Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar

Prince Edward
Prince Edward in 1855
Prince of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Personal details
Born	(1823-10-11)11 October 1823 Bushy House, London
Died	16 November 1902(1902-11-16) (aged 79) Portland Place, London
Spouse(s)	Augusta Katherine Gordon-Lennox
Occupation	Military
Religion	Lutheranism

Prince William Augustus Edward of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, KP, GCB, GCH, GCVO, PC (11 October 1823 – 16 November 1902) was a British military officer of German parents. After a career in the Grenadier Guards, he became Major General commanding the Brigade of Guards and General Officer Commanding the Home District in 1870, General Officer Commanding Southern District in October 1878 and Commander-in-Chief, Ireland in October 1885. He was promoted to field marshal in 1897 despite his career including no great military achievements.

Career

Edward was born to Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and Princess Ida of Saxe-Meiningen at Bushy House, the home of his mother's sister Adelaide and her husband the future King William IV of the United Kingdom.

After being naturalised as a British subject, Edward's military career began on 1 June 1841, when, having trained at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, he joined the 67th (South Hampshire) Regiment of Foot as an ensign. He was promoted to ensign in the Grenadier Guards and lieutenant in the Army on 8 June 1841 and lieutenant in his regiment and captain in the Army on 19 May 1846 before becoming adjutant of his battalion in November 1850.

Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar as depicted in Vanity Fair

Edward was promoted to brevet major in the Grenadier Guards on 20 June 1854. He served in the Crimean War and fought at the Battle of Alma in September 1854 and the Siege of Sevastopol in October 1854, where he was slightly injured. He fought on at the Battle of Balaclava in October 1854 and the Battle of Inkerman in November 1854. He was promoted to the brevet lieutenant-colonel "for distinguished Service in the Field" during the war on 12 December 1854.

Edward was appointed an aide-de-camp to the Queen and received his colonelcy in the Grenadier Guards on 5 October 1855. Granted the style of Royal Highness (to both Edward and his wife) in 1866, he was promoted to major-general on 6 March 1868. He was appointed Major General commanding the Brigade of Guards and General Officer Commanding the Home District in 1870 and, having been promoted to lieutenant general on 6 July 1877, he became General Officer Commanding Southern District in October 1878. Promoted to full general on 4 November 1879, he went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Ireland and a member of the Irish Privy Council in October 1885 before retiring in October 1890.

In retirement Edward was a commissioner of the Patriotic Fund. He also became colonel of the 10th Regiment of Foot and then colonel of the 1st Regiment of Life Guards. He was promoted to field marshal on 22 June 1897 following which there was adverse comment in The Times that his career had included no great military achievements.

Edward died on 16 November 1902 at Portland Place in London and was buried in Chichester Cathedral, in the crypt of his wife's family, the dukes of Richmond and Lennox.

Family

On 27 November 1851 Edward married, morganatically, Lady Augusta Katherine Gordon-Lennox, (a daughter of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 5th Duke of Richmond), who was created Countess of Dornburg by the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar the day before the wedding. The Court Circular shows that she was usually known by that title until early 1886, when the Circular began to consistently refer to her by her husband's title, i.e. "HSH Princess Edward of Saxe-Weimar". They had no children.

Honours

Edward's honours included:

• Knight of the Order of St. Patrick (KP) – 18 December 1890
• Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) – 21 June 1887 (KCB – 24 May 1881; CB – 24 January 1857)
• Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) – 8 March 1901
• Legion of Honour (France) – 2 August 1856
• Order of the Medjidie, 3rd Class (Ottoman Empire) – 2 March 1858

Sources

• Heathcote, Tony (1999). The British Field Marshals 1736–1997. Leo Cooper. ISBN 0-85052-696-5. 
• Shaw, Willam (2012). The Knights of England: a Complete Record from the Earliest Time to the Present Day. Forgotten Books. ASIN B0091ABIYC. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=l4xUsPyL6koC&pg=PA105&lpg=PA105&dq=18++December++1890+Saxe-Weimar+the+times&source=bl&ots=vaUDEr6Aly&sig=_Y5dLthWW9uO-BRgj8KVZK7-1-Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KMRrUuuRGeGN7AaXtoDoDg&ved=0CE0Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=18%20%20December%20%201890%20Saxe-Weimar%20the%20times&f=false.