| Siege of Kalinjar | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Kalinjar Fort as it appeared in 1814 | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Ghurid Dynasty | Chandelas of Jejakabhukti | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Qutb-ud-din Aibak Iltutmish |
Paramardi  | ||||||
The Siege of Kalinjar was a military expedition of Ghurid Empire under the command of Qutb-ud-din Aibak against the Chandelas of Jejakabhukti that commenced in 1203 during which the Ghurids successfully captured Kalinjar after besieging it.[1] The Ghurid forces defeated Chandelas and the Chandela ruler Paramardi surrendered Kalinjar to Ghurids.[2][3]
Background[]
Kalinjar was the political capital of Chandelas of Jejakabhukti. It was invaded by Prithviraj Chauhan of Chauhan Dynasty in 1183. After the death of Prithviraj after second battle of Tarain, Chandelas regained their superiority over Kalinjar. Chandela was ruled by Paramardi, the last major King of Chandelas.[4][5]
Qutb-uddin Aibak led his expedition towards Kalinjar in 1202–1203. He defeated Chandela forces and occupied Kalinjar. Paramardi surrendered and promised to pay tribute but died before executing his agreements.[1][6][7]
References[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 provinces, North-western (1874) (in en). Statistical, descriptive and historical account of the North-western Provinces of India, ed. by E.T. Atkinson [and others.]. Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press. pp. 451. https://books.google.com/books?id=j50IAAAAQAAJ&dq=Aibak+Kalinjar&pg=PA451.
- ↑ Srivastava, Ashok Kumar (1972) (in en). The Life and Times of Kutb-ud-din Aibak. Govind Satish Prakashan. https://books.google.com/books?id=DBshAAAAMAAJ.
- ↑ Kar, Hemendra Chandra (1980) (in en). Military History of India. Firma KLM. pp. 200. ISBN 978-0-8364-1588-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=bsRGAAAAMAAJ.
- ↑ Dole, Manoj (in en). Great Kings in The World. Manoj Dole. pp. 58. https://books.google.com/books?id=l1ukEAAAQBAJ.
- ↑ Elphinstone, Mountstuart (1866) (in en). The History of India: The Hindú and Mahometan Periods. J. Murray. https://books.google.com/books?id=1VgOAAAAQAAJ.
- ↑ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (1979) (in en). Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. pp. 82. ISBN 978-81-207-0617-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=iUk5k5AN54sC.
- ↑ Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1966) (in en). The Sultanate of Delhi, 711-1526 A.D.: Including the Arab Invasion of Sindh, Hindu Rule in Afghanistan and Causes of the Defeat of the Hindus in Early Medieval Age. Shiva Lal Agarwala. pp. 81. https://books.google.com/books?id=PAsfAAAAIAAJ.
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