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List of aircraft carriers of the United States Navy

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, foreground, alongside , rear, in 2020

USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78), foreground, alongside USS Harry S. Truman (CVN-75), rear, in 2020

Ships of the United States Navy
Ships in current service
Ships grouped alphabetically
Ships grouped by type
  • Registered civilian vessels
  • Yard and district craft
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, foreground, and , rear, in 2011

USS Enterprise (CVN-65), foreground, and USS Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN-69), rear, in 2011

(upper center), with (lower center), in 1990

USS Saratoga (CV-60) (upper center), with USS John F. Kennedy (CV-67) (lower center), in 1990

Aircraft carriers are warships that act as airbases for carrier-based aircraft. In the United States Navy, these ships are designated with hull classification symbols such as CV (Aircraft Carrier), CVA (Attack Aircraft Carrier), CVB (Large Aircraft Carrier), CVL (Light Aircraft Carrier), CVE (Escort Aircraft Carrier), CVS (Antisubmarine Aircraft Carrier) and CVN (Aircraft Carrier (Nuclear Propulsion)). Beginning with the Forrestal class, (CV-59 to present) all carriers commissioned into service are classified as supercarriers.

The U.S. Navy has also used escort aircraft carriers (CVE, previously AVG and ACV) and airship aircraft carriers (ZRS). In addition, various amphibious warfare ships (LHA, LHD, LPH, and to a lesser degree LPD and LSD classes) can operate as carriers; two of these were converted to mine countermeasures support ships (MCS), one of which carried minesweeping helicopters. All of these classes of ships have their own lists and so are not included here.

Historical overview[]

The first aircraft carrier commissioned into the U.S. Navy was USS Langley (CV-1) on 20 March 1922. The Langley was a converted Proteus-class collier, originally commissioned as USS Jupiter (AC-3).[1] It was soon followed by the other pre-World War II classes: the Lexington class; USS Ranger, the first U.S. purpose-built carrier; theYorktown class, and USS Wasp.[2]

As World War II loomed, two more classes of carriers were commissioned under President Franklin Roosevelt: the Essex class, which is informally divided into regular bow and extended bow sub-classes, and the Independence-class ships, which are classified as light aircraft carriers.[3] Between these two classes, 35 ships were completed.[citation needed] The Navy also purchased two training vessels, USS Wolverine and USS Sable, which were given the unclassified miscellaneous (IX) hull designation.[4]

The Midway class and the Saipan class were built later in World War II, but entered service too late to serve in the war. The Midway class would serve during the entire Cold War.[5]

At the start of the Cold War, the first supercarriers, the United States class, were canceled due to the Truman administration's policy of shrinking the United States Navy and in particular, the Navy's air assets. The policy was revised after a public outcry and Congressional hearings sparked by the Revolt of the Admirals.[citation needed]

Later in the Cold War, supercarrier construction began with the Forrestal class,[6] followed by the Kitty Hawk class; Enterprise (CVN-65), the first nuclear-powered carrier; and John F. Kennedy (CV-67), the last conventionally powered carrier. These were followed by the Nimitz class and the modern-day post-cold war Gerald R. Ford-class nuclear supercarriers, the only two classes of supercarriers that are currently in active-duty service.[7] With the ten-ship Nimitz class complete by 2009, October 2013 saw the launch of Gerald R. Ford, lead ship of the planned ten-ship Gerald R. Ford class. This was followed by the launch of John F. Kennedy (CVN-79) in October 2019, while construction is underway on Enterprise (CVN-80) and Doris Miller (CVN-81).[11]

List[]

Keys
  •    out of service
  •    in active service
  •    cancelled before completion
  •    under construction
  •    on order
List of aircraft carriers of the United States Navy
Hull no. Name Image Class Commissioned Decommissioned Service life Status Template:Reference heading
CV-1 Langley USS Langley (CV-1) underway in June 1927 (520809) Langley (lead ship) 20 March 1922 27 February 1942 19 years, 344 days Sunk near Cilacap, Java in 1942 [12][13][14]
CV-2 Lexington USS Lexington (CV-2) leaving San Diego on 14 October 1941 (80-G-416362) Lexington (lead ship) 14 December 1927 8 May 1942 14 years, 145 days Sunk in the Battle of the Coral Sea in 1942 [14][15]
CV-3 Saratoga USS Saratoga (CV-3) landing planes on 6 June 1935 (80-G-651292) Lexington 16 November 1927 25 July 1946 18 years, 253 days Sunk as target ship near Bikini Atoll during Operation Crossroads in 1946 [14][16]
CV-4 Ranger USS Ranger (CV-4) underway at sea during the later 1930s Ranger (lead ship) 4 June 1934 18 October 1946 12 years, 136 days Scrapped in 1947 [17]
CV-5 Yorktown USS Yorktown (CV-5) Jul1937 Yorktown (lead ship) 30 September 1937 7 June 1942 4 years, 250 days Sunk in the Battle of Midway in 1942 [18]
CV-6 Enterprise USS Enterprise (CV-6) in Puget Sound, September 1945 Yorktown 12 May 1938 17 February 1947 8 years, 281 days Scrapped in 1960 [19]
CV-7 Wasp USS Wasp (CV-7) entering Hampton Roads on 26 May 1942 Wasp (lead ship) 25 April 1940 15 September 1942 2 years, 143 days Sunk during the Guadalcanal campaign in 1942 [20]
CV-8 Hornet Aft view of USS Hornet (CV-8), circa in late 1941 (NH 81313) Yorktown 20 October 1941 27 October 1942 1 year, 7 days Sunk in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands in 1942 [21][22]
CV-9 Essex USS Essex (CV-9) in Hampton Roads on 1 February 1943 (NNAM.1996.488.242.078) Essex (lead ship) 31 December 1942 30 June 1969 26 years, 171 days Scrapped in 1975 [23]
CV-10 Yorktown USS Yorktown (CVS-10) underway at sea on 10 March 1963 Essex 15 April 1943 27 June 1970 27 years, 73 days Preserved at the Patriot's Point Naval & Maritime Museum—Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, USA [24]
CV-11 Intrepid USS Intrepid (CV-11) operating in the Philippine Sea in November 1944 (NH 97468) Essex 16 August 1943 15 March 1974 30 years, 211 days Preserved at the Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum—New York City, New York, USA [25]
CV-12 Hornet USS Hornet (CVS-12) underway in the Gulf of Tonkin on 5 September 1967 Essex 29 November 1943 26 June 1970 26 years, 218 days Preserved at USS Hornet Museum—Alameda, California, USA [26]
CV-13 Franklin USS Franklin (CV-13) approaching New York, April 1945 Essex 31 January 1944 17 February 1947 2 years, 351 days Scrapped in 1966 [27]
CV-14 Ticonderoga USS Ticonderoga (CVA-14) refueling from USS Ashtabula (AO-51) off Vietnam c1966 Essex (extended bow) 8 May 1944 1 September 1973 29 years, 116 days Scrapped in 1975 [28]
CV-15 Randolph USS Randolph (CVS-15) underway on 25 October 1959 (USN 1059601) Essex (extended bow) 9 October 1944 13 February 1969 24 years, 127 days Scrapped in 1975 [29]
CV-16 Lexington USS Lexington (CVS-16) underway in the 1960s Essex 17 February 1943 8 November 1991 48 years, 264 days Preserved at USS Lexington Museum on the Bay— Corpus Christi, Texas, USA [30]
CV-17 Bunker Hill USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) at sea in 1945 (NH 42373) Essex 25 May 1943 9 January 1947 3 years, 229 days Scrapped in 1973 [31][32][33]
CV-18 Wasp USS Wasp (CVS-18) underway at sea, circa in early 1967 (NH 97509) Essex 24 November 1943 1 July 1972 28 years, 220 days Scrapped in 1973 [34]
CV-19 Hancock USS Hancock (CVA-19) off Pearl Harbor 1968 Essex (extended bow) 15 April 1944 30 January 1976 31 years, 290 days Scrapped in 1976 [35]
CV-20 Bennington USS Bennington (CVS-20) underway at sea on 5 March 1965 (NH 97581) Essex 6 August 1944 15 January 1970 25 years, 162 days Scrapped in 1994 [36]
CV-21 Boxer USS Boxer (CVA-21) underway off Korea in July 1953 Essex (extended bow) 16 April 1945 1 December 1969 24 years, 229 days Scrapped in 1971 [37]
CVL-22 Independence USS Independence (CVL-22) in San Francisco Bay on 15 July 1943 (80-G-74436) Independence (lead ship) 14 January 1943 28 August 1946 3 years, 226 days Sunk as target ship near the Farallon Islands in 1951 [38]
CVL-23 Princeton USS Princeton (CVL-23) underway in Puget Sound on 3 January 1944 (NH 95651) Independence 25 February 1943 24 October 1944 1 year, 242 days Sunk in the Battle of Leyte Gulf in 1944 [10]
CVL-24 Belleau Wood USS Belleau Wood (CVL-24) underway on 22 December 1943 (NH 97269) Independence 31 March 1943 13 January 1947 3 years, 288 days Scrapped in 1960 [10]
CVL-25 Cowpens USS Cowpens (CVL-25) underway at sea in 1945 (80-G-468977) Independence 28 May 1943 13 January 1947 3 years, 230 days Scrapped in 1960 [10]
CVL-26 Monterey USS Monterey (CVL-26) at anchor in Ulithi Atoll on 24 November 1944 Independence 17 June 1943 16 January 1956 12 years, 213 days Scrapped in 1971 [10]
CVL-27 Langley USS Langley (CVL-27) underway off Cape Henry on 6 October 1943 (80-G-87113) Independence 31 August 1943 11 February 1947 3 years, 164 days Scrapped in 1964 [10]
CVL-28 Cabot USS Cabot (CVL-28) underway at sea, 26 July 1945 (80-G-262768) Independence 24 July 1943 21 January 1955 11 years, 181 days Scrapped in 2002 [10]
CVL-29 Bataan USS Bataan (CVL-29) underway at sea in January 1952 Independence 17 November 1943 9 April 1954 10 years, 143 days Scrapped in 1961 [39]
CVL-30 San Jacinto USS San Jacinto (CVL-30) underway at sea on 23 January 1944 (80-G-212799) Independence 15 November 1943 1 March 1947 3 years, 106 days Scrapped in 1972 [10]
CV-31 Bon Homme Richard USS Bon Homme Richard (CVA-31) underway at sea c1965 Essex 26 November 1944 2 July 1971 26 years, 218 days Scrapped in 1992 [40]
CV-32 Leyte USS Leyte (CV-32) with F9Fs Essex (extended bow) 11 April 1946 15 May 1959 13 years, 34 days Scrapped in 1970 [10]
CV-33 Kearsarge USS Kearsarge (CVA-33) underway c1957 Essex (extended bow) 2 March 1946 13 February 1970 23 years, 348 days Scrapped in 1974 [41]
CV-34 Oriskany USS Oriskany (CVA-34) near Midway Atoll 1967 Essex (extended bow) 25 September 1950 20 September 1976 28 years, 360 days Scuttled as artificial reef in the Gulf of Mexico in 2006 [10]
CV-35 Reprisal CV-35 Reprisal Essex (extended bow) N/A N/A N/A Cancelled during construction. Scrapped in 1949 [42]
CV-36 Antietam USS Antietam (CVS-36) operating training aircraft on 19 April 1961 (KN-4834) Essex (extended bow) 28 January 1945 8 May 1963 18 years, 100 days Scrapped in 1974 [43]
CV-37 Princeton USS Princeton (LPH-5) underway at sea, circa 1965 (NNAM.1996.488.060.030) Essex (extended bow) 18 November 1945 30 January 1970 24 years, 73 days Scrapped in 1971 [citation needed]
CV-38 Shangri-La USS Shangri-La (CV-38) underway in the Pacific Ocean, 17 August 1946 (80-G-278827) Essex (extended bow) 15 September 1944 30 July 1971 26 years, 318 days Scrapped in 1988 [44]
CV-39 Lake Champlain USS Lake Champlain (CVS-39) underway in February 1965 (USN 1114106) Essex (extended bow) 3 June 1945 2 May 1966 20 years, 333 days Scrapped in 1972 [citation needed]
CV-40 Tarawa USS Tarawa (CVA-40) underway at sea on 18 December 1952 Essex (extended bow) 8 December 1945 13 May 1960 14 years, 157 days Scrapped in 1968 [citation needed]
CVB-41 Midway USS Midway (CVA-41) after SCB-110 modernization in 1958 Midway (lead ship) 10 September 1945 11 April 1992 46 years, 214 days Preserved at the USS Midway Museum—San Diego, California, USA [45]
CVB-42 Franklin D. Roosevelt USS Franklin D. Roosevelt (CVA-42) Sep 1967 Midway 27 October 1945 1 October 1977 31 years, 339 days Scrapped in 1978 [46]
CVB-43 Coral Sea USS Coral Sea (CVA-43) underway in the Pacific Ocean, circa in 1972 (NNAM.1996.488.120.058) Midway 1 October 1947 26 April 1990 42 years, 207 days Scrapped in 2000 [47]
CV-44 No name assigned (no image available) Midway N/A N/A N/A Cancelled before construction began. [48]
CV-45 Valley Forge USS Valley Forge (LPH-8) underway in the Pacific Ocean, circa 1962-63 (NH 96946) Essex (extended bow) 3 November 1946 15 January 1970 23 years, 73 days Scrapped in 1971 [citation needed]
CV-46 Iwo Jima CV-46 Iwo Jima Essex (extended bow) N/A N/A N/A Cancelled during construction. Scrapped in 1949 [49]
CV-47 Philippine Sea USS Philippine Sea (CVA-47) underway off Korea on 3 May 1953 (80-G-629442) Essex (extended bow) 11 May 1946 28 December 1958 12 years, 231 days Scrapped in 1971 [citation needed]
CVL-48 Saipan USS Saipan (CVL-48) underway c1955 Saipan (lead ship) 14 July 1946 14 January 1970 23 years, 184 days Scrapped in 1976 [citation needed]
CVL-49 Wright USS Wright (CVL-49) underway in the early 1950s Saipan 9 February 1947 27 May 1970 23 years, 107 days Scrapped in 1980 [10]
CV-50 – CV-55 No names assigned (no images available) Essex These hulls were all cancelled before construction began. [48]
CVB-56, CVB-57 Midway
CVA-58 United States Artist's impression of the US Navy aircraft carrier USS United States (CVA-58) in October 1948 United States (lead ship) N/A N/A N/A Cancelled during construction. Scrapped on slip in 1949 [50]
CV-59 Forrestal USS Forrestal (CVA-59) underway at sea in 1957 Forrestal (lead ship) 1 October 1955 11 September 1993 37 years, 345 days Scrapped in 2015 [51]

[52] [53]

CV-60 Saratoga USS Saratoga (CV-60) underway in the Adriatic Sea on 29 July 1992 (6480624) Forrestal 14 April 1956 20 August 1994 38 years, 128 days Scrapped in 2019 [54]
CV-61 Ranger USS Ranger (CV-61) departing San Diego, in February 1987 (NH 97689-KN) Forrestal 10 August 1957 10 July 1993 35 years, 334 days Scrapped in 2017 [55]
CV-62 Independence USS Independence (CV-62) at sea during the later 1980s or early 1990s (NH 97715) Forrestal 10 January 1959 30 September 1998 39 years, 263 days Scrapped in 2019 [56]
CV-63 Kitty Hawk US Navy 050517-N-0120R-127 The conventionally powered aircraft carrier USS Kitty Hawk (CV 63) sails past a small group of Japanese fishing vessels and heads toward Sagami Bay Kitty Hawk (lead ship) 29 April 1961 12 May 2009 48 years, 13 days Scrapped in 2024 [57][58]

[59] [60]

CV-64 Constellation USS Constellation (CV-64) off Perth, Australia, on 29 April 2003 Kitty Hawk 27 October 1961 7 August 2003 41 years, 284 days Scrapped in 2017 [61]
CVN-65 Enterprise USS Enterprise (CVN-65) underway in the Atlantic Ocean on 14 June 2004 (040614-N-0119G-020) Enterprise (lead ship) 25 November 1961 3 February 2017 55 years, 70 days Struck, to be scrapped [62]
CV-66 America USS America (CV-66) underway in the Indian Ocean on 24 April 1983 Kitty Hawk 23 January 1965 9 August 1996 31 years, 199 days Sunk as target ship in the Atlantic Ocean in 2005 [63]
CV-67 John F. Kennedy USS John F. Kennedy (CV-67) departs Naval Station Mayport on 11 November 2003 John F. Kennedy (lead ship) 7 September 1968 23 March 2007 38 years, 197 days Undergoing scrapping [64]

[60]

CVN-68 Nimitz USS Nimitz (CVN-68) Nimitz (lead ship) 3 May 1975 — 50 years, 204 days Stationed at Naval Base Kitsap, Bremerton, Washington [65]
CVN-69 Dwight D. Eisenhower US Navy 060617-N-0490C-010 The Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN 69) conducts a turn in the Atlantic Ocean. Eisenhower is underway conducting routine carrier operations Nimitz 18 October 1977 — 48 years, 36 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [66]
CVN-70 Carl Vinson USS Carl Vinson (CVN-70) underway in the Pacific Ocean on 31 May 2015 Nimitz 13 March 1982 — 43 years, 255 days Stationed at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, California [67]

[68]

CVN-71 Theodore Roosevelt 200125-N-LH674-1073 USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) Nimitz 25 October 1986 — 39 years, 29 days Stationed at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, California [69]

[70]

CVN-72 Abraham Lincoln USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72) underway in the Atlantic Ocean on 30 January 2019 (190130-N-PW716-1312) Nimitz 11 November 1989 — 36 years, 12 days Stationed at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego, California [71]
CVN-73 George Washington US Navy 101206-N-5538K-395 The aircraft carrier USS George Washington (CVN 76) transits the East China Sea Nimitz 4 July 1992 — 33 years, 142 days Stationed at Fleet Activities Yokosuka, Yokosuka, Japan [72]
CVN-74 John C. Stennis USS John C. Stennis, 2007May11 Nimitz 9 December 1995 — 29 years, 349 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia

(Undergoing Maintenance)

[73]
CVN-75 Harry S. Truman USS Harry S. Truman (CVN-75) underway in the Atlantic Ocean on 11 September 2018 (180911-N-EA818-2106) Nimitz 25 July 1998 — 27 years, 121 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [74]
CVN-76 Ronald Reagan USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot Nimitz 12 July 2003 — 22 years, 134 days Stationed at Naval Base Kitsap, Bremerton, Washington [75]
CVN-77 George H.W. Bush US Navy 110129-N-3885H-158 USS George H.W. Bush (CVN 77) is underway in the Atlantic Ocean Nimitz 10 January 2009 — 16 years, 317 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [76]
CVN-78 Gerald R. Ford USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) underway on 8 April 2017 Gerald R. Ford (lead ship) 22 July 2017 — 8 years, 124 days Stationed at Naval Station Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia [77][78]
CVN-79 John F. Kennedy Illustration of USS John F. Kennedy (CVN-79) (110623-N-ZZ999-203) Gerald R. Ford c. 2027[79] — — Fitting out [8][80][81]
CVN-80 Enterprise USS Enterprise (CVN-80) artist depiction Gerald R. Ford c. 2030[82] — — Under construction [8][83][9]
CVN-81 Doris Miller Bow view of USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) underway on 8 April 2017 Gerald R. Ford c. 2032 — — Under construction [8][84][85]
CVN-82 William J. Clinton Bow view of USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) underway on 8 April 2017 Gerald R. Ford c. 2034 — — Ordered [8][86]
CVN-83 George W. Bush Bow view of USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) underway on 8 April 2017 Gerald R. Ford c. 2036 — — Ordered [8][86]

Training ships[]

During World War II, the United States Navy purchased two Great Lakes side-wheel paddle steamers and converted them into freshwater aircraft carrier training ships. Both vessels were designated with the hull classification symbol IX and lacked hangar decks, elevators or armaments. The role of these ships was for the training of pilots for carrier take-offs and landings in a safe area where the carriers would not be at risk of attack by hostile forces.[87] Together the Sable and Wolverine trained 17,820 pilots in 116,000 carrier landings. Of these, 51,000 landings were on Sable.[88]

Billed as the "world's smallest aircraft carrier" from 1986 to 2011, the Baylander (IX-514) had conducted 120,000 helicopter training landings.[89]

# Name Image Class Commissioned Decommissioned Service life Status Template:Reference heading
IX-64 Wolverine USS Wolverine (IX-64) at anchor in Lake Michigan (USA) on 6 April 1943 (NH 43517) n/a
(converted side-wheel steamer) 		12 August 1942 7 November 1945 3 years, 2 months and 26 days Scrapped in 1947 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States [90][10]
IX-81 Sable USS Sable (IX-81) underway on Lake Michigan (USA) in 1944-45 (NNAM.2003.220.003) n/a
(converted side-wheel steamer) 		8 May 1943 7 November 1945 2 years, 5 months and 30 days Scrapped in 1948 in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada [90][10]
IX-514 Baylander US Navy 060825-N-0856O-527 The Naval Air Station (NAS) Pensacola-based Navy Helicopter Landing Trainer (HLT) IX-514 transports a TH-57 helicopter from NAS Whiting Field n/a
(converted harbor utility craft YFU-79) 		31 March 1986 15 December 2011 25 years, 8 months and 14 days As of July 2020, the Baylander serves as a restaurant and bar in New York City. [91][92]

Aircraft carrier museums[]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ↑ "USS Langley (CV-1 & AV-3)". http://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/photography/us-navy-ships/aircraft-carriers/uss-langley--cv-1---av-3-.html. 
  2. ↑ "World War I Centenary: Aircraft Carriers". https://online.wsj.com/ww1/aircraft-carriers. 
  3. ↑ "Aircraft Carriers in World War II - Engineering and Technology History Wiki". http://ethw.org/Aircraft_Carriers_in_World_War_II. 
  4. ↑ "Western New York Heritage Press". http://wnyheritagepress.org/photos_week_2005/greater_buffalo/greater_buffalo.htm. 
  5. ↑ "CVB-41 (later CV-41) Midway class - Navy Ships". http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/cv-41.htm. 
  6. ↑ "CV-59 Forrestal class - Navy Ships". http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/cv-59.htm. 
  7. ↑ Petty, Dan. "The US Navy -- Fact File: Aircraft Carriers - CVN". http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=200&ct=4. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 O'Rourke, Ronald (12 June 2015). "Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress". Congressional Research Service. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/weapons/RS20643.pdf. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "USS Enterprise: Past Present And Future". The Official US Navy Blog. US Navy. http://navylive.dodlive.mil/?p=14424. 
  10. ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 Petty, Dan. "The US Navy Aircraft Carriers". http://www.navy.mil/navydata/ships/carriers/cv-list.asp. 
  11. ↑ [8][9][10]
  12. ↑ Kaplan, Phillip (2013). Naval Air: Celebrating a Century of Naval Flying. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-7815-9241-0. 
  13. ↑ Roscoe, Theodore (1984). United States Destroyer Operations in World War II. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-8702-1726-7. https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesdest0000rosc. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Board for selling doomed warships". 1922-05-03. ISSN 0362-4331. https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B01EFD71739EF3ABC4B53DFB3668389639EDE. 
  15. ↑ "NH 61245". https://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/photography/numerical-list-of-images/nhhc-series/nh-series/NH-61000/NH-61245.html. 
  16. ↑ Fear, Peter. "From Hermes To Saratoga - Diving two aircraft carriers within two months - The Scuba Doctor". https://www.scubadoctor.com.au/article-hermes-to-saratoga.htm. 
  17. ↑ "USS Ranger (CV-4)". https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/museums/nmusn/explore/photography/ships-us/ships-usn-r/uss-ranger-cv4.html. 
  18. ↑ "USS Yorktown (CV 5)". United States Navy. 11 June 2009. http://www.navy.mil/navydata/nav_legacy.asp?id=14. 
  19. ↑ "Specifications and Armament". http://www.cv6.org/ship/big_e.htm. 
  20. ↑ "USS Wasp (CV-7)". http://www.navsource.net/archives/02/07.htm. 
  21. ↑ "CV-8 Brief History – World War II – Aircraft Carrier USS Hornet Museum". http://www.uss-hornet.org/history/wwii/briefhistory.shtml. 
  22. ↑ "USS Hornet CV-8". http://www.its.caltech.edu/~drmiles/cv-8.html. 
  23. ↑ "Essex". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS9.HTM. 
  24. ↑ "Yorktown". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS10.HTM. 
  25. ↑ "Intrepid". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS11.HTM. 
  26. ↑ "Hornet". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS12.HTM. 
  27. ↑ "Franklin". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV13.HTM. 
  28. ↑ "Ticonderoga". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS14.HTM. 
  29. ↑ "Randolph". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS15.HTM. 
  30. ↑ "USS Lexington (CV-16) Deployments & History". http://www.hullnumber.com/CV-16. 
  31. ↑ "Bunker Hill I (CV-17)". https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/b/bunker-hill-i.html. 
  32. ↑ "Aircraft Carrier USS Bunker Hill (CV-17)". http://ww2db.com/ship_spec.php?ship_id=164. 
  33. ↑ "USS Bunker Hill (CV-17)". http://www.navsource.net/archives/02/17.htm. 
  34. ↑ "Wasp". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS18.HTM. 
  35. ↑ "Hancock". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV19.HTM. 
  36. ↑ "Bennington". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS20.HTM. 
  37. ↑ "USS Boxer (CV-21) Deployments & History". http://www.hullnumber.com/CV-21. 
  38. ↑ "Welcome Aboard The USS Independence CVL-22 Official Site". http://www.cvl-22.com/history.html. 
  39. ↑ "USS Bataan (CVL-29)". United States Navy. 12 June 2009. http://www.navy.mil/navydata/nav_legacy.asp?id=46. 
  40. ↑ "Bon Homme Richard". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVA31.HTM. 
  41. ↑ "Kearsarge". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS33.HTM. 
  42. ↑ "REPRISAL (CV-35)". http://www.navsource.net/archives/02/35.htm. 
  43. ↑ "Antietam". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS36.HTM. 
  44. ↑ "Shangri-la". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVS38.HTM. 
  45. ↑ "Midway". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV41.HTM. 
  46. ↑ "Franklin D. Roosevelt". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV42.HTM. 
  47. ↑ "Coral Sea". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV43.HTM. 
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 "Aircraft Carrier Photo Index". http://www.navsource.net/archives/02idx.htm. 
  49. ↑ "IWO JIMA (CV-46)". http://www.navsource.net/archives/02/46.htm. 
  50. ↑ "UNITED STATES (CVA-58)". http://www.navsource.net/archives/02/58.htm. 
  51. ↑ Killmeyer. "6 JUNE 1967 - 47 Years Ago". http://www.uss-forrestal.com/history/10/6-JUNE-1967-47-Years-Ago-USS-FORRESTAL. 
  52. ↑ "Brief History of the USS Forrestal". http://www.uss-forrestal.com/history/2/Brief-History-of-the-USS-FORRESTAL. 
  53. ↑ "USS Forrestal (CVA-59)". http://www.navsource.net/archives/02/59.htm. 
  54. ↑ "Saratoga". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV60.HTM. 
  55. ↑ "Ranger". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV61.HTM. 
  56. ↑ "Independence". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV62.HTM. 
  57. ↑ "Kitty Hawk". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV63.HTM. 
  58. ↑ "Navy Decommissions USS Kitty Hawk". 12 May 2009. https://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=45202. 
  59. ↑ Stanford, Julianne (24 October 2017). "Former USS Kitty Hawk to be disposed of by dismantling". https://www.kitsapsun.com/story/news/local/2017/10/24/former-uss-kitty-hawk-disposed-dismantling/795128001/. 
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 Mongilio, Heather (13 October 2021). "Sale of Last Conventional Supercarriers Deals Final Blow To Museum Hopes". https://news.usni.org/2021/10/13/sale-of-last-conventional-supercarriers-deals-final-blow-to-museum-hopes. 
  61. ↑ "Constellation". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV64.HTM. 
  62. ↑ "Enterprise". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN65.HTM. 
  63. ↑ "America". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV66.HTM. 
  64. ↑ "John F. Kennedy". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CV67.HTM. 
  65. ↑ "Nimitz". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN68.HTM. 
  66. ↑ "Dwight D. Eisenhower". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN69.HTM. 
  67. ↑ "Carl Vinson". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN70.HTM. 
  68. ↑ Ben Westcott (19 April 2017). "Where in the world is the USS Carl Vinson?". http://www.cnn.com/2017/04/19/asia/uss-carl-vinson-north-korea-timeline/index.html. 
  69. ↑ "Theodore Roosevelt". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN71.HTM. 
  70. ↑ Diana Stancy Correll (2 July 2021). "Theodore Roosevelt Switching Homeport to Bremerton". https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2021/07/02/theodore-roosevelt-switching-homeport-to-bremerton. 
  71. ↑ "Abraham Lincoln". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN72.HTM. 
  72. ↑ "George Washington". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN73.HTM. 
  73. ↑ "John C. Stennis". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN74.HTM. 
  74. ↑ "Harry S. Truman". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN75.HTM. 
  75. ↑ "Ronald Reagan". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN76.HTM. 
  76. ↑ "George H.W. Bush". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN77.HTM. 
  77. ↑ "Gerald R. Ford". http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=101579. 
  78. ↑ "President Trump Commissions USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN 78)". http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=101579. 
  79. ↑ Mallory Shelbourne (7 July 2025). "Carrier John F. Kennedy Delivery Delayed 2 Years, Fleet Will Drop to 10 Carriers For 1 Year". https://news.usni.org/2025/07/07/carrier-john-f-kennedy-delivery-delayed-2-years-fleet-will-drop-to-10-carriers-for-1-year. Retrieved 8 July 2025. 
  80. ↑ "John F. Kennedy". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN79.HTM. 
  81. ↑ "Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress". http://sgp.fas.org/crs/weapons/RS20643.pdf. 
  82. ↑ Mallory Shelbourne (7 July 2025). "Carrier John F. Kennedy Delivery Delayed 2 Years, Fleet Will Drop to 10 Carriers For 1 Year". https://news.usni.org/2025/07/07/carrier-john-f-kennedy-delivery-delayed-2-years-fleet-will-drop-to-10-carriers-for-1-year. Retrieved 8 July 2025. 
  83. ↑ "Enterprise". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN80.HTM. 
  84. ↑ Cole, William (2020-01-17). "Navy to name aircraft carrier for Pearl Harbor hero Doris Miller" (in en-US). https://www.staradvertiser.com/2020/01/17/hawaii-news/navy-to-name-aircraft-carrier-for-pearl-harbor-hero-doris-miller/. 
  85. ↑ "Doris Miller". http://www.nvr.navy.mil/NVRSHIPS/DETAILS/CVN81.HTM. 
  86. ↑ 86.0 86.1 Collette, Christopher (13 January 2025). "Future US aircraft carriers to bear Clinton and Bush names". WVEC. https://www.13newsnow.com/article/news/national/military-news/aircraft-carriers-uss-bill-clinton-uss-george-w-bush/291-d1a389ee-cff7-40bd-97b7-ff19a4f24fb1. 
  87. ↑ Drachinifel (March 20, 2024). "USS Wolverine and USS Sable - Paddle Carriers of the Icy North" (in en) (video). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2FaIc4qRdLI. 
  88. ↑ "The Greater Buffalo & The U.S.S. Sable". WNY Heritage Press. 2005. http://wnyheritagepress.org/photos_week_2005/greater_buffalo/greater_buffalo.htm. 
  89. ↑ "Historic U.S. Navy Vessel Open to Public for First Time at Future Site of BBP Marina". Brooklyn Bridge Park. 17 July 2014. http://www.brooklynbridgepark.org/press/historic-u-s-navy-vessel-open-to-public-for-first-time-at-future-site-of-brooklyn-bridge-park-marina. Retrieved 20 November 2016. 
  90. ↑ 90.0 90.1 "USN Aircraft Carriers Throughout History". http://www.militaryfactory.com/ships/us-navy-aircraft-carriers.asp. 
  91. ↑ Leaden, Claire (14 July 2020). "This Old Aircraft Carrier In Harlem Is Now A Breezy Floating Bar • Baylander Steel Beach". SecretNYC. https://secretnyc.co/harlem-aircraft-carrier-bar-baylander/. Retrieved 17 July 2020. 
  92. ↑ Pallini, Thomas (19 July 2020). "I ate at an outdoor restaurant in NYC built on what was once the world's smallest aircraft carrier. The vibe was great but the food was a huge disappointment.". Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/baylander-steel-beach-restaurant-on-worlds-smallest-aircraft-carrier-2020-7. Retrieved 29 July 2020. 

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