Outline of war |
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This is a list of wars of independence (national liberation).
Listed wars may or may not have been successful in achieving a goal of independence. Listed articles should describe the actual conduct of a war.
Wars of independence[]
Dates | Name | Result |
---|---|---|
1861-1864 | American Civil War | The Confederate States of America attempted secession from the United States. |
2012 | Tuareg rebellion (2012) (Northern Mali conflict (2012–present)) |
Unrecognized independence of Azawad from Mali. Azawad claimed territory controlled by Ansar Dine. |
1983-2005 | Second Sudanese Civil War | Independence of South Sudan from Sudan |
1954-1962 | Algerian War | Independence of Algeria from France |
1775-1783 | American Revolutionary War (American Revolution) |
Independence of United States from Great Britain |
1961-1974 | Angolan War of Independence | Independence of Angola from Portugal |
1876 | April Uprising | Defeat of Bulgarian nationalists by the Ottoman Empire; subsequent reprisals by the Ottomans led to the Russo-Turkish War, 1877-78 and the 1878 independence of Bulgaria from the Ottoman Empire. |
1919-1921 | Irish War of Independence | Anglo-Irish Treaty; Partition of Ireland; secession of 26 of Ireland's 32 counties (the Irish Free State) from the United Kingdom |
1916-1918 | Arab Revolt | Defeat of Arab aspirations for independence by post-World War I partition of Arab Ottoman Empire lands into protectorates controlled by United Kingdom and France |
1971 | Bangladesh Liberation War | Independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan |
1830-1839 | Belgian Revolution | Independence of Belgium from the Netherlands |
1992-1995 | Bosnian War | Independence of Bosnia from Yugoslavia |
1810-1818 | Chilean War of Independence | Independence of Chile from Spain |
1991-1995 | Croatian War of Independence | Independence of Croatia from Yugoslavia |
1843-1849 | Dominican War of Independence | Independence of Dominican Republic from Haiti |
1568-1648 | Eighty Years' War | Independence of the Netherlands from Spain |
1961-1991 | Eritrean War of Independence | Independence of Eritrea from Ethiopia |
1918-1920 | Estonian War of Independence | Independence of Estonia from Russian Empire/Russian SFSR |
1946-1954 | First Indochina War | Independence of Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia from France; partition of Vietnam |
1857-1858 | Indian Rebellion of 1857 | Defeat of Indian insurgents; Great Britain retains control of India |
1848 | First Italian War of Independence | Kingdom of Sardinia defeated by the Austrian Empire; Italian unification not achieved |
1859 | Second Italian War of Independence | France and the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia defeat the Austrian Empire; most of the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia transferred to France and then to Piedmont-Sardinia; Duchy of Parma, Duchy of Modena, Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Papal Legations annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia |
1866 | Third Italian War of Independence | Austrian Empire loses Veneto to Kingdom of Italy |
1804-1813 | First Serbian Uprising (Serbian Revolution) |
Defeat of insurgents; Ottoman Empire retains control of Serbia |
1821-1827 | Greek War of Independence | Independence of Greece from the Ottoman Empire |
1963-1974 | Guinea-Bissau War of Independence | Independence of Guinea-Bissau from Portugal |
1791-1804 | Haitian Revolution | Independence of Haiti from France |
1703-1711 | Rákóczi's War of Independence | Limited autonomy for Hungary within the Habsburg Monarchy |
1945-1949 | Indonesian National Revolution | Independence of Indonesia from the Netherlands |
1947-1949 | 1948 Arab–Israeli War | Defeat of Arabs; Israel retains independence |
1996-1999 | Kosovo War | No legal changes to Yugoslav borders according to the Resolution 1244, but effective political and economic separation of Kosovo from the rest of Yugoslavia under United Nations temporary administration. |
1810s-1820s | Latin American wars of independence: Argentine War of Independence, Bolivian War of Independence, Chilean War of Independence, Foolish Fatherland, Ecuadorian War of Independence, Mexican War of Independence, Peruvian War of Independence, Venezuelan War of Independence | Independence of many Spanish-American colonies from Spain |
1918-1920 | Latvian War of Independence | Independence of Latvia from Russian Empire/Russian SFSR |
1918-1920 | Lithuanian War of Independence | Independence of Lithuania from Russian Empire/Russian SFSR and Poland |
1952-1960 | Kenyan Mau Mau Uprising | Defeat of insurgents; United Kingdom retains control of Kenya |
1964-1974 | Mozambican War of Independence | Independence of Mozambique from Portugal |
1966-1988 | Namibian War of Independence | Independence of Namibia from South Africa |
1967-1970 | Nigerian Civil War | Defeat and dissolution of the Republic of Biafra |
1896-1898 | Philippine Revolution | Inconclusive; Philippines independence from Spain then achieved by Spanish-American War |
1899-1913 | Philippine–American War | Defeat of Philippine insurgents; United States retains control of the Philippines |
1640-1668 | Portuguese Restoration War | Restoration of Portuguese independence from Spain |
1863-1865 | January Uprising | Defeat of Polish insurgents; Russia retains control of Poland |
1869 | Red River Rebellion | Establishment of Provisional government of the Red River Colony |
1920-1926 | Rif War | Defeat of insurgents and Rif Republic; Spain retains control of Spanish Morocco |
1877 | Romanian War of Independence | Independence of Romania from the Ottoman Empire |
1808-1814 | Peninsular War | Independence of Spain from France |
1296-1357 | Wars of Scottish Independence | Scotland retains its status as an independent nation |
1815-1817 | Second Serbian Uprising (Serbian Revolution) |
Semi-independence of Serbia within the Ottoman Empire |
1521-1523 | Swedish War of Liberation | Independence of Sweden from the Kalmar Union |
1991 | Ten-Day War | Independence of Slovenia from Yugoslavia |
1868-1878 | Ten Years' War | Defeat of insurgents; Spain retains control of Cuba |
1835-1836 | Texas Revolution | Independence of Texas from Mexico |
1919-1923 | Turkish War of Independence | Creation of Republic of Turkey |
1917-1921 | Ukrainian War of Independence | Independence of Ukraine from Russia; partition of Ukraine by Soviet Union, Poland and Romania |
1185-1188 | Uprising of Asen and Peter | Independence of Bulgaria from the Byzantine Empire; creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire |
1863-1865 | Dominican Restoration War | Independence of Dominican Republic from 4 year occupation by the Spanish Empire; ousts Spain from Hispaniola |
See also[]
- List of civil wars
- Ongoing wars
The original article can be found at List of wars of independence and the edit history here.