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Mark Milley

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Mark Milley
General Mark A. Milley
Milley in 2019
Birth name Mark Alexander Milley
Born June 18, 1958(1958-06-18) (age 65)
Place of birth Winchester, Massachusetts, U.S.
Allegiance United States
Service/branch United States Army
Years of service 1980–present
Rank General
Commands held Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Chief of Staff of the United States Army
United States Army Forces Command
III Corps
International Security Assistance Force (joint)
10th Mountain Division
2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division (Light)
Battles/wars Operation Just Cause
Operation Uphold Democracy
Operation Joint Endeavor
Iraq War
War in Afghanistan
Awards Defense Distinguished Service Medal (2)
Army Distinguished Service Medal (4)
Defense Superior Service Medal (3)
Legion of Merit (3)
Bronze Star Medal (4)
Spouse(s) Hollyanne Milley (m. 1984 or 1985)[1]

Mark Alexander Milley (born June 18, 1958) is a United States Army general and the 20th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He previously served as the 39th Chief of Staff of the United States Army.[2]

Early life and education[]

Born in Winchester, Massachusetts, Milley attended the Belmont Hill School.[3] Milley graduated from Princeton University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in politics in 1980 after completing a 185-page long senior thesis titled "A Critical Analysis of Revolutionary Guerrilla Organization in Theory and Practice".[4] Milley also holds a Master of Arts degree in international relations from Columbia University and another Master of Arts degree in national security and strategic studies from the Naval War College.[5] He is also an attendee of the MIT Center for International Studies Seminar XXI National Security Studies Program.[6]

Military career[]

Although Milley earned his commission as an Armor officer through Princeton's Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps program in 1980, he has spent most of his career in Infantry assignments.[7]

Milley has served in the 82nd Airborne Division, the 5th Special Forces Group,[8] the 7th Infantry Division, the 2nd Infantry Division, the Joint Readiness Training Center, the 25th Infantry Division, Operations Staff of the Joint Staff, and as a Military Assistant to the Secretary of Defense in the Pentagon.[9] In November 2000, he participated in the 2nd Annual Army-Navy Ice Hockey Game in Honolulu, Hawaii, a charity event benefiting youth ice hockey players in the area.[10][not in citation given]

General Milley has had multiple command and staff positions in eight divisions and Special Forces throughout the last 39 years to include command of the 1st Battalion, 506th Infantry, 2nd Infantry Division; Milley commanded the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division (Light) from December 2003 to July 2005, served as Deputy Commanding General (Operations), 101st Airborne Division from July 2007 to April 2008, and was Commander of the 10th Mountain Division from November 2011 to December 2012.[11] He then served as the Commanding General of III Corps, based at Fort Hood, Texas, from 2012 to 2014,[12] and as the Commanding General of United States Army Forces Command, based at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, from 2014 to 2015. He was appointed Chief of Staff of the United States Army on August 14, 2015.[13]

Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army[]

Mark Miley Army Chief of Staff

Mark Milley as Army Chief of Staff

Mark Milley and Danilo Errico 171017-A-EN604-050 (37195859524)

General Milley with the Italian Chief of Army Staff Lieutenant General Danilo Errico at the Pentagon

In his initial message to the U.S. Army, General Milley laid out his priorities on readiness, the future Army, and taking care of troops. "We must ensure the Army remains ready as the world's premier combat force. Readiness for ground combat is- and will remain- the U.S. Army's #1 priority. We will do what it takes to build an agile, adaptive Army of the future."[14]

Modernization and reform[]

During his tenure, Milley focused heavily on modernization efforts for the Army, which included a new command designed to consolidate the methods that deliver Army capabilities, similar to the approach used by U.S. Special Operations Command. At the 2017 Association of the United States Army annual meeting, Milley described the areas targeted for modernization, including tanks, aircraft and weapons. "Faster results will be obtained...as we shift to a SOCOM-like model of buy, try, decide and acquire rather than the current industrial-age linear model that takes years to establish requirements, decades to test, and it may take a long, long time to go from idea to delivery," Milley said. "If we adapt to the changing character of war, and we embrace the institutional changes that we need to implement, then we will continue to be the most lethal fighting force in the world for the next seven decades and beyond. If we do not, we will lose the next war," Milley warned.[15]

In February 2017, the Army announced the establishment of Security Force Assistance Brigades. Also known as SFABs, these permanent units were established in Fort Benning with a core mission to conduct security cooperation activities and serve as a quick response to combatant commander requirements.[16] While their training would be similar to that of Special Forces, soldiers in the SFABs would not be considered Special Forces, Milley said. "They will be trained in many ways similar to Special Forces, but they are not Special Forces." These SFABs will be structured using the non-commissioned and commissioned officers of infantry brigade combat teams to train foreign military units in conventional light infantry tactics, Milley said.[17]

In 2018, Milley established Army Futures Command in Austin, Texas, to take advantage of nearby academic and industrial expertise. Coequal in status to the Army's three senior most commands: Army Forces Command, Army Material Command, and Army Training and Doctrine Command, it represented one of the largest reform initiatives undertaken in more than forty years. Beyond developing future warfighting concepts, eight cross-functional teams conducted research to further the Army's modernization priorities: long-range precision fires, next-generation combat vehicles, air and missile defenses, soldier lethality, synthetic training environments, future vehicle lift platforms, and assured positioning, navigation, and timing.

In 2018, Milley also led the roll out of a new Army Combat Fitness Test. The new fitness test was designed to improve overall combat readiness and mimic physical tasks and stresses associated with combat and was set to replace the 40-year-old Army fitness test by October 2020.[18] "We want to make sure that our soldiers are ... in top physical shape to withstand the rigors of ground combat," Milley said. "Combat is not for the faint of heart, it's not for the weak-kneed, it's not for those who are not psychologically resilient and tough and hardened to the brutality, to the viciousness of it."[19] While the ACFT became the test of record for soldiers on Oct. 1, the Army is still working to finalize the evaluation, according to Sergeant Major of the Army Michael Grinston.[20] The COVID-19 outbreak forced Army leaders to pause all fitness testing in late March of this year to prevent the spread of the virus, a move that also paused the ACFT graduation requirement for new soldiers.[21]

Army Green Service Uniform[]

In early 2017, Milley and then-Sergeant Major of the Army Dan Dailey began considering the possibility of bringing back an iconic two-tone uniform known as the "Pinks and Greens" to honor the "greatest generation"of soldiers who fought in World War II.[22]

The Army believed the reintroduction of the uniform would give Soldiers a uniform for professional environments that honored the Army heritage, reconnect today's Soldier with their service history, strengthen pride, bolster recruiting and enhance readiness.[23] According to an Army Times poll conducted in the fall of 2018, of the 32,000 respondents, 72 percent indicated they were ready to embrace a new uniform, while 28 percent said they were happy with the current blue Army Service Uniform. Soldiers did express concerns about the need for an additional uniform as well as the costs associated with acquiring the new uniform.[24] The Army tried to address this concern in its official roll out announcement Nov. 11, 2018, indicating the uniform would be cost-neutral for enlisted Soldiers, who would be able to purchase the new "everyday business-wear uniform" with their existing annual clothing allowance. The Army also indicated the new uniform would come "at no additional cost to the American taxpayer"and would be "made in the USA." [25]

Following an initial testing and evaluation phase with recruiters, senior leaders, and members of the Old Guard and Army Band, the Army had to delay the issuing of the uniform at entry-level training locations due to production setbacks related to COVID-19.[26]

Iraq War study[]

Pentagon 9-11 remembrance ceremony 170911-D-SV709-662 (36332657404)

President Donald Trump with General Mark Milley following the 9/11 Observance Ceremony at the Pentagon, 2017

In 2018, Milley was involved in deciding whether the Army would publish a controversial study on the Iraq War. Milley reportedly decided he wanted to read the two-volume, 1,300-page, 500,000-word document before making a decision. Milley also directed that an external panel of scholars review the work. After the panel returned glowing reviews on the study, including one that described it as "the gold standard in official history", Milley continued to delay publication so he could review it further.[27]

In September 2018, Secretary of the Army Mark Esper and other Army officials decided to distance themselves from the study by casting it "as an independent" work of the authors, instead of being described as a project by the Chief of Staff of the Army's Operation Iraqi Freedom Study Group. When confronted by a journalist from The Wall Street Journal in October 2018, Milley reversed these decisions, ordering the study published officially and with a foreword from himself. He said the team who wrote the study "did a damn good job", the study itself was "a solid work", and that he aimed to publish the study by the holidays (2018).[27]

Within days of this revelation, two members of Congress who sit on the House Armed Services Committee (Reps. Jackie Speier, D-California, and Ruben Gallego, D-Arizona) sent a letter to Army leaders expressing their anger over the delay. In a press release accompanying the letter to Milley and Esper, Speier said, "This is simply the Army being unwilling to publicly air its mistakes. Our military, Congress, and the American people deserve nothing less than total transparency on the lessons the Army has identified so that we may use those lessons to avoid costly, and too often deadly, mistakes of the past."[28] The two-volume study was published January 17, 2019.[29][30][31]

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of staff[]

President Trump Watches as U.S

General Mark Milley as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in the White House Situation Room during the U.S. military raid on Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi in 2019

Esper Tours WWII Bois Jacques Foxhole Site in Belgium

Defense Secretary Mark Esper, General Milley, and members of the 101st Airborne Division tour the Bois Jacques during the 75th anniversary of the Battle of the Bulge

Mark Milley and Valery Gerasimov 191218-D-HD608-004 (49239131457)

General Milley with the Russian Chief of the General Staff General Valery Gerasimov at Bern, Switzerland

09JUL20-D-TT977-200 (50094947421)

Secretary of Defense Dr. Mark T. Esper and U.S. Army Gen. Mark A. Milley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff provide testimony to the House Armed Services Committee on Department of Defense authorities and roles related to civilian law enforcement in Washington D.C., July 9, 2020. (DOD photo by Chad J. McNeeley)

On December 8, 2018, President Donald Trump announced that he would nominate Milley to serve as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, although then-Secretary of Defense James Mattis and then-Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Joseph Dunford favored Air Force Chief of Staff General David L. Goldfein to be the next Chairman of The Joint Chiefs of Staff.[32][33][34][35][36] With Senate confirmation (89–1) on July 25[37][38] he was sworn in on September 30, 2019.[39][40][41][42]

After Milley was nominated, he headed a commission with other American military officials that were responsible for designing a report on the country's impending near-term impacts from climate change. The report, which was released in August 2019, stated that the country and its military would experience a total collapse within the next two decades due to collapses in the country's aging power grid and food supply, as well as the increased risk of infectious disease outbreaks globally. The report also mentions the likelihood of increasing water scarcity in developing countries, which would result in an increase of civil and military conflicts due to a failure in the global food system.[43][44]

After attending 75th anniversary commemorations of the Battle of the Bulge in Belgium and Luxembourg on December 16, 2019, Milley met with the Russian military chief of staff Valery Gerasimov in Bern, Switzerland, on December 18. This continued a series of regular meetings between the American and Russian military chiefs reestablished by Milley's predecessor Joseph Dunford in 2017 to ensure open communication and avoid conflict, especially in Syria.[45] The face-to-face meeting was arranged with the assistance of the incoming Swiss Chief of the Armed Forces Korpskommandant (Lieutenant General) Thomas Süssli.[46]

On June 1, 2020, during protests in Washington, D.C., in the wake of the killing of George Floyd, Milley joined National Guardsmen and various police forces assembling in Lafayette Square, across the street from the White House.[47] Minutes later, the troops and police used tear gas and other riot control tactics to disperse peaceable protestors so Trump could stage a photo-op at nearby St. John's Episcopal Church. About half an hour after that, Milley, in combat uniform, walked alongside the president from the White House to the church, drawing sharp criticism from former military officers and others.[48][49][50][51][52][53] Milley subsequently refused to testify in front of Congress regarding the military's role in the response to the protests.[54] He reportedly considered resigning over the incident,[55] but chose instead to address it in a video recorded as his commencement address to the National Defense University. In that speech, streamed on June 11, Milley said he should not have been at the event because his presence created a perception of military involvement in domestic politics.[56] Milley testified in front of Congress in July 2020 about the military's role in the George Floyd protests.[57]

During Trump's re-election campaign, he used images of Milley in ads. Milley said he did not give his consent to appear in the ads. Uniformed service members are forbidden from participating in political campaigns (see also Hatch Act and DODD 1344.10).[58]

Operational deployments[]

Milley has deployed for various military operations, including:

Awards and decorations[]

CIB2 Combat Infantryman Badge with Star (denoting 2nd award)
Expert Infantry Badge Expert Infantryman Badge
Einzelbild Special Forces (Special Forces Insignia) Special Forces Tab
Ranger Tab Ranger tab
Master Parachutist badge (United States) Master Parachutist Badge
SFDiver Special Operations Diver Badge
Joint Chiefs of Staff seal Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge
United States Army Staff Identification Badge Army Staff Identification Badge
Brevet Parachutiste French Parachutist Badge
US 101st Airborne Division patch 101st Airborne Division Combat Service Identification Badge
506 Inf Rgt DUI 506th Infantry Regiment Distinctive Unit Insignia
ArmyOSB 10 Overseas Service Bars
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Defense Distinguished Service ribbon
Defense Distinguished Service Medal with one bronze oak leaf cluster
Distinguished Service Medal ribbonBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3d Army Distinguished Service Medal with three oak leaf clusters
US Defense Superior Service Medal ribbonBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3d Defense Superior Service Medal with two bronze oak leaf clusters
Legion of Merit ribbonBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3d Legion of Merit with two oak leaf clusters
Width-44 scarlet ribbon with width-4 ultramarine blue stripe at center, surrounded by width-1 white stripes. Width-1 white stripes are at the edges.Bronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3d Bronze Star Medal with three oak leaf clusters
Silver oak leaf cluster
Meritorious Service ribbon
Meritorious Service Medal with silver oak leaf cluster
Army Commendation Medal ribbonBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3d Army Commendation Medal with four oak leaf clusters
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Army Achievement Medal ribbon
Army Achievement Medal with oak leaf cluster
Bronze oak leaf cluster
Joint Meritorious Unit Award ribbon
Joint Meritorious Unit Award with oak leaf cluster
Meritorious Unit Commendation ribbonBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3dBronze oakleaf-3d Meritorious Unit Commendation with three oak leaf clusters
Bronze star
National Defense Service Medal ribbon
National Defense Service Medal with one bronze service star
Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal ribbonBronze-service-star-3d-vectorBronze-service-star-3d-vector Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal with two service stars
Afghanistan Campaign ribbonBronze-service-star-3d-vectorBronze-service-star-3d-vectorBronze-service-star-3d-vector Afghanistan Campaign Medal with three campaign stars
Iraq Campaign Medal ribbonBronze-service-star-3d-vectorBronze-service-star-3d-vector Iraq Campaign Medal with two campaign stars
Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary ribbon Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal
Global War on Terrorism Service ribbon Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
Korea Defense Service ribbon Korea Defense Service Medal
Humanitarian Service ribbon Humanitarian Service Medal
Army Service Ribbon Army Service Ribbon
Army Overseas Service RibbonAward numeral 5 Army Overseas Service Ribbon with bronze award numeral 5
Bronze star
NATO Medal ISAF ribbon bar
NATO Medal for service with ISAF with bronze service star
MFO Ribbon bar Multinational Force and Observers Medal
Ordre national du Merite Commandeur ribbon French National Order of Merit, Commander[59]

Personal life[]

Milley is married to Hollyanne Milley, a cardiac nurse. They have two children.[1][60] During a 2020 Veterans Day ceremony at Arlington Cemetery, Hollyanne Milley saved the life of a veteran who had collapsed.[61]

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "General Mark A. Milley Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff". United States Department of Defense. https://www.defense.gov/Our-Story/Biographies/Biography/Article/614392/general-mark-a-milley/. Retrieved 15 November 2020. 
  2. ↑ "Chief of Staff of the Army | General Mark A. Milley". United States Army. https://www.army.mil/leaders/csa/?from=wiki. Retrieved December 11, 2018. 
  3. ↑ Berkowitz, Bram (August 27, 2015). "Winchester Native Mark A. Milley Becomes U.S. Army Chief of Staff". Winchester, MA. http://winchester.wickedlocal.com/article/20150827/NEWS/150827482. 
  4. ↑ Milley, Mark Alexander. "A Critical Analysis of Revolutionary Guerrilla Organization in Theory and Practice". In Princeton University. Department of Politics (in en). https://catalog.princeton.edu/catalog/dsp01cc08hh28h. 
  5. ↑ "General Mark A. Milley: Commanding General". United States Army. http://www.forscom.army.mil/cmd_staff/gen_milley/gen_milley.htm. Retrieved August 27, 2015. 
  6. ↑ Art, Robert (September 1, 2015). "From the Director: September, 2015". Massachusetts Institute of Technology. http://semxxi.mit.edu/about/messages/from-the-director. 
  7. ↑ Graham-Ashley, Heather (December 20, 2012). "III Corps' new commander views road ahead, training, support". III Corps and Fort Hood Public Affairs. http://www.army.mil/article/93394. Retrieved January 2, 2013. 
  8. ↑ Gal Perl Finkel, The IDF that Eisenkot leaves behind is ready, The Jerusalem Post, January 1, 2019.
  9. ↑ U.S. Army Forces Command, Commanding General Archived September 6, 2015, at the Wayback Machine., www.army.mil/forscom, dated August 15, 2014, last accessed August 15, 2015
  10. ↑ "Sports: Army-Navy duel on ice". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. November 8, 2000. http://archives.starbulletin.com/2000/11/08/sports/hawaiibeat.html. 
  11. ↑ Block, Gordon (December 4, 2012). "Fort Drum welcomes new 10th Mountain Division commander at ceremony". Watertown Daily Times. http://www.watertowndailytimes.com/article/20121204/NEWS03/712049844. Retrieved January 2, 2013. 
  12. ↑ Michelle Tan, Staff writer (May 13, 2015). "Gen. Mark Milley picked for Army chief of staff". Army Times. http://www.armytimes.com/story/military/pentagon/2015/05/13/new-army-chief-of-staff-named/27232781/. 
  13. ↑ Michelle Tan, Staff writer (August 14, 2015). "Milley takes over as new chief of staff; Odierno retires". Army Times. http://www.armytimes.com/story/military/pentagon/2015/08/14/milley-takes-over-new-chief-staff-odierno-retires/31728117/. 
  14. ↑ Mark Milley (September 9, 2015). "39th Chief of Staff Initial Message to the Army". https://www.army.mil/article/154803/39th_chief_of_staff_initial_message_to_the_army/. 
  15. ↑ Cox, Matthew (October 10, 2017). "Army Chief: Modernization Reform Means New Tanks, Aircraft, Weapons". https://www.military.com/daily-news/2017/10/10/army-chief-modernization-reform-means-new-tanks-aircraft-weapons.html. 
  16. ↑ "Army creates Security Force Assistance Brigade and Military Advisor Training Academy at Fort Benning". February 16, 2017. https://www.army.mil/article/182646/army_creates_security_force_assistance_brigade_and_military_advisor_training_academy_at_fort_benning. 
  17. ↑ Cox, Matthew (October 9, 2017). "Army Chief: Train and Advise Troops 'Are Not Special Forces'". https://www.military.com/daily-news/2017/10/09/army-chief-train-advise-troops-not-special-forces.html. 
  18. ↑ https://www.wnct.com/news/new-army-combat-fitness-test-holds-pilot-program-in-winterville/
  19. ↑ https://www.military.com/daily-news/2018/10/08/army-chief-pass-new-combat-fitness-test-or-hit-road.html
  20. ↑ https://www.stripes.com/news/us/army-s-new-fitness-test-to-be-implemented-in-october-but-scores-won-t-count-for-some-time-1.633882
  21. ↑ https://www.military.com/daily-news/2020/10/07/soldiers-wont-have-pass-army-combat-fitness-test-graduate-initial-training.html
  22. ↑ https://www.military.com/daily-news/2017/11/03/army-close-finalizing-pinks-greens-uniform-all-soldiers.html
  23. ↑ https://www.army.mil/standto/archive/2018/01/10/
  24. ↑ https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2018/10/05/poll-army-times-readers-are-all-the-way-in-for-pinks-greens-but-the-comments-section-tells-another-story/
  25. ↑ https://www.army.mil/article/213650
  26. ↑ https://taskandpurpose.com/news/army-green-uniform-fielding-bases
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Gordon, Michael R. (October 22, 2018). "The Army Stymied Its Own Study of the Iraq War". https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-army-ordered-an-unvarnished-iraq-war-historythen-let-it-languish-1540220153. 
  28. ↑ South, Todd (October 25, 2018). "Army's detailed Iraq war study remains unpublished years after completion". https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2018/10/25/armys-detailed-iraq-war-study-remains-unpublished-years-after-completion/. 
  29. ↑ The U.S. Army in the Iraq War, 2003–2006: Invasion, Insurgency, Civil War (Report). 1. U.S. Army War College Press. January 17, 2019. https://publications.armywarcollege.edu/pubs/3667.pdf. 
  30. ↑ The U.S. Army in the Iraq War, 2007–2011: Surge and Withdrawal (Report). 2. U.S. Army War College Press. January 17, 2019. https://publications.armywarcollege.edu/pubs/3668.pdf. 
  31. ↑ Todd South (January 18, 2019). "Army's long-awaited Iraq war study finds Iran was the only winner in a conflict that holds many lessons for future wars". Army Times. https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2019/01/18/armys-long-awaited-iraq-war-study-finds-iran-was-the-only-winner-in-a-conflict-that-holds-many-lessons-for-future-wars/. 
  32. ↑ "Trump chooses new Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman, against Mattis wishes". December 9, 2018. https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/trump-chooses-new-joint-chiefs-of-staff-chairman-against-mattis-wishes/1436403. 
  33. ↑ Hirsh, Michael (December 20, 2018). "Mattis Quits Over Differences With Trump". https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/12/20/mattis-quits-over-differences-with-trump-defense-secretary/. 
  34. ↑ Mehta, Aaron (July 25, 2019). "Senate confirms Milley as chairman of the Joint Chiefs". https://www.defensenews.com/pentagon/2019/07/25/milley-confirmation/#:~:text=WASHINGTON%20%E2%80%94%20Army%20Gen.,vote%20in%20the%20Senate%20Thursday.. 
  35. ↑ "Donald Trump makes it official: Gen. Mark Milley to chair Joint Chiefs of Staff". https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/12/08/trump-says-gen-mark-milley-chair-joint-chiefs-staff/2249369002/. 
  36. ↑ Bowman, Tom (December 8, 2019). "Meet Mark Milley, Trump's Pick For Joint Chiefs Chairman". NPR. https://www.npr.org/2018/12/08/674935309/meet-mark-milley-trumps-pick-for-joint-chiefs-chairman. Retrieved October 1, 2019. 
  37. ↑ "On the Nomination (Confirmation: General Mark A. Milley to be Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff)". United States Senate. July 25, 2019. https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=116&session=1&vote=00230. 
  38. ↑ Cooper, Helene (September 29, 2019). "How Mark Milley, a General Who Mixes Bluntness and Banter, Became Trump's Top Military Adviser". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/29/us/politics/mark-milley-chairman-joint-chiefs.html. Retrieved October 1, 2019. 
  39. ↑ Macias, Amanda (September 30, 2019). "Trump oversees swearing-in of Gen. Mark Milley as the new chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff". CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/30/trump-watches-as-gen-mark-milley-becomes-chairman-of-joint-chiefs.html. Retrieved October 1, 2019. 
  40. ↑ Babb, Carla (September 30, 2019). "New Top US Military Officer Takes Helm Amid Iran Tensions, Afghan Violence". Voice of America. https://www.voanews.com/usa/new-top-us-military-officer-takes-helm-amid-iran-tensions-afghan-violence. Retrieved October 1, 2019. 
  41. ↑ Baldor, Lolita C. (September 30, 2019). "Gen. Milley faces challenges as next Joint Chiefs chairman". Associated Press. https://www.apnews.com/58a1cfe95c50432e9e0964f7f075211d. Retrieved October 1, 2019. 
  42. ↑ Golby, Jim (October 1, 2019). "President Trump tapped Gen. Mark Milley as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Here are 3 things to know.". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/10/01/president-trump-tapped-gen-mark-milley-chairman-joint-chiefs-staff-here-are-things-know/. Retrieved October 1, 2019. 
  43. ↑ Ahmed, Nameez (October 24, 2019). "U.S. Military Could Collapse Within 20 Years Due to Climate Change, Report Commissioned By Pentagon Says". VICE. https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/mbmkz8/us-military-could-collapse-within-20-years-due-to-climate-change-report-commissioned-by-pentagon-says. Retrieved July 2, 2020. 
  44. ↑ Implications of Climate Change for the U.S. Army (Report). U.S. Army War College Press. August 2019. https://climateandsecurity.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/implications-of-climate-change-for-us-army_army-war-college_2019.pdf. 
  45. ↑ Detsch, Jack (December 18, 2019). "Intel: Top US and Russian generals link up to talk Syria". https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2019/12/russia-us-generals-talk-syria-military-gerasimov-milley.html. Retrieved December 27, 2019. 
  46. ↑ Hashmi, Faizan (December 19, 2019). "Russian General Staff Chief, Top Swiss Army Commander Meet in Bern – Defense Ministry". https://www.urdupoint.com/en/world/russian-general-staff-chief-top-swiss-army-c-790924.html. Retrieved December 27, 2019. 
  47. ↑ "The crackdown before Trump's photo op: How law enforcement cleared protesters outside the White House" (in en). https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/2020/06/08/timeline-trump-church-photo-op/. 
  48. ↑ "Pentagon Distances Leaders From Trump Photo Op". US News. 2020. https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2020-06-02/pentagon-distances-esper-milley-from-trumps-church-photo-op. 
  49. ↑ Schmitt, Eric; Cooper, Helene; Gibbons-Neff, Thomas; Haberman, Maggie (June 3, 2020). "Esper Breaks With Trump on Using Troops Against Protesters" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/03/us/politics/esper-milley-trump-protest.html. 
  50. ↑ "Trump's church photo-op took Esper, Milley by surprise" (in en). https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/trump-s-church-photo-op-took-defense-secretary-esper-gen-n1222391. 
  51. ↑ Spinelli, Dan. "Top general defends his actions after appearing in Trump photo op" (in en-US). https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2020/06/top-general-defends-his-actions-after-appearing-in-trump-photo-op/. 
  52. ↑ "Trump Finally Gets the War He Wanted". https://www.defenseone.com/ideas/2020/06/trump-finally-gets-war-he-wanted/165825/. 
  53. ↑ Robert Kagan (June 2, 2020). "The Battle of Lafayette Square and the undermining of American democracy". https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why-mark-milley-striding-behind-trump-through-lafayette-square-was-so-troubling/2020/06/02/81ef5388-a503-11ea-b473-04905b1af82b_story.html. 
  54. ↑ Cohen, Zachary. "Esper and Milley refuse to testify about military's role in policing protests, source says". https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/05/politics/esper-milley-refuse-to-testify-house-armed-services-committee/index.html. 
  55. ↑ "Milley discussed resigning over role in Trump's church photo op" (in en). https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/joint-chiefs-chairman-milley-discussed-resigning-over-role-trump-s-n1230116. 
  56. ↑ Live Updates on George Floyd Protests: Top General Apologizes for Role in Trump Photo Op, The New York Times, June 11, 2020
  57. ↑ "Esper And Milley Testify On Military's Role in Handling Recent Protests" (in en). https://www.npr.org/2020/07/09/889502158/esper-and-milley-testify-on-militarys-role-in-handling-recent-protests. 
  58. ↑ Seligman, Lara. "Top general did not give his consent to be used in Trump political ad" (in en). https://www.politico.com/news/2020/10/12/top-general-trump-ad-consent-429112. 
  59. ↑ "U.S. Embassy France". Twitter.com. November 11, 2018. https://twitter.com/USEmbassyFrance/status/1061674118314147841. Retrieved November 12, 2018. 
  60. ↑ Lubold, Gordon (13 November 2020). "Hollyanne Milley, Wife of Joint Chiefs Chairman, Saved Man's Life on Veterans Day". https://www.wsj.com/articles/hollyanne-milley-wife-of-joint-chiefs-chairman-saved-mans-life-on-veterans-day-11605285598. Retrieved 15 November 2020. 
  61. ↑ Lubold, Gordon (2020-11-13). "Hollyanne Milley, Wife of Joint Chiefs Chairman, Saved Man's Life on Veterans Day" (in en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/hollyanne-milley-wife-of-joint-chiefs-chairman-saved-mans-life-on-veterans-day-11605285598. 

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Military offices
Preceded by
James Terry 		Commanding General of the 10th Mountain Division
2011–2012 		Succeeded by
Stephen Townsend
Preceded by
Donald Campbell 		Commanding General of III Corps
2012–2014 		Succeeded by
Sean MacFarland
Preceded by
James Terry 		Commanding General of ISAF-Joint Command
2013–2014 		Succeeded by
Joseph Anderson
Preceded by
Daniel Allyn 		Commanding General, United States Army Forces Command
2014–2015 		Succeeded by
Robert B. Abrams
Preceded by
Raymond T. Odierno 		Chief of Staff of the United States Army
2015–2019 		Succeeded by
James C. McConville
Preceded by
Joseph Dunford 		Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
2019–present 		Incumbent
Order of precedence
Preceded by
Barbara Barrett
as Secretary of the Air Force 		Order of Precedence of the United States
as Chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 		Succeeded by
Jerome Powell
as Chair of the Federal Reserve


Flag of the United States
Flag of the Chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff



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