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List of ships sunk by submarines by death toll

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Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H27992, Lazarettschiff "Wilhelm Gustloff" in Danzig

Heavy casualties occurred when large passenger ships such as the Wilhelm Gustloff were overloaded with soldiers, prisoners, or refugees.

Self-propelled torpedoes dramatically increased effectiveness of submarine warships. Initial scouting patrols against surface warships sank several cruisers in the first month of World War I. Incidental encounters with merchant ships were handled by signalling the ship to stop and sinking the ship after removing the crew in accordance with international law. After unrestricted submarine warfare began in February 1915, any ship might unexpectedly sink rapidly from heavy underwater hull damage inflicted by torpedoes. Many large ships sank unknown to friendly forces, and the submarines which sank them were too small to rescue more than a few survivors.[1] Heavy personnel casualties continued through World War II, and there have been a few later sinkings.

List of ships sunk by submarines with death toll exceeding 300[]

Deaths Name Type Nationality Date Submarine
9,343[2] Wilhelm Gustloff Cruise ship serving as evacuation ship Flag of German Reich (1935–1945) Nazi Germany 30 January 1945 S-13
6,500[3] Goya Passenger ship serving as evacuation ship Flag of German Reich (1935–1945) Nazi Germany 16 April 1945 L-3
5,620[4] Junyō Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 18 September 1944 HMS Tradewind
5,400[5] Toyama Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 29 June 1944 USS Sturgeon
4,998[6] Ryusei Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 24 February 1944 USS Rasher
4,406-4,755[7] Tamatsu Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 19 August 1944 USS Spadefish
3,608[8] General von Steuben Ocean liner Flag of German Reich (1935–1945) Nazi Germany 10 February 1945 S-13
3,546[9] Mayasan Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 18 November 1944 USS Picuda
3,219[10] Nikkin Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 30 June 1944 USS Tang
3,000[6] Tango Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 24 February 1944 USS Rasher
2,765[11] ja [Lima Maru:りま丸|SS Lima Maru|Lima Maru] Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 8 February 1944 USS Snook
2,670[5] Petrella Prisoner Transport Flag of German Reich (1935–1945) Nazi Germany 8 February 1944 HMS Sportsman
2,665[7] Teia Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 19 August 1944 USS Rasher
2,649[12] Yoshida Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 26 April 1944 USS Jack
2,495[13] Yoshino Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 31 July 1944 USS Parche
2,495[13] Sakito Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 1 March 1944 USS Trout
2,246[9] Akitsu Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 14 November 1944 USS Queenfish
2,113[14] Edogawa Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 17 November 1944 USS Sunfish
2,089[15] Dainichi Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 8 October 1944 Gurnard
2,035[16] Kamakura Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 28 April 1943 USS Gudgeon
2,008[17] Awa Maru Ocean liner Flag of Japan Japan 1 April 1945 USS Queenfish
2,000[5] Ural Maru Ocean liner Flag of Japan Japan 27 September 1944 USS Flasher
1,934[13] Nichiren Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 16 March 1944 USS Tautog
1,926[18] Principe Umberto Troopship Flag of Italy Italy 8 June 1916 SM U-5
1,773[19] Arisan Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 24 October 1944 USS Snook or USS Shark
1,747[13] Arabia Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 18 October 1944 USS Bluegill
1,704[13] Denmark Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 16 January 1944 USS Whale
1,650[20] Taihō Aircraft carrier Flag of Japan Japan 19 June 1944 USS Albacore
1,621[21] Laconia Ocean liner serving as POW ship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 12 September 1942 U-156
1,602[13] Daisyō Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 26 October 1944 USS Drum
1,576[13] Marei Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 25 January 1945 USS Silversides
1,540[6] Kōshū Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 4 August 1944 USS Ray
1,539[13] Kenzui Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 23 December 1944 USS Blenny
1,529[22] Tsushima Maru Passenger/cargo ship serving as evacuation ship Flag of Japan Japan 22 August 1944 USS Bowfin
1,471[13] Jinyō Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 7 December 1944 USS Trepang
1,451[13] ja [Hakuyō Maru] Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 25 October 1944 USS Seal
1,450[13] Maebashi Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 30 September 1943 USS Pogy
1,435[16] Shinano Aircraft carrier Flag of Japan Japan 29 November 1944 USS Archer-Fish
1,428[13] Shiranesan Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 19 October 1944 USS Raton
1,400[16] Tatsuta Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 9 February 1943 USS Tarpon
1,338[23] SS Gallia Troopship Flag of France France 8 October 1916 SM U-35
1,300 Ashigara Cruiser Flag of Japan Japan 8 June 1945 HMS Trenchant
1,291[24] Conte Rosso Troopship Flag of Italy Italy 24 May 1941 HMS Upholder
1,279[25] Khedive Ismail Troopship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 12 February 1944 I-27
1,272[16] Shōkaku Aircraft carrier Flag of Japan Japan 19 June 1944 USS Cavalla
1,250[16] Chūyō Aircraft carrier Flag of Japan Japan 4 December 1943 USS Sailfish
1,240[16] Unryū Aircraft carrier Flag of Japan Japan 19 December 1944 USS Redfish
1,201[26] Lusitania Ocean liner Flag of the United Kingdom UK 7 May 1915 SM U-20
1,200[6] Takachiko Maru Ocean liner Flag of Japan Japan 19 March 1943 USS Kingfish
1,200[27] Kongō Battleship Flag of Japan Japan 21 November 1944 USS Sealion
1,188[28] Yasukuni Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 24 January 1944 USS Trigger
1,130[29] Shinyo aircraft carrier Flag of Japan Japan 17 November 1944 USS Spadefish
1,053[30] Montevideo Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 1 July 1942 USS Sturgeon
995[31] Galilea Troopship Flag of Italy Italy 28 March 1942 HMS Proteus
956[16] Taihei Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 9 July 1944 USS Sunfish
935[32] HMT Royal Edward Troopship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 13 August 1915 SM UB-14
921[33] Città di Palermo Armed merchant cruiser serving as troopship Flag of Italy Italy 5 January 1942 HMS Proteus
930[34] La Provence Troopship Flag of France France 26 February 1916 SM U-35
883[35] USS Indianapolis Cruiser Flag of the United States USA 30 July 1945 I-58
880[36] Verona Troopship Flag of Italy Italy 11 May 1918 SM UC-52
870[37] Minas Troopship Flag of Italy Italy 15 February 1917 SM U-39
865[38] Arandora Star Ocean liner serving as POW ship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 2 July 1940 U-47
862[39] HMS Barham Battleship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 25 November 1941 U-331
856[40] Nova Scotia Troopship/POW ship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 28 November 1942 U-177
846[41] Lisbon Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 1 October 1942 USS Grouper
819[42] Leopoldville Troopship Flag of Belgium (civil) Belgium 24 December 1944 U-486
817[16] Taiyō Maru Ocean liner Flag of Japan Japan 8 May 1942 USS Grenadier
800[24] Francesco Crispi Troopship Flag of Italy Italy 19 April 1943 HMS Saracen
787[43] SS Scillin Cargo ship serving as POW ship Flag of Italy Italy 14 November 1942 HMS Sahib
786[44] HMS Royal Oak Battleship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 14 October 1939 U-47
768[45] Struma Motor schooner Flag of Panama Panama 24 February 1942 Shch-213
754[46] Athos Ocean liner Flag of France France 17 February 1917 SM U-65
747[16] Taiyō Aircraft carrier Flag of Japan Japan 18 August 1944 USS Rasher
740[47] Le Calvados Troopship Flag of France France 4 November 1915 SM U-38
700[48] Shuntien Coastal passenger & cargo ship serving as POW ship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 23 December 1941 U-559
688[49] Shinyo Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 7 September 1944 USS Paddle
684[50] Léon Gambetta Cruiser Flag of France France 27 April 1915 SM U-5
683 [51] USS Juneau Cruiser Flag of the United States USA 13 November 1942 I-26
675[52] USAT Dorchester Troopship Flag of the United States USA 3 February 1943 U-223
672[53] SMS Prinz Adalbert Cruiser Flag of the German Empire German Empire 23 October 1915 HMS E8
654[54] Ceramic Ocean liner Flag of the United Kingdom UK 7 December 1942 U-515
656[16] Rakuyo Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 12 September 1944 USS Pampanito
648[55] Suffren Battleship Flag of France France 26 November 1916 SM U-52
644[56] USS Liscombe Bay Aircraft carrier Flag of the United States USA 24 November 1943 I-175
643[57] Hampshire armoured cruiser Flag of the United Kingdom UK 5 June 1916 SM U-75
638[58] Sant Anna Troopship Flag of France France 11 May 1918 SM UC-54
615[6] Suez Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 29 November 1943 USS Bonefish
611[59] Sidi-Bel-Abbès Troopship Flag of France France 20 April 1943 U-565
610[60] HMT Aragon Troopship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 30 December 1917 SM UC-34
597[61] Pallada Cruiser Flag of Russia Russian Empire 11 October 1914 SM U-26
562[62] HMS Cressy Cruiser Flag of the United Kingdom UK 22 September 1914 SM U-9
555[63] Euterpe Troopship Flag of Austria-Hungary 1869-1918 Austria-Hungary 11 August 1918 F 7
547[64] HMS Formidable Battleship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 1 January 1915 SM U-24
544[6] Konron Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 5 October 1943 USS Wahoo
530[65] Leinster Cross Channel Ferry Flag of the United Kingdom UK 10 October 1918 SM UB-123
527[66] HMS Aboukir Cruiser Flag of the United Kingdom UK 22 September 1914 SM U-9
526[67] HMS Hawke Cruiser Flag of the United Kingdom UK 15 October 1914 SM U-9
523[12] Aden Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 6 May 1944 USS Gurnard
518[44] HMS Courageous Aircraft carrier Flag of the United Kingdom UK 17 September 1939 U-29
514[68] HMS Avenger Aircraft carrier Flag of the United Kingdom UK 15 November 1942 U-155
500[6] Shinyu Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 24 November 1943 USS Redfin
500~[69] Rooseboom Troopship Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands 1 March 1942 I-59
497[70] Tembien Cargo ship serving as POW ship Flag of Italy Italy 27 February 1942 HMS Upholder
488[16] ja [Kachidoki Maru:勝鬨丸|SS Kachidoki Maru|Kachidoki Maru] Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 12 September 1944 USS Pampanito
484[71] Yoma Troopship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 17 June 1943 U-81
470[72] HMS Galatea Cruiser Flag of the United Kingdom UK 14 December 1941 U-557
464[73] Armando Diaz Cruiser Flag of Italy Italy 25 February 1941 HMS Upright
461[6] Ikoma Maru Hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 20 January 1944 USS Seahorse
450[74] Bahia Laura Troopship Flag of German Reich (1935–1945) Nazi Germany 30 August 1941 HMS Trident
450[75] Tama cruiser Flag of Japan Japan 20 October 1944 USS Jallao
448[14] Seisho Maru Troopship Flag of Japan Japan 18 November 1944 USS Sunfish
440[76] Asama Maru hell ship Flag of Japan Japan 1 November 1944 USS Atule
436[77] Djemnah Ocean liner Flag of France France 14 July 1918 SM UB-105
419[78] HMS Dunedin Cruiser Flag of the United Kingdom UK 24 November 1941 U-124
417[79] HMS Penelope Cruiser Flag of the United Kingdom UK 18 February 1944 U-410
414[80] Transylvania Troopship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 4 May 1917 SM U-63
400[81] Balkan Troopship Flag of France France 16 August 1918 SM UB-48
392[82] Empress of Canada Troopship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 13 March 1943 Leonardo Da Vinci
381[83] Giovanni delle Bande Nere Cruiser Flag of Italy Italy 1 April 1942 HMS Urge
379[84] Brazza Ocean liner Flag of France France 28 May 1940 U-37
375[85] HMS Hogue Cruiser Flag of the United Kingdom UK 22 September 1914 SM U-9
374[86] Amiral Charner Cruiser Flag of France France 8 February 1916 SM U-21
373[87] Marina Raskova Merchant ship Flag of the Soviet Union USSR 13 August 1944 U-365
369[88] HMS Fidelity Q-ship Flag of the United Kingdom UK 30 December 1942 U-435
364[89] Doggerbank Blockade runner Flag of German Reich (1935–1945) Nazi Germany 3 March 1943 U-43
362[90] Abosso Ocean liner Flag of the United Kingdom UK 29 October 1942 U-575
360[91] Calabria Cargo and passenger liner Flag of the United Kingdom UK 8 December 1940 U-103
360[92] Almeda Star Ocean liner Flag of the United Kingdom UK 17 January 1941 U-96
360[93] Atago Cruiser Flag of Japan Japan 23 October 1944 USS Darter
349[94] Nagara Cruiser Flag of Japan Japan 7 August 1944 USS Croaker
344[95] Medjerda Troopship Flag of France France 11 May 1917 SM U-34
343[96] Emma Cargo ship/Troopship Flag of Italy Italy 16 January 1943 HMS Splendid
336[97] Maya Cruiser Flag of Japan Japan 23 October 1944 USS Dace
336[98] Diana Aviso Flag of Italy Italy 29 June 1942 HMS Thrasher
334[99] Persia Ocean liner Flag of the United Kingdom UK 30 December 1915 SM U-38
330[100] Natori Cruiser Flag of Japan Japan 18 August 1944 USS Hardhead
323[101] ARA General Belgrano Cruiser Flag of Argentina Argentina 2 May 1982 HMS Conqueror
320[102] Sebastiano Venier Cargo ship serving as POW ship Flag of Italy Italy 9 December 1941 HMS Porpoise
307[6] Urakaze Destroyer Flag of Japan Japan 21 November 1944 USS Sealion II
305[6] Mefküre Motor schooner Flag of Turkey Turkey 5 August 1944 Shch-215
300[103] Andrea Sgarallino Passenger steamer Flag of Italy Italy 22 September 1943 HMS Uproar

References[]

  1. ↑ Tarrant, V.E. (1989). The U-Boat Offensive 1914-1945. Arms and Armour. pp. 7–14. ISBN 1-85409-520-X. 
  2. ↑ "A Memorial to The Wilhelm Gustloff". Jason Pipes. http://www.feldgrau.com/wilhelmgustloff.html. Retrieved 2010-12-06. 
  3. ↑ Goralski, Robert (1981). World War II Almanac: 1931-1945. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. p. 397. ISBN 0-399-12548-5. 
  4. ↑ van der Kuil, Peter (March 2003). "List of Casualties". The Sinking of the Junyo Maru. http://members.iinet.net.au/~vanderkp/junyopg8.html. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Greatest Maritime Disasters". International Registry of Sunken Ships. http://www.shipwreckregistry.com/index6.htm. Retrieved 2010-12-06. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 "More Maritime Disasters of World War II". George Duncan. http://members.iinet.net.au/~gduncan/maritime-2a.html. Retrieved 2010-12-06. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Convoy Hi-71 (ヒ71船団)". All Japan Seamen's Union. http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/hi71.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  8. ↑ "SS General von Steuben [+1945"]. WreckSite. http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?59620. Retrieved 2010-12-06. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Convoy Hi-81 (ヒ81船団)". All Japan Seamen's Union. http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/hi81.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  10. ↑ "Nikkin Maru - Casualties (日錦丸の被害)". All Japan Seamen's Union. http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/nikkin.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  11. ↑ "Convoy Mo-Ta-06 (モタ61船団)". All Japan Seamen's Union. http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/mota02.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Convoy Take Ichi". All Japan Seamen's Union. http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/take.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-17. 
  13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 "List of sunken ships in Pacific War (太平洋戦争時の喪失船舶明細表)". Sunken Ships Record Association (戦没船を記録する会). http://www.ric.hi-ho.ne.jp/senbotusen/siryo-deta/senbotukisenlist.pdf. Retrieved 2012-10-20. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Convoy Mi-27". All Japan Seamen's Union. http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/mi27.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  15. ↑ "Convoy 772 (第772船団)". All Japan Seamen's Union. http://www.jsu.or.jp/siryo/sunk/pdf/772.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-18. 
  16. ↑ 16.00 16.01 16.02 16.03 16.04 16.05 16.06 16.07 16.08 16.09 16.10 "List of Casualties - Japanese". WreckSite. http://www.wrecksite.eu/casualty-list.aspx?nat=17. Retrieved 2010-12-09. 
  17. ↑ Weland, Gerald (October 2010). "Sinking the Awa Maru: Captain Loughlin's Disastrous Mistake". Sea Classics. 
  18. ↑ Favre, Franco (in Italian). La marina nella Grande Guerra. Le operazioni navali, aeree, subacquee e terrestri in Adriatico. p. 145.  Other sources say 1,750 victims.
  19. ↑ Blair, Clay (1975). Silent Victory. J.B. Lippincott Company. p. 744. 
  20. ↑ Brown, David (1995). Warship Losses of World War II. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 112. ISBN 1-55750-914-X. 
  21. ↑ "Laconia Incident". Uboataces. http://www.uboataces.com/battle-laconia.shtml. Retrieved 2010-12-06. 
  22. ↑ "Tsushima Maru". Cruise Line Fans. http://www.cruiselinefans.com/ask-cruise-question/5391-lost-ships-great-legends-42.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  23. ↑ "Armed merchant cruiser Gallia". Uboataces. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/2357.html. Retrieved 2013-11-10. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 "List of Casualties". WreckSite. http://www.wrecksite.eu/casualty-list.aspx?nat=6. Retrieved 2010-12-09. 
  25. ↑ "HIJMS Submarine I-27: Tabular Record of Movement". Combined Fleet. http://www.combinedfleet.com/I-27.htm. Retrieved 2011-08-30. 
  26. ↑ Tarrant, V.E. The U-Boat Offensive 1914-1945 (2000) Sterling Publishing ISBN 1-85409-520-X, p.21
  27. ↑ "IJN Kongo: Tabular Record of Movement". Combined Fleet. http://www.combinedfleet.com/kongo.htm. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  28. ↑ Hackett, Robert; Kingsepp, Sander; Cundall, Peter (1998–2012). "IJN Submarine Tender Yasukuni Maru: Tabular Record of Movement". Imperial Japanese Navy Page. combinedfleet.com. http://www.combinedfleet.com/Yasukuni%20Maru_t.htm. 
  29. ↑ Tully, Anthony (2002). "IJN Shinyo: Tabular Record of Movement". Stories and Battle Histories of the IJN's Carrier Fleet. combinedfleet.com. http://www.combinedfleet.com/Shinyo.htm. 
  30. ↑ "Montevideo Maru". Cruise Line Fans. http://www.cruiselinefans.com/ask-cruise-question/5391-lost-ships-great-legends-41.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  31. ↑ Rolando Notarangelo, Gian Paolo Pagano, Navi mercantili perdute, USMM, p.XVI
  32. ↑ Wise, James E; Baron, Scott (2004). Soldiers Lost at Sea: A Chronicle of Troopship Disasters. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 77. ISBN 978-1-59114-966-8. OCLC 52182511. 
  33. ↑ [1]. Other sources say 600-700 killed.
  34. ↑ "La Provence". GreatShips.Net. http://www.greatships.net/provence.html. Retrieved 2010-12-18. 
  35. ↑ Brown, David (1995). Warship Losses of World War II. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 156. ISBN 1-55750-914-X. 
  36. ↑ "Verona". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/7357.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  37. ↑ "Minas". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/7324.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  38. ↑ "SS Arandora Star". Colonsay. http://www.colonsay.org.uk/arandoraPt1.htm. Retrieved 2010-12-04. 
  39. ↑ Brown, David (1995). Warship Losses of World War II. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 52. ISBN 1-55750-914-X. 
  40. ↑ "RMS Nova Scotia". Mercantile Marine. http://www.mercantilemarine.org/showthread.php?t=2826. Retrieved 2010-12-03. 
  41. ↑ "Lisbon Maru". Cruise Line Fans. http://www.cruiselinefans.com/ask-cruise-question/5391-lost-ships-great-legends-41.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  42. ↑ "Leopoldville". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/3399.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  43. ↑ La vera storia dell'affondamento dello Scillin
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Brown, David (1995). Warship Losses of World War II. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 27. ISBN 1-55750-914-X. 
  45. ↑ "SS Struma". Cruise Line Fans. http://www.cruiselinefans.com/ask-cruise-question/5391-lost-ships-great-legends-41.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  46. ↑ "Athos". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/525.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  47. ↑ "Le Calvados". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/7380.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  48. ↑ "Shuntien". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/1234.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  49. ↑ Erickson, James W (2006). "Roster of Allied Prisoners of War believed aboard Shinyo Maru when torpedoed and sunk 7 September 1944". Japanese-pow Home Page. West-Point.org. http://www.west-point.org/family/japanese-pow/ShinyoMaruRosterJPW.html. Retrieved 28 March 2010. 
  50. ↑ "Leon Gambetta". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/3566.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  51. ↑ Frank (1990). Guadalcanal. Random House. p. 459. ISBN 0-394-58875-4. 
  52. ↑ "Dorchester". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2616.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  53. ↑ "Prinz Adalbert [+1915"]. WreckSite. http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?137747. Retrieved 2010-12-18. 
  54. ↑ "Ceramic". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2496.html. Retrieved 2012-11-08. 
  55. ↑ "Suffren". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/5825.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  56. ↑ Brown, David (1995). Warship Losses of World War II. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 74. ISBN 1-55750-914-X. 
  57. ↑ "Armored cruiser HMS Hampshire". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/2691.html. Retrieved 2012-11-08. 
  58. ↑ "Sant Anna". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/5425.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  59. ↑ "Sidi-Bel-Abbès". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2874.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  60. ↑ "Aragon". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/402.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  61. ↑ "Pallada". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/4641.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  62. ↑ "Cressy". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/1491.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  63. ↑ Euterpe
  64. ↑ Tarrant, V.E. (2000). The U-Boat Offensive 1914-1945. Sterling Publishing. p. 10. ISBN 1-85409-520-X. 
  65. ↑ "Leinster". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/3552.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  66. ↑ "Aboukir". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/20.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  67. ↑ "Hawke". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/2760.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  68. ↑ "HMS Avenger (D14)". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2433.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  69. ↑ "SS Rooseboom (+1942)". WreckSite. 2012-11-04. http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?17527. 
  70. ↑ Giorgio Giorgerini, La guerra italiana sul mare. La Marina tra vittoria e sconfitta 1940-1943, p. 519
  71. ↑ "Yoma". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2953.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  72. ↑ "HMS Galatea (71)". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/1225.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  73. ↑ Ritrovato il relitto dell'incrociatore Diaz. Other sources (Giorgio Giorgerini, La guerra italiana sul mare. La Marina fra vittoria e sconfitta 1940-1943, and Gianni Rocca, Fucilate gli ammiragli. La tragedia della Marina italiana nella seconda guerra mondiale) says 500 victims.
  74. ↑ "Prince Line". The Merchant Navy Association. http://www.red-duster.co.uk/PRINCE12.htm. Retrieved 2012-02-28. 
  75. ↑ Hackett, Robert; Kingsepp, Sander (1997–2012). "IJN Light Cruiser Tama: Tabular Record of Movement". Stories and Battle Histories of the IJN's Cruiser Force. combinedfleet.com. http://www.combinedfleet.com/tama_t.htm. 
  76. ↑ Pocock, Michael W (2007-12-27). "Asama Maru (1929)". MaritimeQuest. http://www.maritimequest.com/liners/02_pages/a/asama_maru_1929_data.htm. 
  77. ↑ "Djemnah". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/1666.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  78. ↑ "HMS Dunedin (D93)". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/1205.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  79. ↑ "HMS Penelope (97)". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/3190.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  80. ↑ "SS Transylvania". Clydebuilt. http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=19107. Retrieved 2011-04-01. 
  81. ↑ "Balkan". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/611.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  82. ↑ Jordan, Roger (2006). The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939: The Particulars And Wartime Fates of 6,000 Ships. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 110. ISBN 1-59114-959-2. 
  83. ↑ Vita operativa degli incrociatori
  84. ↑ "Brazza". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/327.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  85. ↑ "Hogue". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/2873.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  86. ↑ "Amiral Charner". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/250.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  87. ↑ "Marina Raskova". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/3313.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  88. ↑ "HMS Fidelity (D57)". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2560.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  89. ↑ "Doggerbank". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2707.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  90. ↑ "Abosso". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2319.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  91. ↑ "Calabria". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/710.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  92. ↑ "Almeda Star". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/739.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  93. ↑ Blair, Clay (1975). Silent Victory. J.B. Lippincott Company. p. 730. 
  94. ↑ "HIJMS NAGARA: Tabular Record of Movement". Combined Fleet. http://www.combinedfleet.com/nagara_t.htm. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  95. ↑ "Medjerda". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/4058.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  96. ↑ Gianni Rocca, Fucilate gli ammiragli. La tragedia della Marina italiana nella seconda guerra mondiale, pp. 273-274
  97. ↑ Dull, Paul S. (1978). A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy (1941-1945). Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. p. 328. 
  98. ↑ Enrico Cernuschi, Maurizio Brescia, Erminio Bagnasco, Le navi ospedale italiane 1935-1945, p. 44
  99. ↑ "Persia". Uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/wwi/ships_hit/4752.html. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  100. ↑ "IJN NATORI: Tabular Record of Movement". Combined Fleet. http://www.combinedfleet.com/natori_t.htm. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  101. ↑ "The sinking of the ARA General Belgrano". Bob Henneman. http://www.bobhenneman.info/belgrano.htm. Retrieved 2010-12-07. 
  102. ↑ British Submarine Porpoise
  103. ↑ L'affondamento dello Sgarallino Other sources say about 330 people were killed.
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