The siege of Caizhou, now Ru'nan in Henan,[1] China, between 1233 and 1234 was the final battle in the war between the Mongol Empire and Jurchen Jin Dynasty. Emperor Aizong, the Jurchen emperor, fled to the town of Caizhou when the Mongols besieged the Jin capital of Kaifeng. The Mongols arrived at Caizhou in December, 1233. Emperor Ai tried to retreat, and committed suicide when the likelihood of escaping from Caizhou was no longer plausible. Caizhou was captured by the Mongols on February 9, 1234. The Jin Dynasty ended with the fall of Caizhou.[2]
Franke, Herbert (1994). "The Chin dynasty". In Twitchett, Denis C.. The Cambridge History of China: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710–1368. Cambridge University Press. pp. 215–320. ISBN 978-0-521-24331-5.
Mote, Frederick W. (1999). Imperial China: 900–1800. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-44515-5. (hardcover); ISBN 978-0-674-01212-7 (paperback).
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