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Sinking of the Moskva

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Sinking of the Moskva
Part of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
[[File:{{{image_name}}}|300 px|Moskva seen from the air in 2012]]
Moskva seen from the air in 2012
Date 14 April 2022; ago (2022-04-14)
Location East of Snake Island, Black Sea
Coordinates 45°10′43″N 30°55′31″E / 45.17861°N 30.92528°E / 45.17861; 30.92528Coordinates: 45°10′43″N 30°55′31″E / 45.17861°N 30.92528°E / 45.17861; 30.92528
Cause
Participants  Russian Navy
Deaths 1 killed
Missing 27 missing (per Russia)[1]

The Russian warship Moskva, the flagship of the Russian Navy's Black Sea Fleet, sank on 14 April 2022 during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Ukrainian officials said that their forces damaged the ship with two R-360 Neptune anti-ship missiles, while Russia said she sank in stormy seas after a fire caused munitions to explode.

The cruiser is the largest Russian warship to be sunk in wartime since the end of World War II and the first Russian flagship sunk since the 1905 Russo-Japanese War. Russia said that 396 crew members had been evacuated, with one sailor killed and 27 missing, but there are unverified reports of more casualties.

Background[]

In February 2022, the flagship of Russia's Black Sea Fleet, the guided missile cruiser Moskva, left Sevastopol to participate in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[2] The ship was later used against the Ukrainian armed forces during the attack on Snake Island, together with the Russian patrol boat Vasily Bykov.[3] Moskva hailed the island's garrison over the radio and demanded its surrender, receiving the now-famous reply "Russian warship, go fuck yourself" from its garrison. After this, all contact was lost with Snake Island, and the thirteen-member Ukrainian garrison was captured.[4]

Sinking[]

Template:Maplink

Ukrainian account[]

The first known report of a missile hitting the ship was at 20:42, 13 April 2022 Ukrainian time (EEST, UTC+03:00) with a Facebook post by a Ukrainian volunteer connected to the military.[5] Later that evening presidential adviser Oleksiy Arestovych reported Moskva was on fire in rough seas and Odessa governor Maksym Marchenko officially confirmed that Ukrainian forces hit Moskva with two R-360 Neptune anti-ship missiles, which "caused very serious damage."[6][7] At 12:43, 14 April EEST, the Ukrainian Southern Command posted a video on Facebook with a report stating the ship had received damage within the range of the Neptune anti-ship missile, there was a fire and other vessels in Moskva's group "tried to help, but a storm and a powerful explosion of ammunition overturned the cruiser and it began to sink."[8]

Russian account[]

Hours after Marchenko's claim, the Russian Ministry of Defence said that a fire had caused munitions to explode, and that the ship had been seriously damaged, without any statement of cause or reference to a Ukrainian strike.[9][10][11][12] The ministry said on 14 April that the missile systems of the cruiser were undamaged, the fire was contained by sailors, and that efforts were underway to tow the ship to port.[13][14][15] Later on 14 April, the Russian ministry said that Moskva sank while being towed during stormy weather,[16][17][18] although the weather was reportedly mild.[19] On 15 April, the sinking was briefly reported on Russian news media and television, where it was said to be due to "stormy seas".[18]

Other early observations[]

The United States Department of Defense spokesman John Kirby said early on 14 April that they did not have enough information to confirm a missile strike, but could not rule it out. Imagery they had examined showed the ship had suffered a sizable explosion. The cause of the explosion was not clear. The ship appeared to be moving under its own power, probably heading to Sevastopol for repairs.[20] A defense department spokesman later stated it was unclear whether the vessel was moving under her own power or being towed.[21] A senior Defense Department official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, stated the ship was "battling a fire on board, but we do not know the extent of the damage” but it was "big" and "extensive."[22]

An image from a satellite with cloud-penetrating synthetic aperture radar (SAR) revealed that at 18:52 local time (UTC+03:00) on 13 April 2022, Moskva was located at 45°10′43.39″N 30°55′30.54″E / 45.1787194°N 30.92515°E / 45.1787194; 30.92515, about 80 nautical miles (150 km) south of Odessa, east of Snake Island and around 50 nmi (90 km) from the Ukrainian coast.[23] An analysis suggested this was not long after the damage occurred which caused the ship to eventually sink. In the image the cruiser is accompanied by other vessels.[23]

At 02:59, 14 April 2022 [EEST], the Reverse Side of the Medal, a Telegram channel associated with the Russian paramilitary Wagner Group, posted the following: "According to unconfirmed reports, the flagship of the Black Sea Fleet, the cruiser Moskva, sank." And, according to their "preliminary information, was indeed attacked by the Neptune anti-ship missiles from the coastline between Odessa and Nikolaev. Also, the forces of the ship were diverted to counter the Bayraktar TB-2 UAV. The blow fell on the port side, as a result of which the ship took a strong roll. After the threat of detonation of ammunition, the crew of about 500 people was evacuated."[24][25]

At 10:59, 14 April 2022 [EEST], the Lithuanian defence minister, Arvydas Anušauskas, reported on Facebook that an SOS signal was sent at 01:05, the cruiser rolled onto its side at 01:14, and the electricity went out half an hour later. "From 2 a.m., a Turkish ship evacuated 54 sailors from the cruiser, and at about 3 a.m., Turkey and Romania reported that the ship was completely sunk."[26][25][27][28] According to the Albanian website Politiko, a Turkish official denied to BBC News that a Turkish ship rescued any Russian crew.[29]

In the afternoon of 14 April, US Defense Department spokesman Kirby confirmed the ship had sunk but said they were unable to confirm what caused the ship to sink, although the Ukrainian account was "certainly plausible."[22] Speculating about the cause of the explosion, he stated: "Certainly, it could have been damage from some external force, like a missile or an attack of some kind, a torpedo or something like that, ... but it could also be something that happens inside the skin of the ship – an engineering fire, a fuel fire. You just don’t know."[22]

Purported missile strike[]

Neptun missile complex Launcher, Kyiv 2019, 13

An R-360 Neptune launcher near Kyiv in 2019

On 15 April, a senior US Defense official said that Moskva had been hit by two Neptune missiles; he also stated that the ship was about 65 nmi (120 km) south of Odessa when she was struck and that the cruiser continued onward under her own power before sinking on 14 April. The official also said intelligence appraisals indicated there were casualties at the time of the strike, but he did not know how many.[30][31] The Ukrainian missiles were apparently fired from a land-based launcher near Odessa while Moskva was located 60–65 nautical miles (110–120 kilometres) offshore.[32][15][33][34]

On 5 May, a US official said that US gave "a range of intelligence"[35][36][37] to assist in the sinking of the Moskva. However, the decision to strike was purely a Ukrainian one.[35] There was a US Navy P-8A Poseidon maritime surveillance aircraft in the area before the sinking.[5] The P-8A from Italy was patrolling within its radar range over the Black Sea[5] and the US, when asked, did identify the ship as the Moskva as part of intelligence sharing to help Ukraine defend against attack from Russian ships.[38] The US Department of Defense spokesman John Kirby stated: "There was no provision of targeting information by any United States Navy P-8 flying in these air policing missions."[39]

Moskva was equipped with a triple-tiered air defense that could have provided an adequate chance of intercepting the incoming Neptune missiles, with 3–4 minutes of radar detection warning.[40] There was no record that the crew had activated these systems, including the S-300F and OSA surface-to-air missiles, chaff or decoys, electronic jamming, or the last ditch AK-630 close-in weapon systems. Tayfun Ozberk, Turkey correspondent for Defense News, suggested that the ship's radars either failed to detect the incoming Neptune missiles or that the defenses were not ready to engage the detected threat, implying a lack of crew training for such emergency scenarios.[41]

The operation to sink Moskva may have been assisted by the use of at least one Bayraktar TB2 drone (UCAV), which seems to have observed the event and may have played other roles in the ship's sinking.[42][43] The Telegram post by the Wagner Group[25][24] and a Ukrainian official said the drone "diverted" or "distracted" the crew, but David Hambling, a technology journalist writing in Forbes, considered this unlikely, since the ship's anti-drone and anti-missile defenses were provided by two different systems: the long-range SA-N-6 Grumble (S-300F) missiles against the drone and the multibarreled AK-360 cannons against the Neptune missiles.[42]

Several reports were consistent with Bayraktar drones being in the same area as the ship. Arda Mevlutoglu, a defence industry analyst, stated that a Bayraktar TB2 ground-control station was seen in Odessa on 10 April.[43] A video released by the Russian military on 12 April showed a missile being launched from the Russian frigate Admiral Essen and stated it destroyed a Bayraktar drone near the Crimean coast.[44][42][45] A Ukrainian video "shot from the air with a night vision scope,"[42] claimed to show Moskva burning in the distance,[46] and could have been made by a Bayraktar drone flying in the area.[42]

Analysts stated the Bayraktar drone may also have provided targeting information.[43] Can Kasapoglu, the director of security and defense studies at a Turkish think tank, the Center for the Economics and Foreign Policy Studies (EDAM), said: "Reports that Turkish TB2 drones were involved in the attack either as a distraction for Moskva or as location spotter of Moskva are both quite possible."[43] Mevlutoglu mentioned that Rear Admiral Oleksiy Neizhpapa, commander of the Ukrainian naval forces, had in the past suggested that TB2 drones would be used with Neptune launchers for target reconnaissance.[43] Mevlutoglu also said the main radar system on Moskva was out of date, designed to detect aircraft and cruise missiles. The TB2, with a lower radar cross-section and flight speed, may have been missed by the ship's radar.[43]

The aviation journalist Valius Venckunas reported: "According to Arkady Babchenko, a Russian military journalist and an outspoken critic of Vladimir Putin, a Ukrainian Bayraktar disabled Moskva’s radar station, rendering it unable to detect and intercept incoming missiles. However, Babchenko has not provided the source of such information."[47]

Danish military analyst Anders Nielson makes a case that operator fatigue could have been a significant factor.[48] With such systems active, the cruiser was expected to survive several strikes from Neptune missiles (150 kg or 320 lb warhead each) due to her large displacement; one salvo combat model scenario suggests that Ukraine would have needed to launch at least eleven Neptune missiles simultaneously; Moskva could have defeated six of them, with the remaining five getting through her defenses and striking the ship, causing just enough hull damage to sink her.[49][unreliable source?] However, this assumes that ship munitions were not detonated by the impact, so poor damage control,[50][18][41] using conscripts instead of mid-grade professionals, and insufficient compartmentation have been suggested as contributing reasons to why the cruiser sank.[51]

Images and video of the sinking ship[]

By 18 April, two images and a short 3-second video clip were circulating on social media showing Moskva after the fire broke out and prior to the final sinking. The images show the ship listing to port in daylight and calm sea, with signs of extensive fire damage around the central superstructure in addition to the presence of holes at the waterline, and most of her life rafts missing, indicating that some of the crew had evacuated by this point.[52][53][54] According to CNN, "a large Russian rescue tug can be seen dousing the warship with water on the far [starboard] side."[54]

The source or author of the video or images is unknown.[52][53][54] The Telegraph reported the images were first posted to the web via Telegram on a channel linked to Russian security agencies.[55] Analysts who were independently consulted by The Guardian and CNN confirmed that the images appear to show Moskva.[52][54] The Guardian quoted Yörük Işık, a journalist and expert ship spotter, as saying: "I believe the video is real. What we see shape, size. It is the Moskva."[52] The Guardian also reported: "He [Işık] said he believed at least one of the photographs was taken from a Project 22870 rescue tugship, of which Russia is believed to have two in the Black Sea."[52]

A senior US defense official said the images could not be independently verified, "but the images themselves comport with what we had assessed to be the damage done to the ship."[54] Carl Schuster, former director of operations at the US Pacific Command's Joint Intelligence Operations Center, stated: "Assuming the photo is not faked in some way or photo-shopped, it looks like the missile(s) hit forward, which is not unexpected. Anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCMs) tend to go for the center of the radar return, which typically is the forward section of the superstructure."[54] Chris Parry, a former rear admiral, wrote to The Guardian: "It seems that one–two missiles entered the ship just below after the pair of Vulcan anti-ship missiles.... This would have caused massive internal damage and looks to have punctured the two missiles ... which would have drained down propellant fuel that further intensified the fire within the ship by spreading horizontally along the decks and through the damaged bulkheads."[52] Naval experts consulted by the BBC considered damage to be consistent with missile attack, but disagreed with each other about the plausibility of other causes. The video does not show the storm stated in Russian reports.[56]

Casualties[]

Lithuania's defence minister Arvydas Anušauskas said on 14 April that a distress signal had been sent from Moskva that day, and a Turkish ship responded, evacuating 54 personnel from the cruiser at 2 am, before she sank at 3 am. According to him, there were 485 crew on board, of whom 66 were officers. It was not known how many had survived.[28][57][27][58]

Ukrainian sources reported on 15 April that some of Moskva's crew were killed, including First Rank Captain Anton Kuprin (age 43), the ship's commanding officer, at the time of the explosion.[59] On 15 April, a senior US official said the government also believed there had been casualties.[30][60] At a US Department of Defense briefing on 18 April, a senior defense official revealed they had also seen lifeboats in the water with sailors in them but did not have an accurate count.[61] The independent Russian newspaper Novaya Gazeta Europe reported some 40 sailors had been killed at the time of the sinking.[62] According to an eyewitness, there were some 200 injured sailors in a hospital in Crimea.[63]

The Russian Ministry of Defense said soon after the sinking that the crew had been evacuated,[59] and initially did not report any casualties; however, some relatives of sailors have been told that their family member was "missing".[64] On 16 April, Russia released a video allegedly showing a meeting in Sevastopol with around 100 sailors of Moskva, along with Navy Commander-in-Chief Admiral Nikolay Yevmenov, who said that the sailors would continue their service in the Navy.[60] According to independent Russian online newspaper The Insider, about 100 sailors, and notably the First Rank Captain of the ship Anton Kuprin, are visible in the video.[65] Naval News reported that the Russian Defence Ministry video showed around 240 people survived, about half the crew.[41] The Ukrainian edition of Radio Liberty, however, says that it is impossible to verify the authenticity of the video.[66]

On 22 April, the Russia defence ministry released a statement confirming that one sailor from Moskva was killed and 27 were missing, while 396 crew members were rescued.[1][67] Family members of crew serving aboard the Moskva allege that the number of missing sailors could be higher, and that they have received no official information regarding their fate.[68]

Impact[]

SA-N-6 Launchers on Marshal Ustinov

S-300F (SA-N-6) missile launchers on a Slava-class cruiser

Moskva is the largest Soviet or Russian warship to be sunk in action since World War II,[69] when German aircraft bombed the Soviet battleship Marat,[70] and the first loss of a Russian flagship in wartime since the 1905 sinking of the battleship Knyaz Suvorov during the Battle of Tsushima in the Russo-Japanese War.[71] The last time a warship of comparable size was sunk was during the Falklands War in 1982, when the Argentine Navy cruiser ARA General Belgrano was sunk by the Royal Navy submarine HMS Conqueror.[72] If Ukrainian claims are true, Moskva might be the largest warship ever disabled or destroyed by a missile, according to Carl Schuster, a retired US Navy captain and former director of operations at the US Pacific Command's Joint Intelligence Center.[72]

The loss of Moskva is considered significant and humiliating to Russian president Vladimir Putin, but "more about psychological damage than material damage" according to Mykola Bielieskov from Ukraine's National Institute for Strategic Studies. He said that it would not completely lift Russia's naval blockade on Ukraine, but showed that Ukraine could employ sophisticated weaponry effectively.[18] The Institute for the Study of War reached similar conclusions and said the loss of the ship may force Russia "to either deploy additional air and point-defense assets to the Black Sea battlegroup or withdraw vessels from positions near the Ukrainian coast."[73]

Moskva was the only warship in Russia's Black Sea Fleet with the S-300F missile system for long-range air defense. She did not herself fire missiles at land targets in Ukraine, but provided anti-aircraft support to vessels that did, and her sinking prompted Russian ships, now less protected, to move further offshore. It is unclear whether Ukraine will be able to capitalize on their increased vulnerability.[18] Retired US Rear Admiral Samuel J. Cox, director of the Naval History and Heritage Command, told The New York Times that with loss of the ship, in the newspaper's words, "any amphibious assault on Ukraine would be much more dangerous for Russia, with its landing and amphibious ships much more vulnerable to attacks."[74] In June 2022, Russian Vasily Bykov class corvettes were spotted fitted with ground-based Tor-M1/2 anti-air missile systems on deck, with analysts speculating that the arrangement was to compensate for the loss of seaborne air defence following the loss of the Moskva.[75]

While two sister ships of Moskva were deployed to the Eastern Mediterranean as of February 2022,[76] Turkey has for the duration of the war closed the Turkish Straits to belligerent warships whose home port is not in the Black Sea, following the Montreux Convention. Thus, Russia cannot send ships to replace the lost Moskva from its other fleet bases without violating Turkish sovereignty.[77][78]

In 2020, the archpriest of the Russian Orthodox Church Sevastopol District said that a fragment of the True Cross would be kept in Moskva's chapel. The True Cross is the cross on which believers say Jesus was crucified and a very rare relic important to many Christians.[79] There was speculation after her sinking that the relic may have gone down with the ship.[80][81][82]

Aftermath[]

Stamp of Ukraine s1985

Ukrainian postage stamp, depicting a Ukrainian soldier giving Russian cruiser Moskva the finger, issued two days before she sank[83][84]

United States National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan said that the sinking of Moskva "is a big blow to Russia", with Moscow split between a narrative of incompetence and one of having been attacked.[85] Sasaki Takahiro, guest professor on Russian security policy at Hiroshima University, stated in The Asahi Shimbun that the sinking of Moskva is compared with that of Yamato, the battleship of Imperial Japan.[86] US Defense Department spokesman John Kirby said that Moskva's main mission was air defense for the Russian forces in the Black Sea and that her sinking "will have an impact on that capability, certainly in the near term".[87]

According to an analysis by Forbes Ukraine on 14 April 2022, the sinking of Moskva is the most costly single loss for the Russian military in the war to date, and the ship would cost around US$750 million to replace.[88]

Although Russia did not confirm that Ukrainian missiles had hit the ship, Reuters reported that in the morning of 15 April, Russia launched an apparent retaliatory missile strike against the missile factory Luch Design Bureau in Kyiv, where the Neptune missiles allegedly used in the attack were designed and manufactured.[89]

The sinking of Moskva came two days after Ukrposhta released one million "Russian warship, go fuck yourself" stamps, which show a soldier giving the finger to Moskva. The sinking boosted sales of the stamp in Ukraine.[90] Some people in Ukraine queued for more than two hours to get the stamp.[91] The sinking of Moskva likely boosted the morale of many Ukrainians and negatively affected morale of the invading Russian forces.[92] Oleksiy Neizhpapa, the commander of Ukrainian naval forces, was promoted as a reward for the sinking of Moskva.[93]

Russian TV media only discussed the story briefly, while news articles described out-of-date fire-suppression systems and said that the sinking would not have an effect on the war. However, film director and former State Duma member Vladimir Bortko, described by the BBC as "clearly emotional", said (as a guest on a talk show) the fate of Moskva was grounds for war.[18][Clarification needed] On 18 April, Russia-1 state TV presenter Vladimir Solovyov criticised the Russian navy over the sinking;[94][95] Russian commentator Sergei Markov, a strong Kremlin supporter, told the BBC Radio 4's The World at One that the cruiser had been struck by missiles shipped from Norway, and that her electronic defenses had been neutralised by the US.[96] Other Russian media[which?] speculated that the ship had been hit by a Norwegian AGM-119 Penguin missile.[97][better source needed]

A Ukraine-based publication[98] and two defense analysts[99] wrote in the aftermath that Moskva had the capability to carry nuclear warheads, and that she may have been carrying two nuclear warheads at the time of her sinking. They called for neighboring nations to launch an investigation into the possibility of a nuclear accident. There is a slight chance that the cruiser was carrying nuclear warheads for her P-500/P-1000 anti-ship missiles, but there is no evidence indicating that she was doing so.[100] A senior U.S. defense official stated there were no nuclear weapons on the ship when she sank.[52]

Ukraine declared the wreck of Moskva as having "underwater cultural heritage". It is being advertised as a dive wreck as it is only 130 km off the coast from Odessa and the water is only 45–50 metres deep. The wreck "can be admired without much diving".[67][101]

The Russian navy was reported to have sent the salvage ship Kommuna with the AS-28 submersible onboard to the wreck, as part of an eight-ship convoy. Kommuna is the oldest active-duty navy ship still in service, at 110 years old and inherited from the Imperial Russian Navy. Due to the size of Moskva and that she sank in one piece, bringing her to the surface is thought to be impractical. The aim is likely to recover encryption material, weapons, bodies and other sensitive material that foreign powers might be interested in.[102] Kommuna is based with the Black Sea Fleet and sails from Sevastopol. Her presence at the wreck site would expose her to attack by Ukrainian forces.[103]

On 24 May, Ukrainian sources claimed that Russia had spent the previous two weeks removing bodies and classified equipment from the wreck of the Moskva.[104][105] According to Ukraine 5 to 7 ships were involved.[106]

On 30 June, Russia retreated from Snake Island,[107] the island that the Moskva had attacked together with the Vasily Bykov.[10] The Ukrainian military set foot on Snake Island on 4 July and raised the Ukrainian flag over it.[108]

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Russia says one sailor died, 27 missing after missile cruiser sank". 22 April 2022. https://english.alarabiya.net/News/world/2022/04/22/Russia-says-one-sailor-died-27-missing-after-missile-cruiser-sank. 
  2. ↑ Sutton, H. I.. "OSINT Tracker Feb 15 2022: Russian Navy Anti-Ship Capabilities in Mediterranean & Black Sea". http://www.hisutton.com/Russia-Med-BS-2022-02-15.html. 
  3. ↑ "Zmiinyi Island In Black Sea Attacked From Russian Ships – Border Service". 24 February 2022. https://ukranews.com/en/news/836500-zmiinyi-island-in-black-sea-attacked-from-russian-ships-border-service. 
  4. ↑ "Ukrainian Navy confirms Snake Island soldiers are alive, POWs". The Jerusalem Post. 28 February 2022. https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-698897. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Volkmann, Elizia (20 April 2022). "Ukraine war: US spy plane on patrol in Black Sea before sinking of Russian flagship Moskva". https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/ukraine-war-us-spy-plane-on-patrol-in-black-sea-before-sinking-of-russian-flagship-moskva-fblbg0znd. 
  6. ↑ "Russian warship Moskva on fire but afloat, Pentagon says". 14 April 2022. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/14/russia-moskva-ship-ukraine-black-sea. 
  7. ↑ "Russia says flagship missile cruiser has sunk after explosion off coast of Ukraine" (in en-US). ISSN 0190-8286. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/14/ukraine-russian-missile-cruiser-moskva-warship/. 
  8. ↑ "Russian cruiser Moskva capsized and began to sink – Operational Command South" (in en). https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3457420-russian-cruiser-moskva-capsized-and-began-to-sink-operational-command-south.html.  Facebook post: "Поточна оперативна обстановка на півдні України: ранок 14.04.2022 [Current operational situation in the south of Ukraine: morning 14.04.2022]" (12:43 14 April EEST) on Facebook (fb.watch/cyVbeRP2zf/); partial video transcript: [В Чорноморській операційній зоні ПКР «Нептун» уражений крейсер «Москва» – флагман чорноморського флоту росії – отримав суттєві пошкодження. Виникла пожежа. Інші одиниці корабельного угруповання намагалися надати допомогу, але шторм і потужний вибух боєзапасу перекинули крейсер і він почав тонути.] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: conflicting: |links= and |link= (help) (tr. "In the Black Sea operational zone of the PKR "Neptune" the affected cruiser "Moscow" – the flagship of the Russian Black Sea Fleet – received significant damage. There was a fire. Other units of the ship's group tried to help, but a storm and a powerful explosion of ammunition overturned the cruiser and it began to sink.")
  9. ↑ "На ракетном крейсере "Москва" произошел пожар" (in ru). 14 April 2022. https://tass.ru/proisshestviya/14372453.  Posted to tass.ru at 01:58, 14 April 2022 [EEST, UTC+3], article updated at 02:33, 14 April 2022 [EEST].
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "На ракетном крейсере "Москва" в результате пожара сдетонировал боезапас" (in ru). 14 April 2022. https://ria.ru/20220414/kreyser-1783435471.html.  Posted to ria.ru at 01:58, 14 April 2022 [EEST].
  11. ↑ "Ukraine claims it hit a Russian warship with a missile strike. Russia says otherwise". CNN. 13 April 2022. https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-putin-news-04-14-22/h_91b6e58465a0c8af0441aa673421447e.  Posted to cnn.com at 05:53, 14 April 2022 [EEST].
  12. ↑ "Russia Says Major Ship in Black Sea Fleet Badly Damaged in Blast – Interfax". 13 April 2022. https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-04-13/russia-says-major-ship-in-black-sea-fleet-badly-damaged-in-blast-interfax.  Posted to usnews.com at 09:19, 14 April 2022 [EEST].
  13. ↑ "В Минобороны сообщили о локализации пожара на крейсере 'Москва' [The Ministry of Defense announced the localization of the fire on the cruiser Moskva"]. https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/14375981none  (12:50, 14 April 2022 [EEST], updated 13:06, 14 April 2022 [EEST]).
  14. ↑ "Russia says fire on the Moskva missile cruiser is contained". 14 April 2022. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-says-fire-moskva-missile-cruiser-is-contained-2022-04-14/. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Москва утонула . Как ВСУ поразили флагман ЧФ РФ" (in ru). https://korrespondent.net/ukraine/politics/4469410-moskva-utonula-kak-vsu-porazyly-flahman-chf-rf. 
  16. ↑ "Крейсер 'Москва' затонул при буксировке [Cruiser Moskva sank while being towed"]. https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/14383383none  (22:52, 14 April 2022 [EEST], updated 22:58 14 April 2022 [EEST]).
  17. ↑ Reuters (14 April 2022). "Russia says flagship missile cruiser Moskva has sunk after fire" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-says-flagship-missile-cruise-ship-has-sunk-after-fire-2022-04-14/.  Posted 23:59, 14 April 2022 [EEST], updated 02:53, 15 April 2022.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 Hill, Jenny (15 April 2022). "Russian warship: Moskva sinks in Black Sea". BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-61114843. 
  19. ↑ Treisman, Rachel (15 April 2022). "A Russian warship in the Black Sea was sunk by Ukrainian missiles, U.S. official says" (in en). NPR. https://www.npr.org/2022/04/15/1093026912/russian-moskva-warship-sunk-ukraine. 
  20. ↑ "Morning Joe: Pentagon: We know Russian warship suffered an explosion". 14 April 2022. https://www.msnbc.com/morning-joe/watch/pentagon-we-know-russian-warship-suffered-an-explosion-137706565695. 
  21. ↑ "Russian warship Moskva on fire but afloat, Pentagon says" (in en). 14 April 2022. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/14/russia-moskva-ship-ukraine-black-sea. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Forgey, Quint. "Pentagon confirms explosion aboard Russian warship" (in en). https://www.politico.com/news/2022/04/14/pentagon-explosion-russian-warship-00025243. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Sutton, H. I. (15 April 2022). "Satellite Image Pinpoints Russian Cruiser Moskva As She Burned". https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2022/04/satellite-image-pinpoints-russian-cruiser-moskva-as-she-burned/. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Telegram post by Reverse Side of the Medal: (edited 02:59, 14 April 2022 [EEST]): Russian: По неподтвержденным данным, флагман Черноморского флота крейсер «Москва» – затонул. ... По нашей предварительной информации, флагман Черноморского флота России крейсер «Москва» действительно был атакован ПКР «Нептун» с береговой линии между Одессой и Николаевым. Также силы корабля были отвлечены на противодействие БПЛА «Bayraktar TB-2». Удар пришёлся по левому борту, в результате чего корабль принял сильный крен. После угрозы детонации боекомплекта, экипаж порядка ~500 человек был эвакуирован.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Oliphant, Roland (14 April 2022). "Ukraine's unofficial motto, 'Russian warship, go f--- yourself', finally comes to pass". https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/04/14/russian-warship-notorious-firing-snake-island-defenders-seriously/. 
  26. ↑ Facebook post by Arvydas Anušauskas: (10:59, 14 April 2022 [EEST]): Lithuanian language: Nuo 2 valandos nakties Turkijos laivas nuo kreiserio evakavo 54 jūreivius, o apie 3 valandą nakties Turkija ir Rumunija pranešė, kad laivas visiškai nuskendo.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Harding, Luke; Roth, Andrew (15 April 2022). "Ukraine braces for revenge attacks from Russia after Moskva sinking". https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/15/ukraine-braces-revenge-attacks-russia-moskva-sinking. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Zorlu, Faruk (15 April 2022). "Turkish ship rescued 54 sailors on damaged Russian naval cruiser Moskva". https://www.aa.com.tr/en/russia-ukraine-war/turkish-ship-rescued-54-sailors-on-damaged-russian-naval-cruiser-moskva/2564125. 
  29. ↑ "Turkey denies allegations that it has helped the crew of Russian ships". 14 April 2022. https://politiko.al/english/bota/turqia-mohon-akuzat-se-ka-ndihmuar-ekuipazhin-e-anijeve-ruse-i457950. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Cooper, Helene (15 April 2022). "Russia's Black Sea flagship was hit by 2 Ukrainian missiles, a U.S. official says.". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/15/world/europe/russia-moskva-warship-ukraine-missiles.html. 
  31. ↑ "A Russian warship in the Black Sea was sunk by Ukrainian missiles, U.S. official says". NPR. 15 April 2022. https://www.npr.org/2022/04/15/1093026912/russian-moskva-warship-sunk-ukraine. 
  32. ↑ "Sneaky way Ukraine distracted Russian warship Moskva". 15 April 2022. https://www.news.com.au/world/europe/sneaky-way-ukraine-distracted-russian-warship-moskva/news-story/4243404b1394fa2f18d44290afeabd9a. 
  33. ↑ Jamie Siedel (14 April 2022). "Russian warship Moskva explodes on Ukraine coast after missiles fired". News Corp Australia. https://www.news.com.au/world/europe/russian-warship-moskva-explodes-on-ukraine-coast-after-missiles-fired/news-story/d688ac2ed9ed33bd3c42a3786f12f628. 
  34. ↑ "Fire puts Russian Navy's Black Sea Fleet flagship out of action". Janes Information Services. 14 April 2022. https://www.janes.com/defence-news/fire-puts-russian-navys-black-sea-fleet-flagship-out-of-action/. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 "'Seemed like goodbye': Mariupol defenders make their stand". AP. 6 May 2022. https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-aab9f48d6c4941d2f4d4b5d3fa8ed751. 
  36. ↑ "Biden is furious about the leaks saying US intelligence helped Ukraine kill Russian generals and sink its warship, report says". Business Insider. 10 May 2022. https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/world/news/biden-is-furious-about-the-leaks-saying-us-intelligence-helped-ukraine-kill-russian-generals-and-sink-its-warship-report-says/articleshow/91468802.cms. 
  37. ↑ "Did US intelligence-sharing with Ukraine cross a line?". Deutsche Welle. 14 May 2022. https://www.dw.com/en/us-intel-russia-war/a-61794064. 
  38. ↑ "U.S. Intel helped Ukraine sink Russian flagship Moskva, officials say". https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/national-security/us-intel-helped-ukraine-sink-russian-flagship-moskva-officials-say-rcna27559. 
  39. ↑ "U.S. Intelligence Helped Ukraine Strike Russian Flagship, Officials Say". 5 May 2022. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/05/us/politics/moskva-russia-ship-ukraine-us.html. 
  40. ↑ "Are rainy days in store for Russia's Black Sea Fleet following the sinking of the Moskva?" (in en-gb). 19 April 2022. https://www.defenceprocurementinternational.com/features/sea/what-is-the-impact-of-losing-the-moskva-for-russias-black-sea-fleet. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 Ozberk, Tayfun (17 April 2022). "Analysis: Chain Of Negligence Caused The Loss Of The Moskva Cruiser" (in en). https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2022/04/analysis-chain-of-negligence-caused-the-loss-of-the-moskva-cruiser/. , 17 April 2022.
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 Hambling, David (14 April 2022). "Ukraine’s Bayraktar Drone Helped Sink Russian Flagship Moskva". https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidhambling/2022/04/14/ukraines-bayraktar-drones-helped-destroy-russian-flagship/?sh=391d306f3a7a. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.4 43.5 Tavsan, Sinan (18 April 2022). "Ukraine War: Turkish-made drones likely involved in Moskva sinking". https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Ukraine-war/Turkish-made-drones-likely-involved-in-Moskva-sinking. 
  44. ↑ Facebook post by the Russian Defence Ministry (09:09 12 April 2022 EEST) fb.watch/er_E-8aBMK/.
  45. ↑ Twitter post by Liveuamap (09:36 12 April 2022 EEST) "Russian ministry of Defense says it has destroyed Bayraktar TB-2 drone with naval air defense system near Crimea."
  46. ↑ Twitter post by kiranjoshi235 (08:53 14 April 2022). "Russian flagship Moskva was shot down by Ukrainian Army with Neptune missile. Bayraktar TB-2s were used to distract the target ship."
  47. ↑ Venckunas, Valius. "Reports indicate that Bayraktar helped to attack Moskva" (in en). https://www.aerotime.aero/articles/30757-reports-indicate-that-bayraktar-helped-to-attack-moskva. 
  48. ↑ Anders, Nielson. "Bad design can kill: Missile defense and user fatigue" (in en). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gaiVjJWOUWE. 
  49. ↑ Cowden, Anthony (19 April 2022). "Neptunes, the MOSKVA, and How Not to Sink a Cruiser". RealClearDefense. https://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2022/04/19/neptunes_the_moskva_and_how_not_to_sink_a_cruiser_827840.html. "the Cube Root rule suggest that it would take 2,320 lbs of HE to put Moskva out of action" 
  50. ↑ "Russian warship Moskva: What do we know?". BBC News. 14 April 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61103927. 
  51. ↑ "Analysis | Russia's Sunken Warship Is a Warning to All Navies". Washington Post. 19 April 2022. https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/russias-sunken-warship-is-a-warning-to-all-navies/2022/04/19/203c46ac-bfe9-11ec-b5df-1fba61a66c75_story.html. 
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 52.3 52.4 52.5 52.6 Roth, Andrew (18 April 2022). "Film and photos appear to show Russian cruiser Moskva shortly before she sank". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/18/film-and-photos-appear-to-show-russian-cruiser-moskva-shortly-before-it-sank. 
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 Sutton, H. I. (18 April 2022). "Moskva Sinking: Images Reveal Once Powerful Russian Navy Ship On Fire". http://www.hisutton.com/Russian-Navy-Moskva-Sinking.html. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.4 54.5 Hallam, Jonny; Lendon, Brad; Pavlova, Uliana; Kottasová, Ivana (19 April 2022). "New photos show Russian warship Moskva before it sank". https://edition.cnn.com/2022/04/18/europe/ukraine-moskva-warship-sinking-images-intl/index.html. 
  55. ↑ Vasilyeva, Nataliya (18 April 2022). "Pictured: First images of damaged Moskva emerge as Russian families claim dozens dead". https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/04/18/pictured-first-images-damaged-moskva-russian-mothers-claim-200/. 
  56. ↑ "Ukraine war: Dramatic images appear to show sinking Russian warship Moskva". BBC. 18 April 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61141118. 
  57. ↑ "Anušauskas: ukrainiečių apšaudytas rusų kreiseris "Moskva" nuskendo" (in lt). TV3 (Lithuania). 14 April 2022. https://www.tv3.lt/naujiena/uzsienis/anusauskas-ukrainieciu-apsaudytas-rusu-kreiseris-moskva-nuskendo-n1162347. 
  58. ↑ "Turkish ship rescues over 50 Russian sailors from naval cruiser Moskva" (in en). 15 April 2022. https://www.trtworld.com/turkey/turkish-ship-rescues-over-50-russian-sailors-from-naval-cruiser-moskva-56382. 
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Stewart, Will (15 April 2022). "Captain of sunk Russian warship Moskva 'killed in explosion' says Ukraine". https://au.news.yahoo.com/captain-sunk-russian-warship-moskva-100437596.html. 
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 "Russian warship: Moskva crew 'shown for first time since sinking'". BBC. 16 April 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61129151. 
  61. ↑ "Transcript: Senior Defense Official Holds a Background Briefing, April 18, 2022". 18 April 2022. https://www.defense.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/3002867/senior-defense-official-holds-a-background-briefing-april-18-2022/. 
  62. ↑ "Dozens of dead and wounded in Moskva sinking - newspaper". www.bbc.com/news. 17 April 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-61124291. 
  63. ↑ Shull, Abbie. "Mother of killed Russian sailor says officials are leaving them in the dark about the cruiser sinking". https://www.businessinsider.com/family-of-killed-russian-soldier-say-they-are-in-the-dark-about-moskva-sinking-2022-4. 
  64. ↑ Rozhanskiy, Timofei; Yehoshyna, Valeria; Shabayev, Heorhiy (20 April 2022). "Mothers Of The Moskva: For Relatives Of Missing Sailors, A Lack Of Information Fuels Grief". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-moskva-sinking-missing-sailors-information/31813120.html. 
  65. ↑ Минобороны показало моряков крейсера «Москва» — около 100 человек. В Украине заявляли о гибели экипажа, который оценивали в 500-700 человек ("The Ministry of Defense showed the sailors of the cruiser "Moskva" – about 100 people. In Ukraine, they announced the death of the crew, which was estimated at 500-700 people") The Insider, 16 April 2022.
  66. ↑ У Росії заявляють, що особовий склад крейсера «Москва» перебуває в окупованому Севастополі ("In Russia declare that the personnel of the cruiser "Moscow" is in occupied Sevastopol"), Radio Svoboda, 16 April 2022.
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 "Ukraine round-up: Russia admits Moskva ship losses for first time". 22 April 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61193787.amp. 
  68. ↑ "'I look at my government differently': losses in Ukraine test Russians' faith". May 17, 2022. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/17/i-look-at-my-government-differently-losses-in-ukraine-test-russians-faith. 
  69. ↑ "Russian warship Moskva has sunk – defence ministry". BBC. 15 April 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61114843.amp. ""The 12,490-tonne vessel is the biggest Russian warship to be sunk in action since World War Two."" 
  70. ↑ Reuters (14 April 2022). "Factbox: The 'Moskva', Russia's lost Black Sea Fleet flagship" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/moskva-russias-lost-black-sea-fleet-flagship-2022-04-14/. 
  71. ↑ Gale, Alastair (15 April 2022). "Russia's Sunken Warship Moskva Recalls Great World War II Naval Battles" (in en-US). The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/russias-sunken-warship-moskva-recalls-great-world-war-ii-naval-battles-11650021090. 
  72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 Lendon, Brad (14 April 2022). "Russian navy evacuates badly damaged flagship in Black Sea. Ukraine claims it was hit by a missile". CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/14/europe/russia-navy-cruiser-moskva-fire-abandoned-intl-hnk-ml/index.html. 
  73. ↑ Clark, Mason; Stepanenko, Kateryna; Barros, George (14 April 2022). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, April 14". https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-april-14. 
  74. ↑ Barnes, Julian E.; Glanz, James (15 April 2022). ""Prized Russian Ship Was Hit by Missiles, U.S. Officials Say"". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/15/us/politics/russia-moskva-ship-sunk-ukraine.html. 
  75. ↑ "Ground-Based Tor SAM System Seen Strapped To Russian Black Sea Warship". June 7, 2022. https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/russian-black-sea-warship-now-equipped-with-ground-based-sam-system. 
  76. ↑ Sam LaGrone (22 February 2022). "Russian Navy Cruisers Positioned to Counter U.S., French and Italian Carrier Groups in the Mediterranean". United States Naval Institute. https://news.usni.org/2022/02/22/russian-navy-cruisers-positioned-to-counter-u-s-french-and-italian-carrier-groups-in-the-mediterranean. 
  77. ↑ "What happens to Russia's Black Sea position without the flagship Moskva?" (in en). National Post. 14 April 2022. https://nationalpost.com/news/world/what-happens-to-russias-black-sea-position-without-the-flagship-moskva. 
  78. ↑ Seidel, James (6 April 2022). "Russian warship Moskva explodes on Ukraine coast after missiles fired". https://www.news.com.au/world/europe/russian-warship-moskva-explodes-on-ukraine-coast-after-missiles-fired/news-story/d688ac2ed9ed33bd3c42a3786f12f628. 
  79. ↑ "Christian relic, a True Cross piece, to be kept at Russia's Black Sea fleet flagship". TASS - Russian News Agency. 26 February 2020. https://tass.com/society/1123855. 
  80. ↑ Roth, Andrew (15 April 2022). "Loss of Moskva strikes serious blow to Russian military's prestige". https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/15/loss-of-moskva-strikes-serious-blow-to-russian-militarys-prestige. 
  81. ↑ Jankowicz, Mia (15 April 2022). "Russian warship sunk in Ukraine war may have been carrying a piece of the 'true cross,' a treasured Christian relic". Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/sunk-russia-warship-may-have-carried-holy-relic-on-board-2022-4. 
  82. ↑ O'Shaughnessy, Julian (17 April 2022). "Even a relic of the True Cross couldn't keep the 12,500-ton Moskva afloat". https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/even-a-relic-of-the-true-cross-couldnt-keep-the-12-500-ton-moskva-afloat-xr6v05rj6. 
  83. ↑ "Ukrainian soldiers who told Russian warship 'go f*** yourself' honoured on postal stamps". 14 April 2022. https://www.itv.com/news/2022-04-14/ukrainian-soldiers-who-told-russian-warship-go-f-yourself-honoured-on-stamp. Retrieved 14 April 2022. 
  84. ↑ Michael, Chris (12 March 2022). "Ukraine reveals 'Russian warship, go fuck yourself!' postage stamp". https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/12/ukraine-reveals-russian-warship-go-fuck-yourself-postage-stamp. Retrieved 14 April 2022. 
  85. ↑ "US National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan said that the way the Moskva saga "has unfolded is a big blow to Russia".". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/apr/14/russia-ukraine-war-latest-russia-says-warship-seriously-damaged-after-ammunition-explosion-us-to-send-800m-in-military-aid-to-ukraine-live?page=with:block-62588a118f08790595e26c35#block-62588a118f08790595e26c35. 
  86. ↑ Sasaki, Takahiro (2022-04-16). "「モスクワ」沈没は「大和」に匹敵 元海将補が見たロシア軍への打撃". https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASQ4H7FMTQ4HUHBI02Q.html?iref=pc_ss_date_article. 
  87. ↑ Lendon, Brad. "Analysis: What really happened to the pride of Russia's fleet?". CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/15/europe/russia-guided-missile-cruiser-moskva-sinks-intl-hnk-ml/index.html. 
  88. ↑ "Вартість підбитого крейсера "Москва" – $750 млн. Forbes склав рейтинг найдорожчої російської техніки, знищеної на війні — Forbes.ua" (in uk). 14 April 2022. https://forbes.ua/inside/vartist-zatoplenogo-kreysera-moskva-750-mln-forbes-sklav-reyting-naydorozhchoi-vorozhoi-tekhniki-znishchenoi-na-viyni-14042022-5442. 
  89. ↑ "Russia says it hits Kyiv missile factory after flagship sinks in Black Sea" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/powerful-explosions-heard-kyiv-after-russian-warship-sinks-2022-04-15/. 
  90. ↑ "Ukrainians celebrate Russian setbacks with stamps, memes and an NFT" (in en-US). ISSN 0190-8286. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/15/ukraine-stamp-russian-warship-moskva-meme/. 
  91. ↑ "Russian warship stamp becomes collector's item in Ukraine". France24. 15 April 2022. https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220415-russian-warship-stamp-becomes-collector-s-item-in-ukraine. 
  92. ↑ "Morale boost for Ukraine after Russian flagship the Moskva sunk in Black Sea !website=ABC News". https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IJcjJ80v9v0. 
  93. ↑ Corcoran, Kieran (2022-04-18). "Zelenskyy promotes Ukrainian naval commander in an apparent reward for sinking Russia Black Sea flagship". https://www.businessinsider.com/zelenskyy-promotes-ukraine-navy-leader-moskva-russia-flagship-sank-2022-4. 
  94. ↑ Alibhai, Zaina (18 April 2022). "How the hell did you let Moskva be sunk? State TV host rants at Russian Navy". https://metro.co.uk/2022/04/18/furious-russia-state-tv-host-criticises-navy-over-moskva-sinking-16486561/. 
  95. ↑ "Moskva warship sinking raises questions about fate of crew". https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/18/moskva-warship-crew-survivors/. Retrieved 2022-04-20. 
  96. ↑ "World at One - 18/04/2022 (time 13:36) - BBC Sounds". https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m0016gz8. 
  97. ↑ "Moscow admits Moskva sank; Norwegian AGM-119 Penguin missile suspected". frontierindia.com. 15 April 2022. https://frontierindia.com/moscow-admits-moskva-sank-norwegian-agm-119-penguin-missile-suspected/. 
  98. ↑ "На ракетному крейсері "Москва", який тоне після удару "Нептуна", можуть бути ядерні боєприпаси - опитування фахівців". defence-ua.com. https://defence-ua.com/minds_and_ideas/na_raketnomu_krejseri_moskva_jakij_tone_pislja_udaru_neptuna_mozhut_buti_jaderni_bojepripasi_opituvannja_fahivtsiv-6946.html. 
  99. ↑ Samus, Mykhailo; Klymenko, Andrii. "FB Post: '...2 nuclear warheads on missiles...'". https://www.facebook.com/100003576664760/posts/4741459019316607/?d=n. 
  100. ↑ "Russia's 110-Year-Old Salvage Ship Deploying To Moskva Wreck: Report". 22 April 2022. https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/russias-110-year-old-salvage-ship-deploying-to-moskva-wreck-report. 
  101. ↑ "Moskva wreckage declared item of Ukrainian underwater cultural heritage". 22 April 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-61185469?ns_mchannel=social&ns_source=twitter&ns_campaign=bbc_live&ns_linkname=62627d0fb1e16c43aefe6eac%26Moskva%20wreckage%20declared%20item%20of%20Ukrainian%20underwater%20cultural%20heritage%262022-04-22T12%3A57%3A30.822Z&ns_fee=0&pinned_post_locator=urn:asset:0e7142ec-4eab-4430-9d0f-d0c3b75f5ffb&pinned_post_asset_id=62627d0fb1e16c43aefe6eac&pinned_post_type=share. 
  102. ↑ "The Russians Appear To Be Sending A Deep-Diving Submersible To The Wreck Of The Cruiser 'Moskva'". 22 April 2022. https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2022/04/22/the-russians-appear-to-be-sending-a-deep-diving-submersible-to-the-wreck-of-the-cruiser-moskva/. 
  103. ↑ "Russia's 110-Year-Old Salvage Ship Deploying To Moskva Wreck: Report". 22 April 2022. https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/russias-110-year-old-salvage-ship-deploying-to-moskva-wreck-report. 
  104. ↑ "Has Russia been retrieving bodies from the sunken Moskva?". www.bbc.co.uk/news. 24 May 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-61546571?ns_mchannel=social&ns_source=twitter&ns_campaign=bbc_live&ns_linkname=628d3a374259031cb5a25129%26Has%20Russia%20been%20retrieving%20bodies%20from%20the%20sunken%20Moskva%3F%262022-05-24T20%3A15%3A21.045Z&ns_fee=0&pinned_post_locator=urn:asset:3288178d-1c52-469b-a2a8-745dc03a2882&pinned_post_asset_id=628d3a374259031cb5a25129&pinned_post_type=share. 
  105. ↑ "Russians Take Bodies And Secret Equipment From Sunken Moskva Cruiser - Intelligence". ukranews.com. 25 May 2022. https://ukranews.com/en/news/859178-russians-take-bodies-and-secret-equipment-from-sunken-moskva-cruiser-intelligence. 
  106. ↑ "Ukrainian Chief Intelligence Directorate: Russians took bodies and secret equipment away from the Moskva cruiser". yahoo.com. 25 May 2022. https://news.yahoo.com/ukrainian-chief-intelligence-directorate-russians-104042276.html. 
  107. ↑ "Russian invaders escape from Snake Island". Ukrinform. 30 June 2022. https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3518616-russian-invaders-escape-from-snake-island.html. 
  108. ↑ "Ukrainian flag raised over Zmiinyi Island in Black Sea". The New Voice of Ukraine. 4 July 2022. https://english.nv.ua/nation/ukrainian-flag-raised-over-zmiinyi-island-in-black-sea-50254196.html. 
Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War
Overview
General
Prelude
Background
Military
engagements
Southern Ukraine
Eastern Ukraine
Kyiv
Northeastern Ukraine
Attacks on airbases
War crimes
Attacks on civilians
Legal proceedings
Response
States
Pro-Ukraine
Pro-Russia
  • Belarusian involvement
  • Chechen involvement
  • Moscow rally
  • Russian fake news law
    • Mark Bernstein
    • Public
    Protests
    Other
  • Address of the Russian Union of Rectors
  • Boycott of Russia and Belarus
  • IT Army of Ukraine
  • Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion
  • peacenotwar malware
  • Roskomnadzor leak
  • Wagner Group
    • United Nations
    Impact
    Effects
    Popular culture
    Key people
    Ukraine Ukrainians
    Russia Russians
    Others
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