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Changes: Treaty of Warsaw (1970)

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{{distinguish|Warsaw Pact}}
  
{{distinguish|Warsaw Pact}}
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The '''Treaty of Warsaw''' ({{lang-de|Warschauer Vertrag}}, Polish: Układ PRL-RFN) was a treaty between the West Germany (West Germany) and the [[People's Republic of Poland]]. It was signed by Chancellor [[Willy Brandt]] and Prime Minister [[Józef Cyrankiewicz]] at the [[Presidential Palace, Warsaw|Presidential Palace]] on 7 December 1970, and it was ratified by the German [[Bundestag]] on 17 May 1972.
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{{Borders of Poland}}
  
   
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In the treaty, both sides committed themselves to nonviolence and accepted the existing border—the [[Oder-Neisse line]], imposed on Germany by the [[Allies of World War II|Allied powers]] at the 1945 [[Potsdam Conference]] following the end of [[World War II]]. This had been a quite sensitive topic since then, as Poland was concerned that a German government might seek to reclaim some of the [[former eastern territories of Germany|former eastern territories]]. From the Polish perspective, the transfer of these regions was considered to be a compensation for the [[Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union|former Polish territory]] east of the [[Curzon Line]] ("Kresy"), which had been annexed by the [[Soviet Union]] in 1939.
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The '''Treaty of Warsaw''' ({{lang-de|Warschauer Vertrag}}, Polish: Układ PRL-RFN) was a treaty between the [[Federal Republic of Germany|West Germany]] (West Germany) and the [[People's Republic of Poland]]. It was signed by Chancellor [[Willy Brandt]] and Prime Minister [[Józef Cyrankiewicz]] at the [[Presidential Palace, Warsaw|Presidential Palace]] on 7 December 1970, and it was ratified by the German [[Bundestag]] on 17 May 1972.
  
   
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In West Germany, Brandt was heavily criticised by the conservative CDU/[[Christian Social Union of Bavaria|CSU]] opposition, who marked his policy as a betrayal of national interests. At the time the treaty was signed, it was not seen as the last word on the Polish border in West Germany,<ref name=EEJ>Johnson, Edward Elwyn. [http://www.eej-esq.com/PDFs/German_Reunification.pdf International law aspects of the German refunification alternative answers to the German question]. Page 18 and footnote 35 that cites Ludwig Gelberg, ''The Warsaw Treaty of 1970 and the Western Boundary of Poland'', at 125–127; Jochen Abr. Frowein, ''The Reunification of Germany'', 86 Am. J. Int'l L. 152, 156 (1992), at 156.</ref> because Article IV of this treaty stated that previous treaties like the Potsdam Agreement were '''not''' superseded by this latest agreement, so the provisions of this treaty could be changed by a final peace treaty between Germany and the Allies of World War II—as provided for in the Potsdam Agreement.<ref name=EEJ/>
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In the treaty, both sides committed themselves to nonviolence and accepted the existing border—the [[Oder-Neisse line]], imposed on [[Germany]] by the [[Allies of World War II|Allied powers]] at the 1945 [[Potsdam Conference]] following the end of [[World War II]]. This had been a quite sensitive topic since then, as Poland was concerned that a German government might seek to reclaim some of the [[former eastern territories of Germany|former eastern territories]]. From the Polish perspective, the transfer of these regions was considered to be a compensation for the [[Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union|former Polish territory]] east of the [[Curzon Line]] ("[[Kresy]]"), which had been annexed by the [[Soviet Union]] in 1939.
  
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In West Germany, Brandt was heavily criticised by the conservative [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|CDU]]/[[Christian Social Union of Bavaria|CSU]] opposition, who marked his policy as a betrayal of national interests. At the time the treaty was signed, it was not seen as the last word on the Polish border in West Germany,<ref name=EEJ> Johnson, Edward Elwyn. [http://www.eej-esq.com/PDFs/German_Reunification.pdf International law aspects of the German refunification alternative answers to the German question]. Page 18 and footnote 35 that cites Ludwig Gelberg, ''The Warsaw Treaty of 1970 and the Western Boundary of Poland'', at 125–127; Jochen Abr. Frowein, ''The Reunification of Germany'', 86 Am. J. Int'l L. 152, 156 (1992), at 156.</ref> because Article IV of this treaty stated that previous treaties like the Potsdam Agreement were '''not''' superseded by this latest agreement, so the provisions of this treaty could be changed by a final peace treaty between Germany and the Allies of World War II—as provided for in the Potsdam Agreement.<ref name=EEJ/>
  
 
{{wikisource|Treaty of Warsaw of 1970}}
  
{{wikisource|Treaty of Warsaw of 1970}}
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The Treaty of Warsaw was an important element of the ''[[Ostpolitik]]'', put forward by Chancellor Brandt and supported by his ruling [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]]. In the aftermath of the 1990 [[Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany]], the Oder-Neisse line was reaffirmed without any reservation with the [[German–Polish Border Treaty (1990)|German-Polish Border Treaty]], signed on 14 November 1990 by re-united [[Germany]] and [[Poland]].
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The Treaty of Warsaw was an important element of the ''[[Ostpolitik]]'', put forward by Chancellor Brandt and supported by his ruling Social Democratic Party of Germany. In the aftermath of the 1990 [[Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany]], the Oder-Neisse line was reaffirmed without any reservation with the [[German–Polish Border Treaty (1990)|German-Polish Border Treaty]], signed on 14 November 1990 by re-united Germany and Poland.
   
 
==See also==
  
==See also==
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==External links==
  
==External links==
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*[http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/de/Europa/DeutschlandInEuropa/BilateraleBeziehungen/Polen/Vertraege/WarschauerVertrag.pdf Text of the treaty] ([[PDF]] file, {{de icon}})
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*[http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/de/Europa/DeutschlandInEuropa/BilateraleBeziehungen/Polen/Vertraege/WarschauerVertrag.pdf Text of the treaty] (PDF file, {{de icon}})
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[[Category:Boundary treaties]]
  
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[[Category:Treaties of West Germany]]
  
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[[Category:Treaties of the People's Republic of Poland]]
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[[Category:Treaties of the Polish People's Republic]]
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{{Germany-hist-stub}}
  
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Latest revision as of 03:12, 11 July 2021

Not to be confused with Warsaw Pact.

The Treaty of Warsaw (German language: Warschauer Vertrag, Polish: Układ PRL-RFN) was a treaty between the West Germany (West Germany) and the People's Republic of Poland. It was signed by Chancellor Willy Brandt and Prime Minister Józef Cyrankiewicz at the Presidential Palace on 7 December 1970, and it was ratified by the German Bundestag on 17 May 1972.

In the treaty, both sides committed themselves to nonviolence and accepted the existing border—the Oder-Neisse line, imposed on Germany by the Allied powers at the 1945 Potsdam Conference following the end of World War II. This had been a quite sensitive topic since then, as Poland was concerned that a German government might seek to reclaim some of the former eastern territories. From the Polish perspective, the transfer of these regions was considered to be a compensation for the former Polish territory east of the Curzon Line ("Kresy"), which had been annexed by the Soviet Union in 1939.

In West Germany, Brandt was heavily criticised by the conservative CDU/CSU opposition, who marked his policy as a betrayal of national interests. At the time the treaty was signed, it was not seen as the last word on the Polish border in West Germany,[1] because Article IV of this treaty stated that previous treaties like the Potsdam Agreement were not superseded by this latest agreement, so the provisions of this treaty could be changed by a final peace treaty between Germany and the Allies of World War II—as provided for in the Potsdam Agreement.[1]

Wikisource-logo Wikisource has original text related to this article:

The Treaty of Warsaw was an important element of the Ostpolitik, put forward by Chancellor Brandt and supported by his ruling Social Democratic Party of Germany. In the aftermath of the 1990 Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, the Oder-Neisse line was reaffirmed without any reservation with the German-Polish Border Treaty, signed on 14 November 1990 by re-united Germany and Poland.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Johnson, Edward Elwyn. International law aspects of the German refunification alternative answers to the German question. Page 18 and footnote 35 that cites Ludwig Gelberg, The Warsaw Treaty of 1970 and the Western Boundary of Poland, at 125–127; Jochen Abr. Frowein, The Reunification of Germany, 86 Am. J. Int'l L. 152, 156 (1992), at 156.

External links

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