USS Navasota (AO-106)

USS Navasota (AO-106)
USNS Navasota (T-AO-106) in 1986
Career (United States)
Name:	USS Navasota
Namesake:	The Navasota River in Texas
Builder:	Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Chester, Pennsylvania
Laid down:	22 February 1945
Launched:	30 August 1945
Commissioned:	27 February 1946
Decommissioned:	13 August 1975
In service:	1975
Out of service:	1991
Reclassified:	T-AO-107 after decommissioning
Struck:	2 January 1992
Honors and awards:	Nine battle stars for Korean War service and 14 campaign stars for Vietnam War service
Fate:	Sold for scrapping 25 October 1995
General characteristics
Class & type:	Ashtabula-class oiler1
Displacement:	As built: 7,423 tons (light); 25,480 tons (full load) After "jumboization": 12,840 tons (light); 33,987 tons (full load)
Length:	As built: 553 ft (169 m) After "jumboization": 644 ft (196 m)
Beam:	75 ft (23 m)
Draft:	As built: 32 ft (9.8 m) After "jumboization": 34 ft 9 in (10.59 m)
Installed power:	30,400 hp (22.7 MW)
Propulsion:	geared turbines, four boilers, twin screws
Speed:	16 knots (29.6 km/h)
Capacity:	146,000 barrels (23,200 m3) of fuel oil
Complement:	304 (as USS Navasota)
Crew:	108 civilians plus a detachment of U.S. Navy personnel (as USNS Navasota)
Armament:	As built: 1 x 5-inch (127-mm) 38-caliber gun 4 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 50-caliber guns 8 x 40-mm antiaircraft guns (4 x 2) 8 x 20-mm antiaircraft guns (4 x 2) After May 1958: 4 x 3-inch (76.2-mm) 50-caliber guns
Notes:	"Jumboization" involved the lengthening of Navasota's hull and installation of additional cargo capacity in 1964-1965.

USS Navasota (AO-106) was an Ashtabula-class replenishment oiler that served in the U.S. Navy from 1946 to 1973, then transferred to the Military Sealift Command to continue service as United States Naval Ship USNS Navasota (T-AO-106) until taken out of service in 1992. Navasota was sold for scrapping in 1995. She was the only U.S. Navy ship to bear the name Navasota.

Construction and commissioning

Navasota was laid down under Maritime Commission contract on 22 February 1945 as Maritime Commission hull 2702 by Sun Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Chester, Pennsylvania. She was launched on 30 August 1945, sponsored by Mrs. A. Hahn, and commissioned on 27 February 1946, Commander David H. McCluskey, USNR, in command.

Operational history, 1946–63

After three months of shakedown and training off the United States East Coast, Navasota steamed via the Panama Canal for Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and the western Pacific Ocean. Assigned to Service Force, United States Pacific Fleet, she departed Pearl Harbor on 3 July 1946 to bring petroleum products from the Persian Gulf to the Pacific fleet. She stood out of Yokosuka, Japan, on 20 August 1946 for San Pedro, California, arriving on 2 September 1946. For the next four months the oiler was in an operational training status, and on 30 January 1948 she again deployed to the Western Pacific. After serving as station ship at Tsingtao, China, from April through June 1948, she returned to San Pedro, California, on 7 July 1948, thence to Pearl Harbor in August 1948.

Navasota departed Pearl Harbor on 13 October 1948, once again en route the Far East. She departed Yokosuka on 20 November 1948 for Tsingtao and remained on station until 30 December 1948, when she sailed for California via Pearl Harbor. She arrived at Long Beach, California, on 19 January 1949, steamed to Kodiak, Alaska on 1 February 1949, returned to San Francisco on 25 February 1949, and continued to operate on the west coast of the United States for the next year.

Navasota again deployed to the Western Pacific on 1 May 1950. When the North Koreans crossed the 38th Parallel on 25 June 1950, beginning the Korean War, the oiler steamed for Korean waters to fuel Allied ships in the area. In late August 1950 she put in at Keelung, Formosa, but she was back in Korean waters to take part in the Inchon invasion on 15 September 1950.

She steamed for Pearl Harbor on 22 October 1950 and then for Japan via Kwajalein and Guam. Departing Japan on 16 December 1950, she arrived at Long Beach on 30 December 1950, only to return to the Far East on 31 March 1951 for further operations off Wonsan, Korea.

During her Korean operations Navasota fueled ships in Subic Bay on Luzon in the Philippine Islands, in Buckner Bay on Okinawa, in the Pescadores Islands, in Formosa, in Japan, and in Korea. She returned to Long Beach for overhaul from October 1951 until February 1952. The oiler operated off the U.S. West Coast until getting underway on 3 April 1952 for Sasebo, Japan, and resumption of her Korean fueling operations. She remained in the area of Wonsan and Songjin, Korea, for the next seven months and then returned to Long Beach, arriving there on 13 November 1952.

Navasota steamed from Long Beach on 2 February 1953 for Pearl Harbor to participate in Mercantile Convoy Exercise RES 53B, after which she called at Sasebo on 26 February 1953 to commence her fourth Pacific deployment. For the next seven months she conducted fueling operations in Korean waters. She was also used as station ship at Kaohsiung, Formosa, where she fueled units of the Formosa Straits Patrol until she headed for Long Beach on 3 September 1953.

For the next ten years Navasota continued to provide fueling services to the fleet through her annual Western Pacific deployments. In one overhaul at Long Beach Naval Shipyard from February to May 1958, all guns save her single 3-inch (76.2-mm) mounts were removed.

Highlights in this period included service as fuel ship during the nuclear weapons tests at Bikini Atoll in the summer of 1956 and her Western Pacific deployment of 1958, when she refueled 174 ships from August through November while serving as station ship at Makung in the Pescadores.

"Jumboization", 1963–64

Upon completion of her fifteenth Western Pacific deployment on 14 October 1963, Navasota was scheduled for "jumboization", the first oiler so designated. She steamed on 14 November 1963 for Puget Sound Naval Shipyard at Bremerton, Washington, for preliminary preparations, then entered Puget Sound Bridge and Drydock Company, Plant No. 2, Harbor Island, Seattle, Washington. for the conversion. Her new 394-foot (120.1 m) midsection was built in Kawasaki Dock Yard, Kobe, Japan, and towed to Seattle by the Japanese tug Daisho Maru No. 1.

The "jumboization" process consisted of five basic steps. First, the bow was removed and retained in the drydock while the rest of the ship was floated out. Next, the new section was floated in, raised, and joined to the bow. Third, the bridge structure was transferred to the new section by heavy lift crane on 9 January 1964. Then the stern section was severed and retained in drydock while the old midsection was floated out. In the last step, the new section with bow and bridge structure attached, was floated into the dock, raised, and joined to the stern.

Although replacement of the midsection was the single largest change in the $15,000,000 process, many other important improvements were made during the conversion. A major modification was made to the stern, including a new counterbalanced rudder, new stern casting and struts, and new shorter propeller shafts and stern tubes. The latest in fueling and replenishment at sea equipment was also added, including kingposts with outriggers, ram tensioned span wires and high lines, electric hydraulic winches, cargo elevators, helo pickup area, and sliding blocks and cargo drop reels at replenishment stations. New electric pumps, larger cargo piping, and double hose fueling rigs were also added, as well as a 4,500-kilowatt auxiliary diesel generator plant, and more enclosed stowage space. Habitability was also improved.

Her "jumboization" complete, Navasota left the shipyard on 28 December 1964.

1965–75

After upkeep and training, Navasota steamed 20 August 1965 on her sixteenth Western Pacific deployment, arriving at Subic Bay on 11 September 1965 and returning to Long Beach on 6 June 1966.

Navasota again steamed for the Western Pacific on 11 October 1966. Arriving at Subic Bay on 3 November 1966, she operated in the Gulf of Tonkin and in coastal waters off North and South Vietnam in support of United States Seventh Fleet warships conducting operations in the Vietnam War, with Subic Bay as her base of operations. The summer of 1967 brought the oiler back to Long Beach for upkeep and U.S. West Coast operations until she again deployed to the Western Pacific on 5 January 1968 to assume support duties for Seventh Fleet forces off Vietnam. Through at least 1970 she continued to deploy to the Western Pacific for six to eight months of each year, spending the remainder operating out of Long Beach as part of Service Force, Pacific Fleet, in support of United States First Fleet operations and Fleet Training Group, San Diego, California.

Navasota was decommissioned on 13 August 1975 and transferred to the Military Sealift Command, in which she served as USNS Navasota (T-AO-106) until 1991.

Later career and disposition

Navasota began active service with the Military Sealift Command in 1975. She was taken out of service in 1991. Navasota was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 2 January 1992. She was sold for scrapping on 25 October 1995.

Battle Honors

Awards, Citations and Campaign Ribbons

USS Navasota received nine battle stars for her Korean War service for these campaigns:

Korean War Campaigns
Campaign and Dates	Campaign and Dates
North Korean Aggression 18 to 29 September 1950	Second Korean Winter 24 to 30 April 1952
Inchon Landing 15 to 17 September 1950	Korean Defense Summer-Fall 1952 1 to 9 and 15 to 29 May 1952 12 to 26 June 1952 7 to 16 July 1952 9 to 20 September 1952 29 September to 12 October 1952
First UN Counter Offensive 4 to 6 and 12 to 21 April 1951	Third Korean Winter 10 to 18 March 1953 1 to 9 and 25 to 30 April 1953
Communist China Spring Offensive 25 April to 2 May 1951 6 to 10 May 1951 22 May to 6 June 1951 13 to 19 June 1951	Korea, Summer-Fall 1953 1 to 2 and 17 to 26 May 1953 25 to 27 July 1953
UN Summer-Fall Offensive 3 to 12 August 1951 28 August to 5 September 1951 16 to 25 September 1951

She also earned 14 campaign stars for her Vietnam War service for the following campaigns:

Vietnam War Campaigns
Campaign and Dates	Campaign and Dates
Vietnam Defense 15 to 24 September 1965 4, 6, 9 and 16 to 27 October 1965 9 to 18 November1965 30 November to 8 December 1965 17 to 24 December 1965	Tet 69/Counteroffensive 7 to 25 April 1969 6 to 17 May 1969 26 May to 8 June 1969
Vietnamese Counteroffensive 25 December 1965 6 to 13 January 1966 26 January to 6 February1966 13 to 22 February 1966 7 to 22 March 1966 30 March to 5 April 1966 11 to 15 April 1966	Vietnam Summer-Fall 1969 9 to 10 June 1969 27 June to 11 July 1969 27 to 29 July 1969
Vietnamese Counteroffensive - Phase II 30 November to 9 December 1966 30 December 1966 to 5 January 1967 10 to 20 February 1967 27 February to 9 March 1967 7 to 13 and 19 to 26 April 1967 10 to 18 May1967	Sanctuary Counteroffensive 10 to 20 and 27 to 30 June 1970
Vietnamese Counteroffensive - Phase III 20 December to 29 January 1967	Vietnamese Counteroffensive - Phase VII 1 to 14 July 1970 29 July to 6 August 1970 19 August to 5 September 1970 11 to 12 and 19 to 27 September 1970 6 to 14 October 1970 24 October to 2 November 1970 8 to 12 November 1970
Tet Counteroffensive 30 to 31 January 1968 24 March to 1 April 1968	Consolidation I 20 to 28 September 1971 15 to 17 October 1971 23 October to 5 November 1971 11 to 29 November 1971
Vietnamese Counteroffensive - Phase IV 10 to 22 April 1968 8 to 17 May 1968 23 May to 1 June 1968 10 to 30 June 1968	Consolidation II 17 December 1971 to 1 January 1972 9 to 17 and 26 to 30 January 1972 6 to 11 and 16 to 22 February 1972 1 to 29 March 1972
Vietnamese Counteroffensive - Phase V 1 to 6 and 10 July 1968	Vietnam Ceasefire 30 March to 8 April 1972 13 to 19 and 26 to 28 April 1972 4 to 16 May 1972 28 May to 2 June 1972

See also

• Wildenberg, Thomas (1996). Gray Steel and Black Oil: Fast Tankers and Replenishment at Sea in the U.S. Navy, 1912-1995. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/GSBO/index.html. Retrieved 2009-04-28. 

Notes and References

• This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.

External links

• Photo gallery of Navasota at NavSource Naval History