Niimi Nishiki (新見 錦, 1836 – October 25, 1863) was born in Mito-han (now Ibaraki Prefecture). He was a master of the Shintomunen-ryu swordsmanship style. He was one of the original thirteen members of the Shinsengumi, together with Serizawa Kamo and Kondō Isami. He was originally one of the three commanders with Kondo and Serizawa but later he had his rank lowered to vice-commander. Being an important member of the Serizawa faction, he was later forced by Yamanami Keisuke and Hijikata Toshizō to commit seppuku(suicide) around October 19 (by the lunar calendar, the 10th day of the ninth month), 1863. Serizawa and the other members of his group were assassinated about a week later by order of Matsudaira Katamori, the daimyo of the Aizu clan.
Although he took the name Niimi Nishiki, his real name remains obscure. He is assumed to be well educated because the name Niimi Nishiki shows a play of pronunciation. There are speculations that he could have been a spy for the Chōshū Domain and that he also had close connections with Sonnō jōi groups in Mito and Tosa Province.
The original article can be found at Niimi Nishiki and the edit history here.