This list of World War II military operations is for Mediterranean Theatre land operations and operations within the Mediterranean Sea, e.g. naval operations such as Category:Malta Convoys.
Axis[]
- 25 (1941) — invasion of Yugoslavia.
- Strafe ("Punishment") (1941) — Bombing of Belgrade by Luftwaffe as part of Operation 25
- Achse ("Axis") (1943) — response to Italian defection. Final plan Achse represented combination of plan Schwartz and original plan Achse.
- Aida (1942) — Afrika Korps advance into Egypt.
- Little Atlas Agadir (1944) —failed operation to fly agents into Morocco
- Bodden (1942) — German intelligence activity around Gibraltar
- Brandung (1941) — Axis attack toward El Alamein that became the Battle of Alam el Halfa
- Capri (1942) — counter-attack at Medenine, Tunisia
- Etappenhase (1944) —aborted attempt to establish assault bases along Algerian-Tunisian border
- Felix (1940–41) — planned invasion of Gibraltar.
- Frühlungswind ("Spring wind") (1943) — attack on CCA/1st at Sidi bou Zid.
- Gertrud — planned response in event Turkey joined Allies.
- Herbstnebel 2 (1944) — rejected proposal to withdraw troops in Italy behind Po River.
- Herkules (1942) — planned Axis airborne invasion of Malta.
- Isabella (1941) — plans for operations on the Iberian peninsula.
- Lehrgang ("Training Course") (1943) — evacuation of Sicily following Allied Operation Husky.
- Marita (1941) — invasion of Greece.
- Alpenveilchen ("Alpine Violet") (1941) — planned German intervention in Albania
- Merkur ("Mercury") (1941) — German invasion of Crete
- Mittelmeer ("Mediterrean") (1940–1941) — reinforcement of Regia Aeronautica in Mediterranean by X Fliegerkorps
- Morgenluft ("Morning Air") (1941) — occupation of Gafsa
- Morgenrote ("Dawn") (1944) — German counterattack against Allied Operation Shingle.
- Moro (1941) — refuelling of U-boats by Spain
- Ochsenkopf ("Ox head") (1942) —
- Otto (1943) — anti-Partisan operation
- Skorpion ("Scorpion") (1941) — Axis recapture of Halfaya Pass
- Sommernachtstraum ("Summers Night Dream") (1941) —
- Sonnenblume (Sun Flower) — movement Afrika Korps troops to North Africa as a result of Compass
- Sturmflut ("Storm tide") (1941) —
- Theseus (1942) — offensive to drive Allies out of Cyrenaica and Egypt
- Wintergewitter ("Winter Storm") (1944) — axis offensive against the American 92nd Infantry Division in the Apennines
- Venezia (1941) — axis attack on the Gazala Line
Allies[]
- Abstention (1941) — British attempt to seize the island of Kastelorizo thwarted by Italian forces
- Abeam (1941) — disinformation operation to convince Italians of the presence of British paratroops in north Africa
- Accolade (1943) — proposed British occupation of Rhodes, and subsequently, failed occupation of the Dodecanese
- Agreement (1942) — British, Rhodesian and New Zealand raids on several North African targets
- Anvil (1944) — Allied invasion of Southern France. Name later changed to Dragoon
- Astrologer (1941) — failed attempt to run 2 unescorted transports to Malta
- Avalanche (1943) — Allied landings near Salerno, Italy
- Boardman (1943) — deception operation for Avalanche
- Giant II — cancelled landing of U.S. 82nd Airborne near Rome.
- Battleaxe (1941) — failed British attack on Axis forces in North Africa to relieve Tobruk
- Backbone & Backbone II (1942 & 1943) — contingency plans to occupy Spanish Morocco and area around Gibraltar if Germans entered Spain
- Baritone (1942) — delivery of 32 Spitfires to Malta from HMS Furious
- Baytown (1943) — Allied landings in Calabria, Italy
- Slapstick (1943) — British landings at Taranto
- Begonia (1943) — airborne part of attempted British POW rescue in Italy
- Bellows (1942) — delivery of 38 Spitfires to Malta from HMS Furious
- Bowery (1942) — delivery of 64 Spitfires to Malta from HMS Eagle and USS Wasp
- Brasso (1942) — scheme for safe unloading and dispersal of ships' cargo at Malta
- Brevity (1941) — British capture of Halfaya Pass, Egypt
- Buffalo (1944) — breakout from the Anzio beachhead
- Calendar (1942) — delivery of 47 Spitfires to Malta from USS Wasp
- Callboy (1941) — delivery of Swordfish and Albacores to Malta from HMS Argus
- Candytuft (1943) — SAS operation to destroy rail bridge between Pesaro and Fano
- Chesterfield (1944) — assault on Hitler Line
- Coat (1940) —passage of naval reinforcements through the Mediterranean
- Cold Comfort (1945) — failed SAS raid to block rail route through Brenner Pass
- Collar (1940) — naval reinforcements from Gibraltar to Egypt, carrying supplies and personnel for Malta and Egypt.
- Colossus (1941) — experimental airborne raid on Italian aqueduct near Calitri in southern Italy
- Compass (1940) — British counteroffensive in North Africa
- Corkscrew (1943) — Allied occupation of Pantellaria
- Crusader (1941) — British relief of Tobruk
- Crupper (1942) — failed attempt to run two unescorted freighters into Malta
- Demon (1941) — evacuation of Allied troops from Greece
- Diadem (1944) — Successful Allied assault on German Gustav Line defences in Italy.
- Dragoon (1944) — Allied landing in southern France
- Driftwood (1944) — failed raid on rail targets north of Rome
- Dunlop (1941) — delivery of 24 Hurricanes to Malta from HMS Ark Royal (1 lost en route)
- Encore (1945) — Allied assault on mountain positions in Italy
- Excess (1941) — Malta convoy to reinforce Greece and Malta
- Exporter (1941) — Allied invasion of Vichy-controlled Syria and Lebanon
- Fustian (1943) — British airborne capture of a bridge on Sicily
- Grog (1941) — bombardment of Genoa
- Guillotine (1941) — transfer of troops to Cyprus
- Guillotine (1943) — Allied advance from Cyrenaica to Tripolitania
- Gymnast — early name for Operation Torch
- Halberd (1941) — Malta convoy via Gibraltar
- Hats (1940) — attempt to provoke Italians into a fleet action and supplies for Malta and Egypt from Gibraltar
- Squawk (1940) — radio transmissions by destroyers, intended to mislead or confuse Italians
- Hide (1940) — movements by Force H to cover convoy and escort HMS Malaya to Gibraltar (linked to Operation MC2)
- Hurry (1940) — delivery of 12 Hurricanes to Malta from HMS Argus
- Spark (1940) — diversionary radio transmissions by HMS Enterprise
- Husky (1943) — Allied invasion of Sicily
- Chestnut (1943) — SAS raid supporting Sicily invasion
- Ladbroke (1943) — British glider landing near Syracuse, Sicily
- Mincemeat (1943) — Disinformation operation prior to the invasion of Sicily
- Brimstone (1943) — fictional invasion of Sardinia, part of cover for Husky
- Narcissus (1943) — British SAS raid on a lighthouse in Sicily
- Insect (1942) — delivery of 28 Spitfires from HMS Eagle
- Jonquil (1943) — seaborne part of attempted British POW rescue in Italy (see also: Begonia)
- Judgement (1940) — British air attack on Italian fleet in Taranto harbour
- Julius (1942) — coordinated supply convoys to Malta
- Harpoon (1942) — Malta convoy from Gibraltar
- Salient (1942) — delivery of Spitfires to Malta from HMS Eagle
- Style (1942) — delivery of Spitfires to Malta from HMS Eagle
- Vigorous (1942) — Malta convoy from Alexandria
- Rembrandt (1942) — Malta convoy from Alexandria, early portion of Vigorous
- LB (1942) — delivery of 16 Spitfires to Malta from HMS Eagle
- Lightfoot (1942) — first attack by the British and Australians at El Alamein
- Bertram (1942) — deception operation in preparation for the Second Battle of El Alamein
- Supercharge (1942) — second stage attack by British and New Zealanders at El Alamein
- Lustre (1941) — Allied reinforcement of Greece
- Mandibles (1941) a planned 1940/1941 British amphibious assault on Rhodes, Leros and the Dodecanese Islands in the Aegean Sea.
- Manna (1944) — Allied re-occupation of Greece and Aegean Islands
- MB8 (1940) — passage of convoys from Alexandria to Malta and from Port Said to Crete
- MC2 (1940) — passage westwards of HMS Malaya (linked to Operation Hide)
- Mincemeat (1942) eturn of empty Pedestal merchantmen from Malta
- Outing & Outing II (1944) — anti-shipping operations in Aegean Sea
- Pedestal (1942) — Allied convoy from Gibraltar to Malta.
- Perpetual (1941) — delivery of aircraft to Malta
- Picket (1942) — delivery of 16 Spitfires to Malta from HMS Eagle and Argus
- Pilgrim (1941) — contingency plan to seize Canary Islands
- Pinpoint (1942) — delivery run to Malta by HMS Welshman
- Propeller (1941) — passage of Empire Guillemot to Malta
- Portcullis (1942) — convoy from Alexandria to Malta
- Pugilist (1943) — Allied attack on Mareth Line and advance to Sfax
- Puma (1941) — contingency plan to seize Canary Islands
- Quadrangle (1942) — three convoy movements to and from Malta
- Railway (1941) — delivery of Hurricanes to Malta from HMS Furious and HMS Ark Royal in 2 phases
- Rocket (1941) — delivery of Hurricanes to Malta from HMS Furious and HMS Ark Royal
- Roast (1945) — action by British Commandos at Comacchio lagoon, north east Italy
- Sapphic (?) — plan to support Gibraltar
- Salient (1941) — delivery of 32 Spitfires to Malta from HMS Eagle
- Saxifrage (1943) — four parties from 2 SAS to destroy the railway line between Ancona and Pescara
- Shingle (1944) — Allied landings at Anzio
- Baobab (1944) — SAS operation to destroy rail bridge between Pesaro and Fano
- Chettyford — deception plan to support Shingle
- Pomegranate (1944) — SAS raid in support of Shingle
- Speedwell (1945) — Behind enemy lines operation by the British Special Air Service to disrupt rail communications in northern Italy.
- Splice (1941) — delivery of Hurricanes to Malta from HMS Furious and HMS Ark Royal
- Spotter (1942) — delivery of 15 Spitfires to Malta from HMS Eagle and Argus
- Status 1 (1941) — delivery of 26 Hurricanes and a Swordfish to Malta from HMS Ark Royal
- Status 2 (1941) — delivery of Hurricanes and a Swordfish to Malta from HMS Ark Royal and Furious
- Stone Age (or: Stoneage) (1942) — Malta convoy from Alexandria
- Substance (1941) — Malta convoy
- Sunrise (1945) — negotiations leading to German surrender in Italy.
- Supercharge II (1942) — the breakthrough at Tebaga Gap, Tunisia
- Survey (1943) — Malta convoy from Alexandria
- Temple (1941) — failed attempt to run a merchant ship (Parracombe) to Malta
- Tiger (1941) — Malta convoy via Gibraltar
- Tombola (1945) — SAS raid in Italy
- Torch (1942) — Allied landings in Morocco and Algeria originally titled Gymnast.
- Blackstone (1942) — US assault on Safi, Morocco
- Brushwood (1942) — US assault on Fedala
- Goalpost (1942) — US assault on Port Lyautey (now Kenitra)
- Perpetual (1942) — British landings at Cap Carbon
- Reservist (1942) — failed Allied attack on Oran
- Tracer (1941) — delivery of 48 Hurricanes to Malta from HMS Ark Royal and Victorious
- Train (1942) — delivery of 29 Spitfires to Malta from Furious
- Vesuve (1943) — Free French landings in Corsica.
- Vulcan (1943) — Final Allied assault on Axis forces trapped around Tunis.
- White (1940) — delivery of 12 Hurricanes to Malta (4 arrive, 8 lost en route)
- Winch (1940) — delivery of 12 Hurricanes to Malta from HMS Ark Royal
- Wop (1943) — US 1st Division occupies Gafsa
- Zombie (1945) — Operation Cold Comfort, renamed.
The original article can be found at List of naval and land-based operations in Mediterranean Sea area during World War II and the edit history here.