
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 68.2 "Человек Пригожина начал разведку алмазов в районе убийства российских журналистов: Тем временем его жена общается с египетскими богами, очищает ауру и консультируется у уфологов" (in ru). «Руспрес» (Ruspres). 24 April 2019. https://www.rospres.com/specserv/27236/. 
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 "Фонд, который СМИ связывают с политтехнологом Пригожина, перечислил Бутиной 5 млн рублей" (in ru). Znak. 29 May 2019. https://www.znak.com/2019-05-29/fond_kotoryy_smi_svyazyvayut_s_polittehnologom_prigozhina_perechislil_butinoy_5_mln_rubley. 
  70. ↑ "Бычков Петр Александрович" (in ru). Российская Ассоциация Политических Консультантов РАПК (Russian Association of Political Consultants RAPK). 2017. http://rapc.pro/bychkov-petr-aleksandrovich/. 
  71. ↑ "В России создана ассоциация политических консультантов. В марте 2014 года в Москве на 1-м Конгрессе российских политических консультантов было объявлено о создании Российской ассоциации политических консультантов. Первым президентом ассоциации абсолютным большинством голосов избран глава агентства "Никколо М" Игорь Минтусов. Исполнительным вице-президентом стал политтехнолог Виталий Сергеев." (in ru). advertology.ru. 25 March 2014. http://www.advertology.ru/article121950.htm. 
  72. ↑ "Российские политтехнологи изведают Африку – Газета Коммерсантъ № 69 (6307) от 20.04.2018". 31 March 2019. https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3607961. 
  73. ↑ "Члены РАПК - Ярослав Игнатовский". http://rapc.pro/ignatovski. 
  74. ↑ Ярослав Игнатовский - «ПолитГен»
  75. ↑ "Новости Руспрес - Александр Беглов - мелкий паразит на теле Евгения Пригожина". 28 March 2019. https://www.rospres.com/politics/26948/. 
  76. ↑ Losh, Jack; Mathews, Owen (9 August 2018). "'Battle for Africa': Russia Pushes Into 'Free Country for the Taking' In Attempt to Rival the West". Newsweek. https://www.newsweek.com/2018/08/17/russia-putin-africa-kremlin-central-republic-devastated-power-dynamic-1061066.html. 
  77. ↑ ""С русскими все возможно": что пишет пресса ЦАР об убийстве журналистов" (in ru). BBC. 2 August 2018. https://www.bbc.com/russian/features-45047676. 
  78. ↑ 78.0 78.1 78.2 78.3 78.4 78.5 Баев, Антон (Bayev, Anton); Маглов, Михаил (Maglov, Mikhail) (31 August 2018). "Контракт от президента: что получила в ЦАР компания, которую связывают с Пригожиным" (in ru). The Bell. https://thebell.io/kontrakt-ot-prezidenta-chto-poluchila-v-tsar-kompaniya-kotoruyu-svyazyvayut-s-prigozhinym/. 
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 Атасунцев, Александр (Atasuntsev, Alexander); Пудовкин, Евгений (Pudovkin, Evgeny) (23 April 2019). "Экс-глава связанной с Пригожиным фирмы получил алмазный контракт в ЦАР: Минфин ЦАР опубликовал контракты с компанией Lobaye Invest на разработку алмазов и золота. Директором фирмы указан Евгений Ходотов, которого СМИ называли выходцем из силовых структур Петербурга и связывали с Евгением Пригожиным" (in ru). RBC. https://www.rbc.ru/politics/23/04/2019/5cbee1129a7947b026697815#ws. 
  80. ↑ 80.0 80.1 80.2 Романовский, Кирилл (Romanovsky, Kirill); Тарасов, Денис (Tarasov, Denis); Малянов, Владимир (Malyanov, Vladimir); Никитина, Юлия (Nikitina, Julia). "У НОЧИ НЕТ ГЛАЗ: Чего не увидели убитые в Центральной Африке журналисты" (in ru). Федеральное агентство новостей (РИА «ФАН») (Federal News Agency (RIA FAN)). https://www.fontanka.ru/longreads/central_africa_investigation/. 
  81. ↑ 81.0 81.1 81.2 Барабанов, Илья (Barabanov, Ilya); Рейтер, Светлана (Reuter, Svetlana); Сошников, Андрей (Soshnikov, Andrey); Захаров, Андрей (Zakharov, Andrey); Горяшко, Сергей (Goryashko, Sergey) (31 January 2019). "Золото Пригожина. Чем занимались россияне в ЦАР, когда погибли журналисты" (in ru). BBC. https://www.bbc.com/russian/features-47005604. 
  82. ↑ "Deputy Director of the Information and Press Department Artyom Kozhin's answer to a media question on cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Central African Republic" (in en). Министерство иностранных дел Российской Федерации (Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Russian Federation). 22 March 2018. https://www.mid.ru/foreign_policy/news/-/asset_publisher/cKNonkJE02Bw/content/id/3136399?p_p_id=101_INSTANCE_cKNonkJE02Bw&_101_INSTANCE_cKNonkJE02Bw_languageId=en_GB. 
  83. ↑ 83.0 83.1 Bouessel, Charles; Sari, Emre (4 May 2018). "Pourquoi Vladimir Poutine avance ses pions en Centrafrique" (in fr). L'Obs. https://www.nouvelobs.com/monde/20180504.OBS6191/pourquoi-vladimir-poutine-avance-ses-pions-en-centrafrique.html. 
  84. ↑ Leviev, Ruslan (20 April 2018). "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ru). citeam.org. https://citeam.org/russian-mercenaries-in-africa/. 
  85. ↑ Романовский, Кирилл (Romanovsky, Kirill); Тарасов, Денис (Tarasov, Denis); Малянов, Владимир (Malyanov, Vladimir); Никитина, Юлия (Nikitina, Julia). "АЛМАЗЫ НОЧИ: Что забыла в Центральной Африке Lobaye Invest" (in ru). Федеральное агентство новостей (РИА «ФАН») (Federal New Agency (RIA FAN)). https://www.fontanka.ru/longreads/central_africa_diamonds/. 
  86. ↑ "Moscow sets its sights on the gold and diamonds" (in en). Africa Intelligence. 18 July 2018. https://www.africaintelligence.com/lce/business-circles/2018/07/18/moscow-sets-its-sights-on-the-gold-and-diamonds,108317475-art. 
  87. ↑ "Journalistes russes tués en Centrafrique: deux thèses et toujours aucune réponse" (in fr). RFI. 22 January 2020. http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/2020012%C3%A9-rca-triple-meurtre-journalistes-russes-wagner. 
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  93. ↑ "Butina needs over $650,000 to pay US lawyer's fees". Tass. 4 June 2019. https://tass.com/world/1061616. 
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  96. ↑ "How a Russian Plan to Restore Qaddafi's Regime Backfired". Bloomberg News. 20 March 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-03-20/how-a-russian-plan-to-restore-qaddafi-s-libyan-regime-backfired. 
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  102. ↑ Пастуков, Владимир (Pastukov, Vladimir) (28 June 2018). ""Повар Путина" перестал платить за землю в Петербурге" (in ru). Э́хо Москвы́ (Ekho Moskvy). https://echo.msk.ru/blog/openmedia/2230540-echo/. 
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  104. ↑ 104.0 104.1 "СМИ: Миллиардер Евгений Пригожин с подачи Дмитрия Медведева собирается намыть у Лахты остров" (in ru). dp. 18 January 2018. https://www.dp.ru/a/2018/01/18/SMI_Milliarder_Iosif_Pri/. 
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