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|caption=A 1915 portrait of ''General der Artillerie'' Max von Gallwitz |
|caption=A 1915 portrait of ''General der Artillerie'' Max von Gallwitz |
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|commands=[[12th Army (German Empire)|Twelfth Army]] 1915 |
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| − | '''Max Karl Wilhelm von Gallwitz''' (2 May 1852 – 18 April 1937) was a |
+ | '''Max Karl Wilhelm von Gallwitz''' (2 May 1852 – 18 April 1937) was a German general from Breslau (Wrocław), Silesia, who served with distinction during [[World War I]] on both the [[Eastern Front (World War I)|Eastern]] and [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Fronts]].<ref name="duffy">{{citation |url=http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/gallwitz.htm |title=Who's Who - Max von Gallwitz |publisher=firstworldwar.com |last=Duffy |first=Michael |date=2009-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/stmihiel_gallwitz.htm |title=Primary Documents - Max von Gallwitz on the Battle of St Mihiel, 12 September 1918 |publisher=firstworldwar.com |last=Duffy |first=Michael |date=2009-08-22}}</ref> |
==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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[[File:Max von Gallwitz (1852-1937).jpg|thumb|left|100px|Max von Gallwitz]]Gallwitz began the war as a corps commander ([[Guards Reserve Corps]]) on the Western Front, but was almost immediately transferred east to join the [[8th Army (German Empire)|Eighth Army]] under [[Paul von Hindenburg|Hindenburg]].<ref name="duffy"/> In 1915 he took command of ''Armee-Gruppe'' Gallwitz<ref>''Armee-Gruppe'' or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task.</ref> (later redesignated [[12th Army (German Empire)|Twelfth Army]]) and participated in the Galicia offensive alongside [[August von Mackensen|Mackensen]], who commanded the [[11th Army (German Empire)|Eleventh Army]].<ref name="rickard">{{citation |url=http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/people_gallwitz_max.html |title=Max von Gallwitz, German General, 1852-1937 |last=Rickard |first=J. |date=2007-10-03}}</ref> Towards the end of 1915 he succeeded Mackensen as commander of the Eleventh Army, as the latter campaigned against [[Serbian Campaign (World War I)|Serbia]]. In 1916 Gallwitz moved back to the Western Front and defended against the British attack in the [[Battle of the Somme]]. He took over command of [[2nd Army (German Empire)|2nd Army]] and of ''Heeresgruppe'' Gallwitz - Somme<ref>''Heeresgruppe'' or [[Army Group]] in the sense of a number of armies under a single commander.</ref> controlling [[1st Army (German Empire)|1st]] and 2nd Armies. From 1916-18 he commanded the [[5th Army (German Empire)|Fifth Army]] in the west, most notably engaging the Americans during the [[Battle of Saint-Mihiel]]. |
[[File:Max von Gallwitz (1852-1937).jpg|thumb|left|100px|Max von Gallwitz]]Gallwitz began the war as a corps commander ([[Guards Reserve Corps]]) on the Western Front, but was almost immediately transferred east to join the [[8th Army (German Empire)|Eighth Army]] under [[Paul von Hindenburg|Hindenburg]].<ref name="duffy"/> In 1915 he took command of ''Armee-Gruppe'' Gallwitz<ref>''Armee-Gruppe'' or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task.</ref> (later redesignated [[12th Army (German Empire)|Twelfth Army]]) and participated in the Galicia offensive alongside [[August von Mackensen|Mackensen]], who commanded the [[11th Army (German Empire)|Eleventh Army]].<ref name="rickard">{{citation |url=http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/people_gallwitz_max.html |title=Max von Gallwitz, German General, 1852-1937 |last=Rickard |first=J. |date=2007-10-03}}</ref> Towards the end of 1915 he succeeded Mackensen as commander of the Eleventh Army, as the latter campaigned against [[Serbian Campaign (World War I)|Serbia]]. In 1916 Gallwitz moved back to the Western Front and defended against the British attack in the [[Battle of the Somme]]. He took over command of [[2nd Army (German Empire)|2nd Army]] and of ''Heeresgruppe'' Gallwitz - Somme<ref>''Heeresgruppe'' or [[Army Group]] in the sense of a number of armies under a single commander.</ref> controlling [[1st Army (German Empire)|1st]] and 2nd Armies. From 1916-18 he commanded the [[5th Army (German Empire)|Fifth Army]] in the west, most notably engaging the Americans during the [[Battle of Saint-Mihiel]]. |
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| − | Following his retirement from the army, Gallwitz served as a deputy in the |
+ | Following his retirement from the army, Gallwitz served as a deputy in the Reichstag (1920–24) for the [[German National People's Party]].<ref name="rickard"/> |
==References== |
==References== |
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{{Succession box| title=Commander, [[5th Army (German Empire)|5th Army]]| before=[[General der Infanterie]] [[Ewald von Lochow]] | after=[[General of the Cavalry (Germany)|General der Kavallerie]] [[Georg von der Marwitz]] | years=17 December 1916–27 September 1918}} |
{{Succession box| title=Commander, [[5th Army (German Empire)|5th Army]]| before=[[General der Infanterie]] [[Ewald von Lochow]] | after=[[General of the Cavalry (Germany)|General der Kavallerie]] [[Georg von der Marwitz]] | years=17 December 1916–27 September 1918}} |
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Revision as of 15:00, 5 September 2019
| Max von Gallwitz | |
|---|---|
|
File:Gallwitz.jpg A 1915 portrait of General der Artillerie Max von Gallwitz | |
| Born | May 2, 1852 |
| Died | April 18, 1937 (aged 84) |
| Place of birth | Breslau (Wrocław) |
| Allegiance |
 German Empire |
| Service/branch | Army |
| Rank | General |
| Commands held | Twelfth Army 1915 |
| Battles/wars | World War I |
Max Karl Wilhelm von Gallwitz (2 May 1852 – 18 April 1937) was a German general from Breslau (Wrocław), Silesia, who served with distinction during World War I on both the Eastern and Western Fronts.[1][2]
Biography
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Max von Gallwitz
Gallwitz began the war as a corps commander (Guards Reserve Corps) on the Western Front, but was almost immediately transferred east to join the Eighth Army under Hindenburg.[1] In 1915 he took command of Armee-Gruppe Gallwitz[3] (later redesignated Twelfth Army) and participated in the Galicia offensive alongside Mackensen, who commanded the Eleventh Army.[4] Towards the end of 1915 he succeeded Mackensen as commander of the Eleventh Army, as the latter campaigned against Serbia. In 1916 Gallwitz moved back to the Western Front and defended against the British attack in the Battle of the Somme. He took over command of 2nd Army and of Heeresgruppe Gallwitz - Somme[5] controlling 1st and 2nd Armies. From 1916-18 he commanded the Fifth Army in the west, most notably engaging the Americans during the Battle of Saint-Mihiel.
Following his retirement from the army, Gallwitz served as a deputy in the Reichstag (1920–24) for the German National People's Party.[4]
References
- Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Duffy, Michael (2009-08-22). "Who's Who - Max von Gallwitz". firstworldwar.com. http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/gallwitz.htm.
- ↑ Duffy, Michael (2009-08-22). "Primary Documents - Max von Gallwitz on the Battle of St Mihiel, 12 September 1918". firstworldwar.com. http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/stmihiel_gallwitz.htm.
- ↑ Armee-Gruppe or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Rickard, J. (2007-10-03). "Max von Gallwitz, German General, 1852-1937". http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/people_gallwitz_max.html.
- ↑ Heeresgruppe or Army Group in the sense of a number of armies under a single commander.
- Bibliography (biography)
- Jung, Jakob (1995) (in German). Max von Gallwitz (1852-1937). Biblio. pp. 292. ISBN 978-3-7648-2435-8.
The original article can be found at Max von Gallwitz and the edit history here.