Malaysian Army

Malaysian Army Tentera Darat Malaysia تنترا دارت مليسيا
Flag and Crest of Malaysian Army army.mod.gov.my
Active	Since 1 March 1933, but started under Penang rifle volunteers in 1861
Country	Malaysia
Allegiance	King of Malaysia
Branch	Malaysian Armed Forces
Type	Army
Role	Defence and Dominance of Malaysia's soil
Size	80,000 active personnel 50,000 reserve
Motto(s)	Gagah Setia (English: Strong and Loyal)
Colors	Red and       Gold
Anniversaries	1 March
Engagements	World War II 1st Malayan Emergency (1948-1960) 2nd Malayan Emergency (1968-1989) Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation United Nations Operation in the Congo Battle of Mogadishu Kosovo War United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group 2006 East Timorese Crisis (OA) MALCON-UNIFIL United Nations Protection Force ISAF 2013 Lahad Datu standoff
Commanders
Commander-in-Chief	Tuanku Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong
Ceremonial chief	General Raja Mohamed Affandi Raja Mohamed Noor

The Malaysian Army (Malay language: Tentera Darat Malaysia; Jawi: تنترا دارت مليسيا) is the land component of the Malaysian Armed Forces. Steeped in British Army traditions, the Malaysian Army does not carry the title ‘royal’ (diraja) as do the Royal Malaysian Air Force and the Royal Malaysian Navy. Instead, the title is bestowed on selected army corps and regiments who have been accorded the honour by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, who is the Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces.

History

Circa October 1941, Malay Regiment operatives at a bayonet practice before the Battle of Singapore.

The first military units in Malaysia can be traced back to the Malay States Volunteer Rifles which existed from 1915 to 1936. The birth of the Malaysian Army came about when the Federal Council of the Federated Malay States passed the Malay Regiment Bill on 23 January 1933. This allowed the initial recruitment of 25 males for the First Experimental Malay Company on 1 March 1933. Major G. McI. S. Bruce of the Lincolnshire Regiment was the first Commanding Officer.

By 1 January 1935, the Experimental Company became The Malay Regiment with a complement of 150 men. A battalion was formed on 1 January 1938 and eventually a second battalion on 1 December 1941.

The 1st Bn Malay Regiment was famous for its defence of Opium Hill or Bukit Chandu in Singapore. The ‘Battle of Opium Hill’ on 14 February 1942 involved 42 soldiers commanded by Lt. Adnan Bin Saidi who defended their position against attack from the 18th Division of the Japanese Imperial Army under Lt. Gen. Renya Mutaguchi. After World War II and during the Malayan Emergency, the number of battalions was increased to 7 in the early 50s.

The Kor Armor DiRaja (Royal Armoured Corps) can trace its roots to the formation on 1 September 1952 of the Federation Reconnaissance Squadron. It was later merged with the Federation Regiment to form the Federation Reconnaissance Corps. The name underwent a few transformations from the Malaysian Reconnaissance Corps (16 September 1967), Royal Malaysian Reconnaissance Corps (May 1979) to Royal Cavalry Corps (December 1979) and finally to Kor Armor DiRaja (Royal Armoured Corps) on 8 December 1986.

Organization and structure

1st Div

2nd Div

3rd Div
and
10th Abn Bde

4th Div

11th Bde

Special
Forces
Bde

Malaysian Army major combat unit locations
Source: Jane's World Armies Issue 23, 2008

See also Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces

The Malaysian Army is currently organised into five Divisions and are placed under the Field Army Headquarters. Three of which (the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Divisions) are based in the Malaysian Peninsular, while the fourth and the fifth(the 1st in Sarawak and the new 5th Division in Sabah) is based in East Malaysia. The Grup Gerak Khas (Special Forces group), 10th Parachute Brigade and the Pasukan Udara Tentera Darat (army aviation) are independent formations and directly subordinate to the Chief of the Army.

The Malaysian Army currently has 17 Corps or Regiments. These are grouped into 3 main components: the Combat Element, the Combat Support Element and the Support Elements.

Soldiers from the Malaysian Army secure a portion of jungle after arriving in a landing craft, air cushion, (LCAC) vehicle from USS Boxer (LHD-4) during Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) Malaysia.

Rank Structure

The Malaysian Army uses a rank structure [1] inherited from the British Army. the Malaysian Army rank structure has 17 levels from Private (Prebet) to General (Jeneral). These ranks are divided into 2 groups - Officer (Pegawai) and Other Ranks (Lain-Lain Pangkat) which includes the Non-Commissioned Officer (Pegawai Tanpa Tauliah) ranks.

Officers

Officers are sub-divided into 3 groups:-

Senior Officers This group consists of officers holding the ranks of Lieutenant Colonel (Leftenan Kolonel), Colonel (Kolonel), Brigadier General (Brigedier Jeneral), Major General (Mejar Jeneral), Lieutenant General (Leftenan Jeneral) and General (Jeneral)

Field Officers Field Officers are officers holding the rank of Major (Mejar)

Junior Officers This group consists of Second Lieutenant (Leftenan Muda), Lieutenant (Leftenan) and Captain (Kapten) grade officers.

Other Ranks This group begins at Private (Prebet) and works its way up to Warrant Officer I (Pegawai Waran I). This is further subdivided into 3 groups:

Senior NCO (PTT Kanan) This group includes NCOs holding the rank of Sergeant (Sarjan), Staff Sergeant (Staff Sarjan), Warrant Officer II (Pegawai Waran II) and Warrant Officer I (Pegawai Waran I).

Junior NCO (PTT Rendah) This group includes NCOs holding the rank of Lance Corporal (Lans Koperal) and Corporal (Koperal).

Private (Prebet) Private soldiers in the Malaysian Army do not wear any rank devices on their uniform. There are no distinctions made between junior or senior Privates.

Corps and regiments

• Rejimen Askar Melayu DiRaja (Royal Malay Regiment)
• Rejimen Renjer DiRaja (Royal Ranger Regiment)
• Rejimen Sempadan (Border Regiment)
• Kor Armor DiRaja (Royal Armoured Corps)
• Rejimen Artileri DiRaja (Royal Artillery Regiment)
• Rejimen Semboyan DiRaja (Royal Signals Regiment)
• Kor Perkhidmatan Am (General Services Corps)
• Kor Polis Tentera DiRaja (Royal Military Police Corps);
• Kor Kesihatan DiRaja (Royal Medical Corps)
• Kor Risik DiRaja (Royal Intelligence Corps)
• Kor Perkhidmatan DiRaja (Royal Logistics Corps);
• Kor Ordnans DiRaja (Royal Ordnance Corps)
• Rejimen Askar Jurutera DiRaja (Royal Engineer Regiment)
• Kor Jurutera Letrik dan Jentera DiRaja (Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineer Corps)
• Kor Agama Angkatan Tentera (Religious Corps of the Armed Forces of Malaysia)
• Rejimen Askar Wataniah (Territorial Army Regiment)
• Rejimen Gerak Khas (Special Forces Regiment)
• Pasukan Udara Tentera Darat (Army Air Corps)

Combat element

Malaysian Army Condor APC's in Somalia (UNOSOM II)

• Rejimen Askar Melayu DiRaja (Royal Malay Regiment)

This is the most senior regiment of the Malaysian Army. Its ranks are recruited from amongst the Malay population. The Regiment has 25 battalions. The 1st Battalion, the most senior in the Regiment, currently undertakes ceremonial and Royal Guard duties. The remainder are configured as 20 Standard Infantry Battalions, two Mechanised Infantry Battalions and two Parachute Infantry Battalions. The regiment uses rifle green berets except two battalions that wear maroon berets. See 17 RAMD Para Weblog The 19th Bn Royal Malay Regiment (Mech) was involved in the rescue of US Rangers and Delta Force operatives in Somalia during the Battle of Mogadishu. The unit of 32 Radpanzer Condor APCs and 113 men from MALBATT 1 went in with the United States 10th Mountain Division to rescue the trapped Rangers. Four APCs were immobilised and were destroyed by US helicopter gunships. 19 Royal Malay Regiment suffered 1 soldier killed in action (KIA), PFC Mat Aznan Awang while 8 others were wounded in action (WIA). Pfc Mat Aznan Awang was later promoted posthumously to Corporal and was awarded with Pingat Seri Pahlawan Gagah Perkasa, the nation's highest gallantry award. In total, 7 officers and 26 NCOs were awarded various medals for their valour during the operation, the highest number of men recommended for medals in a single unit in a single operation.

Kapten Norul Hisyam of the 8th Royal Ranger Regiment, Malaysian Army, teaches patrol, ambush, and jungle attack to U.S. Marines and sailors.

• Rejimen Renjer DiRaja (Royal Ranger Regiment)

This is a multi-racial unit organised along similar lines to the Rejimen Askar Melayu DiRaja. There are currently 10 battalions within this regiment. The Regiment traces its roots to the Sarawak Rangers and the Sarawak Constabulary, famed jungle trackers who had a deadly reputation during the Malayan Emergency and during the Communist Party of Malaya’s insurgency in Malaysia. The 8th Bn Royal Ranger Regiment (8 Renjer) was the first infantry battalion in the Malaysian Army to undergo conversion into an airborne battalion. The unit is currently assigned to the elite 10 Brigade (Para). The Malaysian Army's most decorated soldier, WOI (Rtd) Kanang anak Langkau was a Regimental Sergeant Major of 8 Ranger .

• Rejimen Sempadan (Border Regiment)

This is a newly created regiment from the 300 series Territorial Army units in charge of the border. The Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister Dato Seri Najib Tun Razak announced on 1 July 2006 the formation of a new regiment specifically for border patrol. Members of the regiment will be taken from various regiments and corps, most notably from the Rejimen Askar Wataniah. It is believed that the army will form about 2 to 3 brigades of this new regiment. The new regiment was officially raised on 9 February 2008 by Najib Tun Razak at Tanah Merah, Kelantan.

• Kor Armor DiRaja (Royal Armoured Corps) provides the armour capability for the Malaysian Army. Currently, the Corps consists of 5 battalions (sometimes errantly referred to as Regiments), which are equipped with various armoured personnel carriers (SIBMAS AFSV-90, Rheinmetall Condor, K-200 MIFV) and light combat vehicles. Rejimen ke-11 of the Kor Armor DiRaja is the sole user of 48 PT-91M Main Battle Tanks from Poland.

Combat Support element

• Rejimen Artileri Diraja (Royal Artillery Regiment) is the artillery corps of the Malaysian Army and provides artillery support and local air defense for army units. The regiment is equipped with 36 Brazilian-made Astros II multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS) and 28 G5 MkIII towed artillery guns from South Africa. Air defense is provided using a mix of Swiss Oerlikon twin 35 mm and Swedish Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft artillery and missile systems such as the Jernas and Starburst from the UK, Anza from Pakistan, FN-6 from China and Igla from Russia.

• Rejimen Semboyan Diraja (Royal Signals Regiment) is in charge of strategic communication, tactical communications, electronic warfare and early warning systems such as radar.

• Kor Polis Tentera DiRaja (Royal Military Police Corps) deploys as part of the field army, in support of army operations, and enforces proper conduct among army personnel. Aside from being responsible for base security, the military police are also tasked with preventing and investigating criminal activities on army property or by military personnel.

• Rejimen Askar Jurutera DiRaja (Royal Engineers Regiment) is tasked with demolitions, bridge-laying and the repair of military infrastructure, such as airbase runways, or clearing obstacles in emergency situations.

• Kor Jurutera Letrik dan Jentera DiRaja (Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers Corps) is responsible for the maintenance of all vehicles and machinery of the Malaysian Army.

• Kor Risik DiRaja (Royal Intelligence Corps) specializes in psychological warfare (psyops), surveillance, intelligence, reconnaissance and counter-intelligence operations. Aside from handling propaganda and counter-propaganda, the corps is also tasked with conducting background checks on recruits when they first enroll in any training courses.

Support elements

• Kor Ordnans DiRaja (Royal Ordnance Corps) ensures that all military supplies and ordnance are stored, secured and inventoried properly.

• Kor Agama Angkatan Tentera (Armed Forces Religious Corps) (KAGAT) performs religious (chaplainry) services for Muslim and Christian personnel of the Malaysian Army. It also provides counselling and conducts ritual prayers on the battlefield.

• Kor Perkhidmatan DiRaja (Royal Logistics Corps) is in charge of transporting troops and supplies to the various units of the Malaysian Army.

• Kor Kesihatan DiRaja (Royal Medical Corps) provides training for Army medics and other specialists. It runs the Armed Forces hospitals and provides the battlefield mobile hospitals. The unit has also provided relief MALMEDTIMs (Malaysian Medical Teams) to Pakistan, Afghanistan [2], West Sahara, Indonesia and Palestine.

• Kor Perkhidmatan Am (General Services Corps) handles administration and financial management for the entire army.

Special Forces

• Rejimen Gerak Khas (Special Forces Regiment) is the Malaysian Army's special forces and commando regiment. 21 Gerup Gerak Khas is the operational home of various specialists and the Commando battalions, which are capable of conducting unconventional warfare or special operations. One of the known foreign operations involving this regiment lead by the lagendary Kolonel Amsyar was in an attack by Somali militia on a convoy transporting UN Intelligence Chief in UNOSOM II on 18 July 1994. In the action, two members of the regiment were killed in action, while another four were wounded. Kolonel Amsyar survived during the firefight and kill hundreds of militia. One of the injured men was taken hostage by the militia and was released nine hours later.

• 10 Paratrooper Brigade is an elite airborne unit tasked with being rapidly deployed inside or outside the boundaries of Malaysia. 10th Para is the key element of the Malaysian Rapid Deployment Force (Pasukan Aturgerak Cepat; PAC) and it is Malaysia primary main offensive force in time of war or emergencies.

Air unit

• Pasukan Udara Tentera Darat (Army Air Corps) is the Army Aviation branch formed around a core of Royal Malaysian Air Force officers. This new Army formation is tasked with liaison duties, providing limited transport capabilities, close air support and also air reconnaissance using light observation helicopters. The unit currently has one squadron, No. 881 Squadron, which is equipped with 11 Agusta A109 light helicopters. The main Army Air Corps base is located in Kluang, Johor.

Reserves

• Rejimen Askar Wataniah (Territorial Army) forms the second line of Malaysia's defence. Formed by college students, professionals and civilians, it provides support for the regular armed forces of Malaysia and is responsible for the security of key installations in times of conflict. Originally tasked with area and local defence, the Rejimen Askar Wataniah units have been reconfigured and will perform front line duties alongside regular units when the need arises. Rejimen Askar Wataniah units, such as armoured squadrons, are integral units of several Kor Armor DiRaja regiments.

Strength

The personnel strength of the Malaysian Army is approximately 80,000 personnel in the Active Army, 50,000 in the Active Reserve and 26,600 active and 244,700 reservists in the Paramilitary.

The Malaysian Army consists of 4 infantry divisions, 9 infantry brigades, 1 special forces brigade, 1 airborne brigade and 1 mechanised brigade, composed of:

• 36 Light Infantry Battalions
• 3 Airborne Infantry Battalions
• 3 Mechanized Infantry Battalions
• 5 Armoured battalions (1 Tank Regiment)
• 1 light tank squadron
• 13 Artillery Regiments (3 Air Defence)
• 3 Special Forces Regiments
• 3 field engineer regiments
• 1 airborne infantry squadron
• 1 construction regiment
• 4 military police regiments
• 1 signals regiment
• 1 intelligence unit
• 1 helicopter squadron

The territorial army includes:

• 16 light infantry regiments
• 2 border surveillance brigades
• 5 highway surveillance battalions
• 2 field engineer regiments

Equipment

Infantry Weapons

Picture	Model	Type	Caliber	Version	Origin	Notes
Pistol
File:Browning HP West German Police.jpg	Browning Hi-Power	Semi-Automatic Pistol	9x19mm Parabellum	Standard	Belgium	Standard issue sidearms for senior-rank officers and special forces
	Heckler & Koch P9	Semi-Automatic Pistol	9x19mm Parabellum	Standard	Germany	Issued to some infantry units
Assault rifle
	Steyr AUG	Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO	AUG A1	Austria	Made under license by SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd. Standard issue
	M4 carbine	Assault rifle/Carbine	5.56×45mm NATO	M4A1	United States	Made under license by SME Ordnance Sdn Bhd. Standard issue
	M16	Assault rifle	5.56×45mm NATO	M16A1	United States	In service with reserve and Territorial Army Regiment
	M16	Carbine	5.56×45mm NATO	Model 653	United States	In service with 10 Paratrooper Brigade
Sniper Rifles
	Harris Gun Works M-96	Sniper Rifles	.50 BMG	Standard	United States
	Accuracy International Arctic Warfare	Sniper Rifles	7.62×51mm NATO	PM/AW Variant	United Kingdom
	Denel NTW-20	Anti-materiel rifle	20 × 82mm	Standard	South Africa
Machine Guns
	FN Minimi	Light machine gun	5.56x45mm NATO	Standard	West Germany
	HK21	General-purpose machine guns	7.62×51mm NATO	HK21E	West Germany
	FN MAG	General-purpose machine guns	7.62×51mm NATO	FN MAG 58	Belgium
	M2 Browning	Heavy machine guns	12.7×99mm NATO	M2HB	United States
Grenade Launcher
	Mk 19 grenade launcher	Grenade launcher	40mm grenade	Standard	United States
	Milkor MGL	Grenade launcher	40mm grenade	Mk1	South Africa
	M203	Grenade launcher	40mm grenade	Standard	United States	Attached to M4 and M16
Mortar
	L16 81mm mortar	Mortar	81mm mortar	Standard	United Kingdom

Special Forces Equipment

Further information: Malaysian Special Operations Force Equipment

Tanks

Picture	Vehicle	Origin	Type	Inventory	Notes
	PT-91M Pendekar	Poland	Main Battle Tank	48	Not including 15 as a support vehicles. Has 125mm main gun and Equipped with ERAWA 3 Explosive Reactive Armour and SAGEM Savan-15 fire control system
File:Irish Scorpion Tank.JPG	FV101 Scorpion	United Kingdom	Light tank	26	Converted to light tank. Armed with Cockerill 90mm main gun

Armoured Vehicle

Picture	Vehicle	Origin	Type	Inventory	Notes
	ACV 300 Adnan	Turkey	Infantry fighting vehicle	267	Includes ambulance, ARV, command post vehicle and 81mm & 120mm mortar carrier versions. 259 ACV-300 and 8 ACV-S.
	K-200 KIFV	Republic of Korea	Infantry fighting vehicle	103	Malaysian Army operate the upgraded variant (K200A1)
	Alvis Stormer	United Kingdom	Light armoured vehicles	25
	Deftech AV8	Turkey/Malaysia	Amphibious armored fighting vehicle	257	A prototype has been delivered by 2011 for final approval, and the order is expected to be filled between 2012 and 2015. 257 units will locally produced by the local company DRB-HICOM Defence Technologies Sdn Bhd (Deftech)
	SIBMAS	Belgium	Armoured fire support vehicles	186	Including 24 as armoured recovery vehicle. Armed with Cockerill 90mm main gun
	Condor APC	Germany	Armored personnel carrier	315	Originally 460 units. Some were lost in the Battle of Mogadishu (1993) and others were used for peacekeeping missions in various countries
	URO VAMTAC	Spain	Multi-purpose armoured vehicle	85	Multi-purpose armoured vehicle that strongly similar to U.S made Humvee. Mostly equipped with Mk 19 40mm AGL and M2 Browning HMG. 25 units are as Igla anti-air missile launcher platform

Utility Vehicles

Vehicle	Origin	Type	Notes
HICOM Handalan I/II	Malaysia	Troop carrier truck
Bandvagn 206	Sweden	All-terrain carrier	Saab ARTHUR radar mounted on for artillery hunting
AV-VBL	Brazil	Artillery command vehicle
IVECO M4010	Italy	Field Ambulance
IVECO M4012	Italy	Satellite Communication Vehicle
Land Rover Defender	United Kingdom	Multi-purpose vehicle
Mercedes-Benz G-Class	Germany	Multi-purpose/light assault vehicle	GD290
All Terrain Mobility Platform	United Kingdom	Air-mobile vehicle	Used by army airborne unit

Major weaponary

Air-Defense Missiles

MBDA Rapier Jernas

Type	Origin	Version	In service	Notes
MBDA Rapier	United Kingdom	Jernas	15 Launchers
Starburst surface-to-air missile	United Kingdom	Standard	48	VML / LML Launchers
Fei Nu-6	China	Standard	60
Anza (missile)	Pakistan	Standard	500
9K38 Igla	Soviet Union	SA-18	40

Anti Tank Missiles

Carl Gustav recoilless rifle

Type	Origin	Version	In service	Notes
Baktar-Shikan	Pakistan	Standard	38
MBDA ERYX	France	Standard	24
9K115 Metis	Soviet Union	Standard	18
9K115-2 Metis-M	Soviet Union	Standard	29
SS.11	France			Phased out
C90-CR (M3)	Spain
Carl Gustav recoilless rifle	Sweden	M2	236
M40 recoilless rifle	United States	Standard	24
RPG-7	Soviet Union	Standard

Artillery

ASTROS-II MLRS has prove its efficiency in providing artillery support leading to another 18 additional orders

Type	Origin	Version	In service	Notes
Astros II MLRS	Brazil	Keris 300MM	36	Excluding 10× AV-VBL Artillery Command Vehicles
Denel G5 howitzer	South Africa	Howitzer Mk.3	22
VSEL FH-70	European Union	Standard	12
OTO Melara Mod 56	Italy	Standard	110	Pack Howitzer
M102 howitzer	United States	Standard	40	Pack Howitzer
Oerlikon 35 mm twin cannon	Switzerland	Standard	16	Anti Aircraft Artillery (AAA)
Bofors 40 mm gun	Sweden	L/70	36	Anti-aircraft/multi-purpose autocannon

Army Air Wing

See also Malaysian Army Aviation

Photo	Aircraft	Origin	Versions	In service	Notes
	AgustaWestland AW109	Italy	A109LUH	11	Generally used for observation but can be equipped with rocket pod and machineguns for light attack

Present Development

Since the recovery from the 1997 economic crisis, MA, along with other branches of the MAF, has regained momentum in its modernizing programs. The first major procurement was to set a milestone by building its first ever main battle tank regiment. MA received delivery of 48 PT-91M main battle tanks and other tank-based equipment, like ARV WZT-4 from Poland, fully completed contract of sale in March 2010. Despite adding some 28 units of South African G5 Mk III 155 mm howitzers, another major procurement was 18 units of Astros MRLS from Brazil, which delivery was completed in 2006. A second batch of 18 MRLS was ordered in 2007. MA is also rapidly mechanizing its current inventory - 211 Adnan IFVs (Infantry Fighting Vehicle) were acquired by the army in 2004. Following a more recent procurement of the Pakistani Bakhtar-Shikan Anti-armor missile launcher, these were installed on the Adnans.

MA is now shifting its emphasis on enhancing its air wing. In September 2006, MA received its 11th and last Agusta-Westland A109H Light Utility Helicopter. These helicopters are to initially complement, and ultimately replace, the aging SA316B Aérospatiale Alouette III helicopters. Six of them were to be installed with light arms and to be tasked to a scout observation unit; a sample was shown in LIMA 07. The configuration of the remainder is unclear. Furthermore, the army will also receive S61A-4 Nuri multipurpose helicopters after they are retired from RMAF; these will form the backbone of the army’s very first air transport units - 881 and 882 squadrons of the army air wing.

In the same year, at the biannual Defence Services Asia (DSA) 2006, Malaysia announced that the U.S. made M4 Carbine service rifle will replace the Austrian made Steyr AUG service rifle for all three Malaysian Armed Forces services. The army will receive the new weapon soon.

There is also a requirement for an upgrade to the current air defence network. However, a dispute between the army and the air force on whether to introduce a mid-range SAM system had led to the procurement being put on hold. According to a recent interview of the army’s chief of staff, Ismail bin Haji Jamaluddin, the army has no intention of taking over the mid range air defence role.

Malaysia’s Soldier Modernisation Programme

As part of the Malaysian Armed Forces 4 Dimension (MAF 4D) strategic plan, a future soldier program known as Soldier Advanced Kombat Technology Integrated (SAKTI) has been established by the Ministry of Defence. Malaysia’s work on its Future Soldier System has several aspects. There are currently no formal schedules for the programme, which is still in its initial phases with no formal issuing by the Army of a final requirement although industry, understood to include Sapura who are teamed with Thales on other projects have made submissions. Some technology development projects have come out, of such as earlier this year with the public display of the Malaysian Army Future Soldier Combat Uniform MK II.

References

Notes

Works cited

• International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) (2012). The Military Balance 2012. London: IISS. ISSN 0459-7222. 

External links

• Malaysian Army Official Website
• Malaysian Armed Forces Official Website
• Malaysian Ministry of Defense Official Website