List of Victorian Football League players who died on active service

Since the inception of the Victorian Football League in 1897, many of its players have served in the armed services, including the Anglo-Boer War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War (in which Melbourne's Geoff Collins served as a fighter pilot), and the Vietnam War (in which Geelong's Wayne Closter served).

A number of the VFL players who served also lost their lives on active service; they were either killed in action, or died as a consequence of the wounds, injuries, and/or illnesses they had suffered in their active service.^[1]

According to Main & Allen (2002, p.x), "no VFL footballer was killed in any wars other than the Anglo-Boer War and the two World Wars".

The Anglo-Boer War[]

Charlie Moore and Stan Reid, the only two VFL players to be killed in the Anglo-Boer War, had played against each other in the 1898 VFL Grand Final.

Reid had played in the back-pocket for Fitzroy and was one of Fitzroy's best players, whilst Moore had played at full-forward for Essendon. Fitzroy won the match 5.8 (38) to 3.5 (23), with Moore kicking one of Essendon's three goals.^[2]

Moore had already played a number of senior games for Albert Park Football Club (and, possibly, also for the South Melbourne Football Club) in the VFA before moving to play for Essendon in the VFL's inaugural year of 1897,^[3] whilst Stan Reid had played quite a number of senior games for the Fitzroy Football Club in the VFA prior to 1897.^[4]

Player	VFL Games	VFL Club(s)	Rank held at time of death	Date of death	Location
Charlie Moore	30	Essendon	Trooper, 4th Victorian Imperial Bushmen's Contingent	12 May 1901	Kwaggashoek Farm, South Africa^[5]
Stan Reid	24	Fitzroy	Lieutenant, 6th Western Australian Mounted Infantry	29 June 1901	Middel-Kraal, South Africa^[6]

World War I[]

Despite the various suggestions that have been given over time, related to particular individuals, it is clear that, because, at least, six former VFL footballers were killed during the chaos of the landing at Anzac Cove on Sunday, 25 April 1915 — Lieutenant Joseph Rupert "Rupert" Balfe (University), Private Joseph Alan "Alan" Cordner (180) (Geelong and Collingwood), Private Claude Terrell Crowl (337) (St Kilda), Private Charles "Charlie" Fincher (472) (South Melbourne), Private Fenley John "Fen" McDonald (127) (Carlton and Melbourne), and Corporal Arthur Mueller "Joe" Pearce (418) (Melbourne) — it can never be definitively argued that any particular one of these men was "the first VFL footballer killed in the First World War".

Player	VFL Games	VFL Club(s)	Rank held at time of death	Date of death	Location
James Aitken	1	Geelong	Private, 5th Battalion, First A.I.F.	8 August 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[7]
Rupert Balfe	7	University	Lieutenant, 6th Battalion, First A.I.F.	25 April 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[8]
John Bell	18	Geelong	Captain, No. 2 Squadron,^[9] Australian Flying Corps	27 December 1917	Western Front, France^[10]
Lewis Blackmore	7	Essendon	Second Lieutenant, 1st Battalion, First A.I.F.	23 July 1916	Pozières, France^[11]
Jim Bonella	1	Melbourne	Private 2nd Battalion Australian Machine Gun Corps	24 May 1918	France^[12]
Norman Bradford	7	South Melbourne	Corporal, 23rd Battalion, First A.I.F.	4 August 1916	Pozières, France^[13]
Cliff Burge	5	Melbourne	Lieutenant, 24th Battalion, First A.I.F.	14 August 1918	Villers-Bretonneux, France^[14]
Arthur Caldwell	8	St Kilda	Private, 4th Battalion, First A.I.F.	26 July 1915	Valletta, Malta^[15]
Sam Campbell	1	Collingwood	Private Australian Reinforcement	21 October 1918	Sierra Leone^[16]
Hughie Callan	71	Essendon South Melbourne	Private, 14th Battalion, First A.I.F.	5 February 1917	Bapaume, France^[17]
George Challis	70	Carlton	Sergeant, 58th Battalion, First A.I.F.	15 July 1916	Armentières, France^[18]
Thornton Clarke	4	Fitzroy	Corporal, 60th Battalion, First A.I.F.	19 July 1916	Fromelles, France^[19]
Harry Collins DCM	6	Fitzroy	Lieutenant, 6th Battalion, First A.I.F.	10 August 1918	Villers-Bretonneux, France^[20]
Jack Cooper	136	Fitzroy	Lance-Corporal, 8th Battalion, First A.I.F.	20 September 1917	Polygon Wood, Belgium^[21]
Arch Corbett	7	University	Captain, Australian Army Medical Corps, First A.I.F.	25 June 1920	Lost at sea off Toulon, France^[22]
Alan Cordner	23	Geelong Collingwood	Private, 6th Battalion, First A.I.F.	25 April 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[23]
Claude Crowl	3	St Kilda	Private, 8th Battalion, First A.I.F.	25 April 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[24]
Joe Crowl	3	Geelong	Captain, 8th Australian, Light Horse, First A.I.F.	27 June 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[25]
Dave Cumming MC and Bar	21	University	Captain, 48th Battalion, First A.I.F.	3 May 1918	Villers-Bretonneux, France^[26]
Harry Daniel	11	Carlton	Private 5th Battalion (Infantry)	10 August 1918	France^[27]
Jack Doubleday	53	University Melbourne	Lieutenant, Australian Dental Corps, First A.I.F.	30 October 1918	Died at sea, Indian Ocean^[28]
George Elliott MC	80	Fitzroy University	Captain, Australian Army Medical Corps, First A.I.F.	25 September 1917	Chateau Wood, Ypres, France^[29]
Jim Farnan	1	St Kilda	Private 46th Battalion (Infantry)	9 August 1916	France^[30]
Fred Fielding	18	South Melbourne Collingwood	Private, 28th Battalion, First A.I.F.	8 August 1918	Villers-Bretonneux, France^[31]
Charlie Fincher	9	South Melbourne	Private, 5th Battalion, First A.I.F.	25 April 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[32]
Bill Fischer	1	Melbourne	Sergeant 8th Brigade Australian Field Artillery	15 October 1917	Belgium^[33]
Chris Fogarty	28	Essendon University	Lieutenant, 24th Battalion, First A.I.F.	29 November 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[34]
Jack Freeman	22	South Melbourne	Sapper, 2nd Field Company, Australian Engineers, First A.I.F.	15 November 1916	Rouen, France^[35]
Dick Gibbs MC	35	University	Captain, 59th Battalion, First A.I.F.	19 July 1916	Fleurbaix, France^[36]
Dave Gillespie	5	Carlton	Company Sergeant Major, 59th Battalion, First A.I.F.	27 March 1917	Military Hospital Caulfield, Victoria^[37]
Jimmy Gordon	8	Essendon	Bombardier, 3rd AFA Brigade, Australian Field Artillery	30 September 1918	France^[38]
Albert Gourlay	6	Carlton Melbourne	Private, Wellington Infantry Regiment, New Zealand Expeditionary Force	15 August 1917	Military Hospital, England^[39]
Artie Harrison	20	Richmond Fitzroy	Lance-Corporal, 22nd Battalion, First A.I.F.	3 May 1917	Bullecourt France^[40]
Ed Harrison	7	South Melbourne	Sergeant, 24th Battalion, First A.I.F.	13 March 1917	Étaples France^[41]
Billy Harvey	9	Essendon	Captain 1st Pioneer Battalion	14 September 1917	Belgium^[42]
Arthur Hinman	24	University	Lieutenant, 15th Battalion, First A.I.F.	10 May 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[43]
Lou Holmes	1	St Kilda	Captain, 10th Battalion, First A.I.F.	23 June 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[44]
Tommy Hughes	6	Carlton	Private, 23rd Battalion, First A.I.F.	3 May 1917	The Somme, France^[45]
Herb Hunter	3	Essendon	Captain, 7th Battalion, First A.I.F.	8 May 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[46]
Les James	72	Geelong	Private, 14th Battalion, First A.I.F.	22 October 1917	Passchendaele, Belgium^[47]
Arthur Jones	7	Fitzroy	Trooper, 8th Australian Light Horse, First A.I.F.	7 August 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[48]
Malcolm Kennedy	17	Melbourne	Captain Headquarters 1 Australian Division	2 January, 1918	Belgium^[49]
Bill Landy	2	Geelong	Private, 58th Battalion, First A.I.F.	19 July 1916	Fromelles, France^[50]
Charles Langtree	1	Collingwood	Lieutenant, 159th Brigade Royal Field Artillery	3 August 1916	Corbie, France^[51]
Ron Larking MC and Bar	1	University	Captain, 38th Division, Signal Company, Royal Engineers	1 April 1918	Neuve-Église, France^[52]
Les Lee	2	Richmond	Private, 10th Machine Gun Company, First A.I.F.	8 June 1917	Messines, Belgium^[53]
Otto Lowenstern	12	St Kilda	Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)	1 December 1917	France^[54]
Frank Lugton	36	Melbourne	Lance-Corporal, 24th Battalion, First A.I.F.	29 July 1916	Villers-Bretonneux, France^[55]
Jim Mackie	5	Melbourne	Private, 21st Battalion, First A.I.F.	20 March 1917	Bapaume, France^[56]
Bill Madden	26	St Kilda	Lance Corporal 22nd Battalion (Infantry)	3 May 1917	France^[57]
Peter Martin	15	Collingwood	Private, 6th Battalion, First A.I.F.	25 March 1918	Military Hospital Caulfield, Victoria^[58]
Stan Martin	65	University	Corporal, 22nd Battalion, First A.I.F.	3 May 1917	Bullecourt France^[59]
Tom McCluskey	9	Carlton Fitzroy	Private, 37th Battalion, First A.I.F.	4 October 1917	Passchendaele, Belgium^[60]
Fen McDonald	11	Carlton Melbourne	Private, 37th Battalion, First A.I.F.	25 April 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[61]
Paddy McGuinness	1	St Kilda	Private 51st Battalion (Infantry)	6 May 1918	France^[62]
Fred McIntosh	39	University Essendon	Lieutenant, 59th Battalion, First A.I.F.	28 September 1917	Polygon Wood, Belgium^[63]
Arthur McKenzie	4	Geelong	Private, 1st Regiment South African Infantry	18 July 1916	Delville Wood, France^[64]
Stan McKenzie	14	Carlton	Sergeant, 1st Australian Clearing Hospital, First A.I.F.	8 December 1915	Alexandria, Egypt^[65]
Stan Neale MC	28	University	Captain, 59th Battalion, First A.I.F.	29 September 1918	Bellicourt, France^[66]
Jim Nicholas	1	University	Lieutenant Colonel, 5th Australian Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps	20 September 1917	Belgium^[67]
Bill Nolan	30	Richmond	Sergeant, 58th Battalion, First A.I.F.	23 July 1916	Fleurbaix, France^[68]
Bert O'Connell	2	St Kilda	Private, 24h Battalion, First A.I.F.	1 November 1918	Wales^[69]
Sid O'Neill	1	Fitzroy	Sergeant, 8th Australian Light Horse	7 August 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[70]
Alick Ogilvie	28	Melbourne University	Second Lieutenant, 12th Battalion, First A.I.F.	18 August 1915	Malta^[71]
Charlie Oliver	1	Carlton	Doctor Australian Army Medical Corps	29 December 1917^[72]	Melbourne, Australia^[73]
Harold Parker	3	St Kilda	2nd Lieutenant 37th Battalion (Infantry)	30 January 1917	France^[74]
Joe Pearce	152	Melbourne	Corporal, 7th Battalion, First A.I.F.	25 April 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[75]
Jim Pender	15	Carlton	Private, 14th Battalion, First A.I.F.	2 July 1916	Bois-Grenier, France^[76]
Hugh Plowman	26	St Kilda	Captain, 60th Battalion, First A.I.F.	19 July 1916	Fromelles, France^[77]
Leslie Primrose	16	University	Lieutenant, Australian Flying Corps	4 June 1918	The Somme, France^[78]
Harold Rippon	9	Melbourne South Melbourne	Private 2nd Pioneer Battalion	16 January 1917	France^[79]
Alex Robertson	10	University	Second Lieutenant, 11th Battalion, First A.I.F.	6 August 1915	Gallipoli, Turkey^[80]
Ralph Robertson	14	St Kilda	Second Lieutenant, Royal Flying Corps & Second Lieutenant, 8th Battalion, Hampshire Regiment	11 May 1917	Aboukir, Egypt^[81]
Percy Rodriguez	22	University Melbourne	Second Lieutenant, 23rd Battalion, First A.I.F.	20 March 1917	The Somme, France^[82]
Bill Rogers	3	Carlton	Corporal, 3rd Battalion, Machine Gun Corps, First A.I.F.	22 September 1918	near Rouen, France^[83]
Les Rogers^[84]	3	Essendon	Private 23rd Battalion (Infantry)	4 August 1916	France^[85]
Paddy Rowan^[86]	82	Collingwood	Sergeant, 29th Battalion, First A.I.F.	5 December 1916	Western Front, France^[87]
Bobby Royle	3	Melbourne	Private 2nd Company Machine Gun Corps	3 November 1916	France^[88]
Gerald Ryan	18	Essendon	Lance Sergeant, 14th Battalion, First A.I.F.	6 February 1917	Tidworth, Wiltshire, England^[89]
Cyril Seelenmeyer MC	6	University	Major, Australian Army Veterinary Corps	8 August 1918	Fouilloy, Somme, France^[90]
Joe Slater	108	Geelong	Captain, 22nd Battalion, First A.I.F.	3 May 1917	Bullecourt France^[91]
Bruce Sloss	84	Essendon South Melbourne	Lieutenant, 10th Machine Gun Company, First A.I.F.	4 January 1917	Armentières, France^[92]
Claude Thomas	13	South Melbourne	Private, 14th Battalion, First A.I.F.	5 July 1918	Hamel, France^[93]
Jack Turnbull	12	South Melbourne	Private, 39th Battalion, First A.I.F.	2 May 1917	Western Front, France^[94]
Jack Walker	4	St Kilda	Sergeant, 8th Battalion, First A.I.F.	27 July 1916	Pozières, France^[95]
Mal Williams	7	University	Lieutenant Colonel, 1st Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps	2 May 1917	The Somme, France^[96]
Alf Williamson	19	Carlton Melbourne	Captain, 14th Battalion, First A.I.F.	11 April 1917	Bullecourt France^[97]
Tommy Worle	3	Collingwood	Sergeant, 8th Brigade Australian Field Artillery	31 July 1917	Armentières, France^[98]
Tom Wright	12	Collingwood	Corporal 59th Battalion (Infantry)	12 December 1916	France^[99]

World War II[]

Player	VFL Games	VFL Club(s)	Rank held at time of death	Date of death	Location
Syd Anderson	53	Melbourne	Flying Officer, 100 Squadron, R.A.A.F.	20 May 1944	Shot down off Wewak, New Guinea^[100]
Jack Atkins	4	Melbourne	Able Seaman, H.M.A.S. Perth, Naval Reserve	1 March 1942	Sunda Strait, off Java^[101]
Wilf Atkinson	1	Carlton	Flight Sergeant R.A.A.F. attached to 232 Squadron, R.A.F.	12 August 1943	over Sicily^[102]
Harold Ball	33	Melbourne	Private, 2/9 Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps	9 February 1942	Singapore, Malaya^[103]
Ron Barassi Sr	58	Melbourne	Corporal, 7th Division Supply Column, Australian Army Service Corps	31 July 1941	Tobruk, Libya^[104]
Paul Bell	15	St Kilda	Lance Corporal, 2/5 Cavalry (Commando) Squadron, Second A.I.F.	4 July 1945	Balikpapan, Borneo^[105]
George Brock	4	North Melbourne	Leading Aircraftman R.A.A.F. 1 Service Flying Training School, Point Cook	2 August 1941	Air collision near the You Yangs, Victoria^[106]
Harold Comte	104	St Kilda	Private, 2/24th Battalion, Second A.I.F.	30 May 1945	Tarakan, Dutch East Indies^[107]
Tommy Corrigan	107	Fitzroy	Sergeant, 1 Recruit Centre Melbourne, R.A.A.F.	9 January 1943	Heidelberg Military Hospital^[108]
Bill Cosgrove	3	Richmond	Fight Sergeant, 30 Squadron, R.A.A.F.	11 August 1943	off Goodenough Island Milne Bay^[109]
Bill Downie	69	Footscray St Kilda	Private, 105 Transport Company, Australian Army Service Corps	11 September 1943	Burma-Siam Railway Burma^[110]
Jack Drake	3	Hawthorn	Lance-Bombadier, 2/2 Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery	23 April 1941	Bralos Pass Thermopylae, Greece^[111]
Noel Ellis	3	Melbourne	Sergeant, 23rd Anti Tank Battery, Royal Australian Artillery	6 July 1942	Queensland^[112]
Bob Flegg	18	St Kilda	Warrant Officer R.A.A.F. attached to 70 Squadron, R.A.F.	7 July 1944	over Feuersbrunn, Austria^[113]
Bill Garvie	9	Richmond	Private, 20 Field Bakery Platoon, Australian Army Service Corps	27 July 1944	Atherton Tablelands, Far North Queensland^[114]
Alf Giblett	9	Hawthorn	Corporal, 2/24th Battalion, Second A.I.F.	19 June 1943	New Guinea^[115]
Godfrey Goldin	8	Essendon	Private, 2/7th Battalion, Second A.I.F.	7 February 1943	New Guinea^[116]
Alf Goonan	7	North Melbourne	Private, 2/29th Battalion, Second A.I.F.	22 January 1942	Malaya^[117]
Alf Hedge	16	South Melbourne	Pilot Officer, R.A.A.F. attached to 78 Squadron, R.A.F.	4 May 1942	over Hamburg, Germany^[118]
Fred Heintz	14	Fitzroy	Private, 2/21st Battalion, Second A.I.F.	20 February 1942	Ambon, Dutch East Indies^[119]
Clyde Helmer	73	Geelong Melbourne	Warrant Officer Class II, Bomb Disposal Mobile Unit, Royal Australian Engineers	24 April 1945	whilst defusing bomb at Aitapi, near Lae, New Guinea^[120]
Bill Hudson	5	St Kilda	Lance Corporal, 51st Field Park Company, Royal Australian Engineers	11 April 1945	New Guinea^[121]
Len Johnson	69	Essendon N. Melbourne	Private, 4th Reserve Motor Transport Company, Australian Army Service Corps	24 January 1942	near Singapore, Malaya^[122]
Jack Keddie	1	Essendon	Sergeant, 127 Brigade Workshops, Australian Corps of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers	15 August 1945	Wewak, New Guinea^[123]
Stuart King	43	St Kilda	Flying Officer, 11 Squadron, R.A.A.F.	28 February 1943	off Cairns, Far North Queensland^[124]
Jim Knight	43	Geelong Carlton	Flying Officer, 30 Squadron, R.A.A.F.	11 October 1943	Goodenough Island, Milne Bay^[125]
Ralph Lancaster	44	Geelong	Gunner, 9th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, Royal Australian Artillery, Second A.I.F.	28 August 1942	New Guinea^[126]
Norm Le Brun	50	Carlton Collingwood Essendon S. Melbourne	Trooper, 2/10th Australian Cavalry (Commando) Squadron	15 November 1944	Aitapi, near Lae, New Guinea^[127]
Jack Lynch	25	Geelong	Driver, 2/19th Transport Platoon, Australian Army Service Corps	8 September 1944	, Far North Queensland^[128]
Ken McLeod	54	University	Engineer-Lieutenant Commander, H.M.S. Glowworm, R.A.N.	8 April 1940	off Trondheim, Norway^[129]
Wallace Mills	1	St Kilda	Warrant Officer Class II, 2/41st Light Aid Detachment, Australian Corps of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers	24 November 1943	Far North Queensland^[130]
Derek Mollison	66	Melbourne	Captain, 2/12th Field Regiment 9th Division, Second A.I.F.	19 December 1943	Rockhampton, Central Queensland^[131]
Alex Nash DFM	1	Hawthorn	Pilot Officer, 8 Squadron, R.A.A.F.	28 March 1944	off Bougainville Island, New Guinea^[132]
Norm Oliver	13	Collingwood	Flying Officer, 4 Squadron, R.A.A.F.	27 June 1944	Madang, New Guinea^[133]
Jim Park	128	Carlton	Lieutenant, 2/6th Infantry Battallion, Second A.I.F.	9 February 1943	Wau, New Guinea^[134]
Alan Pearsall	2	South Melbourne	Flying Officer, R.A.A.F. (seconded to 16 Squadron, R.A.F.)	8 March 1944	over English Channel^[135]
Dick Pirrie	3	Hawthorn	Sub-Lieutenant, H.M.S. Invicta, Royal Australian Naval Volunteer Reserve	6 June 1944	Normandy, France^[136]
Ted Regan	11	Melbourne Essendon	Flight Sergeant, R.A.A.F. attached to 11 Squadron, R.A.F.	9 July 1943	over Burma^[137]
Beres Reilly	13	St Kilda N. Melbourne Melbourne	Pilot Officer, 454 Squadron, R.A.A.F.	23 July 1943	over Crete^[138]
Archie Roberts	48	Essendon Melbourne	Private, 2/21st Battalion, Second A.I.F.	6 June 1945	Ambon Dutch East Indies^[139]
Gordon Sawley	7	South Melbourne	Flying Officer R.A.A.F. attached to 19 Operational Training Unit, R.A.F.	14 August 1942	over Scotland^[140]
Mo Shapir	2	North Melbourne	Flight Sergeant, R.A.A.F. attached to 108 Squadron, R.A.F.	15 August 1942	Middle East^[141]
Jack Shelton	2	S. Melbourne St Kilda	Lieutenant, 2/21st Battalion, Second A.I.F.	1 May 1941	Libya^[142]
Len Thomas	209	N. Melbourne Hawthorn S. Melbourne	Private, 2/3rd Independent (Commando) Company, Second A.I.F.	17 August 1943	Salamaua, New Guinea^[143]
Henry Thomson	1	Carlton	Sergeant AA Pay Corps	21 May 1943	Burman^[144]
Keith Truscott DFC and Bar	50	Melbourne	Squadron Leader, 76 Squadron, R.A.A.F.	28 March 1943	Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia^[145]
Jack Wade	26	South Melbourne	Private, 2/27th Battalion, Second A.I.F.	11 June 1941	Syria^[146]
Max Wheeler	1	Hawthorn	Private, 2/2nd Pioneer Battalion, Second A.I.F.	11 June 1941	Syria^[147]
Barney Wood	5	Melbourne	Sergeant, 2/16th Battalion, Second A.I.F.	9 June 1941	Litani River, Syria^[148]
Gus Young	10	Hawthorn	Bombadier, 3rd Australian Light Anti Aircraft Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery	29 May 1941	at sea Middle East^[149]

Umpires[]

At least one VFL umpire is known to have been killed: goal umpire Alexander Salton who served as a Private in the 60th Battalion, First A.I.F. He died from his wounds on 10 September 1916 in France.^[150] He was shot in the stomach in the slaughter of the Battle of Fromelles on 19 July 1916, taking part in a 300 yard charge – ordered by the infamous British Lieutenant-General Richard Haking – over open ground into the face of German machine-gun fire. The 60th Battalion went into the battle with 887 personnel and came out with one officer and 106 men. Two and a half months later, he died from the wounds he had sustained (aged 45). He is the only VFL field, boundary, or goal umpire known to have been killed on active service in any war.^[151]

In an unusual case, one VFL umpire, Henry James “Bunny” Nugent (1880-1955),^[152]^[153] served in three wars,^[154]^[155] the Boer War, World War I,^[156]^[157]^[158] and World War II.^[159]^[160] (he had put his age back five years to enlist in 1939). In his first senior VFL match as field umpire back from service in the First AIF, (Richmond v. Essendon on Saturday, 11 May 1918), the Richmond and Essendon players lined up and formed a guard of honour for him to run through as he took the ground.^[161]

Footnotes[]

↑ In all that follows, in the event of any conflict in the information provided by different sources, unless there is some specific reason to do otherwise, the work of Main & Allen (2002) is taken as the authority because it is the most reliable, the most recent, and the most thoroughly researched.
↑ Main & Allen (2002), p.3; Mapleston, (1996), p.54.
↑ Main & Allen (2002), p.3.
↑ Main & Allen, (2002), p.7.
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Moore, Charles", pp.3-6 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Charles Moore (301)AFL Statistics: Charlie Moore
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Reid, Stanley", pp.7-10 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Stanley Spencer Reid AFL Statistics: Stan Reid
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Aitken, James", p.13 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Tod Aitken (2105)AFL Statistics: James Aitken
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Balfe, Rupert", pp.14-16 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Joseph Rupert Balfe AFL Statistics: Rupert Balfe
↑ Known to the British military as "68 Squadron", to avoid confusion with No. 2 Squadron, Royal Flying Corps.
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Bell, John", pp.17-20 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Bell)AFL Statistics: John Bell
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Blackmore, Lewis", pp.21-22 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Lewis Gordon Blackmore AFL Statistics: Lewis Blackmore
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - James Henry Bonella. Note: he was registered by the VFL as "JIm Bonelli" AFL Statistics: Jim Bonelli
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Bradford, Norman", pp.23-25 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred Norman Bradford (2577)AFL Statistics: Norm Bradford
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Burge, Clifford", pp.26-27 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Clifford Charles Burge AFL Statistics: Cliff Burge
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Caldwell, Arthur", pp.28-29 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Edward Caldwell (1728)AFL Statistics: Arthur Caldwell
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Samuel Cleland Campbell, AFL Statistics: Sam Campbell
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Callan, Hugh", pp.30-32 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Hugh Callan (5652)AFL Statistics: Hughie Callan
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Challis, George", pp.33-36 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: George David Challis (2595)AFL Statistics: George Challis Blueseum Biography: George Challis
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thornton Gainsborough Clarke AFL Statistics: Thornton Clarke
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Collins, Harold DCM", pp.37-38 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Harold Collins AFL Statistics: Harry Collins
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Cooper, Jack", pp.39-42 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Thomas Cooper (4753)AFL Statistics: Jack Cooper Full Points Footy Biography: Jack Cooper
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Corbett, Arch", p.43 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Archibald Gladstone Corbett AFL Statistics: Arch Corbett
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Cordner, Alan", pp.44-46 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Joseph Alan Cordner (180)AFL Statistics: Alan Cordner
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Crowl, Claude", pp.47-48 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Claude Terrell Crowl (337)AFL Statistics: Claud Crowl
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Crowl, Joseph", pp.49-51 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Joseph Terrell Crowl (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Joe Crowl
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Cumming, Derwas", pp.52-54 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Dewas Goring Charles Cumming MC & BAR AFL Statistics: Dave Cumming
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Harold Daniel, AFL Statistics: Harry Daniel
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Doubleday, Jack", pp.55-56 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Jack Lindsay Doubleday (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Jack Doubleday
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Elliott, George", pp.57-59 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: George Stephenson Elliott MC AFL Statistics: George Elliott Full Points Footy Biography: George Elliott
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - James Farnan, AFL Statistics: Jim Farnan
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Fielding, Fred", pp.60-61 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Note that Fred Fielding enlisted and served under the alias of "James Gleeson" (his mother's maiden name was Gleeson). Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Fred Fielding (5596)AFL Statistics: Fred Fielding
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Fincher, Charles", pp.62-64 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Charles Fincher (472)AFL Statistics: Charlie Fincher
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - William Nicholson Fischer, AFL Statistics: Bill Fischer
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Fogarty, Chris", pp.65-67 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Andrew Christopher Fogarty AFL Statistics: Chris Fogarty
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Freeman, Jack", pp.68-70 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Jack Freeman (2477)AFL Statistics: Jack Freeman
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Gibbs, Richard MC", pp.71-72 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Richard Horace Maconchie Gibbs MC AFL Statistics: Dick Gibbs
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Gillespie, Dave", pp.73-75 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: David Francis Gillespie (3037)AFL Statistics: Dave Gillespie Blueseum Biography: Dave Gillespie
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Duncan Gordon
↑ Auckland War Memorial Museuem AFL Statistics: Albert Gourlay
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Harrison, Arthur", pp.76-78 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Charles Harrison (1732)AFL Statistics: Artie Harrison
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Harrison, Edward", pp.79-80 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Edward Harrison (4024)AFL Statistics: Ed Harrison
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - William George Harvey, AFL Statistics: Billy Harvey
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hinman, Arthur", pp.81-83 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Gurr Hinman AFL Statistics: Arthur Hinman
↑ Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 1" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Louis Gordon Holmes AFL Statistics: Lou Holmes
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hughes, Tom", pp.84-85 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Albert Thomas Hughes (5985)AFL Statistics: Tommy Hughes Blueseum Biography: Tommy Hughes
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hunter, Herbert", pp.86-87 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Herbert Humphreys Hunter AFL Statistics: Herb Hunter
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "James, Les", pp.88-90 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leslie Joseph James (7117)AFL Statistics: Les James
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Jones, Arthur", pp.91-93 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur M Jones (828)AFL Statistics: Arthur Jones
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Malcolm Stuart Kennedy, AFL Statistics: Mal Kennedy
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Landy, William", pp.94-95 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Joseph Landy (3581)AFL Statistics: Bill Landy
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Langtree, Charles", pp.96-97 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. His full name was Charles Henry Langtree, and his date of birth was 23 April 1883. He was the grandson of the first VFL President, Alexander McCracken. AFL Statistics: Charles Langtree
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Larking, Ronald MC and Bar", pp.98-100 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. AFL Statistics: Ron Larking
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Lee, Leslie", pp.101-105 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leslie Edward Lee (224)AFL Statistics: Les Lee
↑ In memory of Sergeant Otto Lowenstern - Veterans Affairs Canada, AFL Statistics: Otto Lowenstern
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Lugton, Frank", pp.106-109 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Frank Leslie Lugton (447)AFL Statistics: Frank Lugton
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Mackie, James", pp.110-111 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Robert Mackie (5367)AFL Statistics: Jim Mackie
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - William Charles Madden, AFL Statistics: Bill Madden
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Martin, Peter", pp.112-113 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. The name of Peter James Martin (3399) does not appear on the Australian War Memorial's Roll of Honour, most likely because, at the time of his death (25 March 1918), more than 12 months and a day had elapsed since he had been wounded in action. He had been hit in the head by a German bullet at Pozières on 8 December 1916; the right side of his head was very badly damaged (it never healed properly), and he lost his right eye. He died from his war wounds at the Caulfield Military Hospital. AFL Statistics: Peter Martin
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Martin, Stanley", pp.114-115 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Stanley Carlton Martin (4488)AFL Statistics: Stan Martin
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "McCluskey, Tom", pp.116-118 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thomas Miller McCluskey (3107)AFL Statistics: Tom McCluskey Blueseum Biography: Tom McCluskey
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "McDonald, Fen", pp.119-121 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Fenley John McDonald (127)AFL Statistics: Fen McDonald Blueseum Biography: Fen McDonald
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Patrick McGuinness, AFL Statistics: Paddy McGuinness
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "McIntosh, Fred", pp.122-124 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Frederick Richard McIntosh (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Fred McIntosh
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "McKenzie, W. Arthur", pp.129-131 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. William Arthur McKenzie was born on 25 December 1879. AFL Statistics: Arthur McKenzie
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "McKenzie, Stan", pp.125-128 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Matthew Stanley McKenzie (1459)AFL Statistics: Stan McKenzie Blueseum Biography: Stan McKenzie
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Neale, Stanley MC", pp.132-134 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Batchelder, (1998), p.4 ("Captain Stanley Walter Neale, MC"). http://www.awm.gov.au/roh/person.asp?p=145-40480 Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Stanley Walter Neale MC]AFL Statistics: Stan Neale
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Nicholas, James", pp.135-136 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Joachim Nicholas AFL Statistics: Jim Nicholas
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Nolan, Bill", pp.137-139 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Nolan (3201)AFL Statistics: Bill Nolan
↑ Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 1" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Albert O'Connell (1546)AFL Statistics: Bert O'Connell
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "O'Neill, Sydney", pp.142-143 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Sydney John O'Neill (432)AFL Statistics: Sid O'Neill
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Ogilvie, Tom", pp.140-141 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thomas Alexander Ogilvie AFL Statistics: Alick Ogilvie
↑ Oliver isn't listed on the Australian War Memorial's Roll of Honour but according to page one of The Argus on 31 December edition, died, as a member of the Australian Army, when he fell off his horse outside the Seymour army base.
↑ AFL Statistics: Charlie Oliver Blueseum Biography: Charlie Oliver
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Harold Carlyle Parker, AFL Statistics: Harold Parker
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Pearce, Joe", pp.144-146 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Mueller Pearce (418)AFL Statistics: Joe Pearce
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Pender, Jim", pp.147-149 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Robert Pender (3458)AFL Statistics: Jim Pender Blueseum Biography: Jim Pender
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Plowman, Hugh", pp.150-153 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Hugh McDonald Plowman AFL Statistics: Hugh Plowman
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Primrose, Leslie", pp.154-156 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leslie John Primrose AFL Statistics: Les Primrose
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Harold Holt Rippon, AFL Statistics: Harold Rippon
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Robertson, Alex", p.157 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alexander John Robertson AFL Statistics: Alex Robertson
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Robertson, Ralph", pp.158-160 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. AFL Statistics: Ralph Robertson Full Points Footy Biography: Ralph Robertson
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Rodriguez, Percy", pp.161-162 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Percy John Rodriguez AFL Statistics: Percy Rodriguez
↑ Bluesum: "Willie Rogers remembered . . . lest we forget"; First World War Embarkation Roll: William Martin Rogers (113A); Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Martin Rogers (113A) states "died pf wounds"; Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour circular: William Martin Rogers (113A); First World War Nominal Roll (Rogers,William John - Rogerson, Sterling John); Australian Red Cross Wounded and Missing Enquiry Bureau files: William Martin Rogers; Bluesum Biography: Bill Rogers; AFL Statistics: James Aitken; AFL Statistics (Round by Round) Carlton 1913.
↑ Born Les Collins
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Leslie Joseph Collins, AFL Statistics: Les Rogers
↑ His real name is Percy Edward Rowe. He was also a talented boxer. He was invited to play with Collingwood in 1911; however, because he had already played with (and was still tied to) his local team, South Bendigo Football Club, he was legally not eligible to play for Collingwood. Therefore, Collingwood registered him under the name he had used when boxing professionally, "Paddy Rowan". All AFL/VFL records are, therefore, in the name of Paddy Rowan – as are the records at Collingwood (his Collingwood player's sequential number is 173).
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Rowe, Percy", pp.163-168 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Percy Edward Rowe AFL Statistics: Paddy Rowan
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Robert Royle, AFL Statistics: Bobby Royle
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Ryan, Gerald", pp.169-171 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Gerald Ryan (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Gerald Ryan
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Seelenmeyer, Cyril", pp.172-174 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Cyril Robert Seelenmeyer MC AFL Statistics: Cyril Seelenmeyer
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Slater, Joe", pp.175-178 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Joseph Henry Slater AFL Statistics: Joe Slater Full Points Footy Biography: Joe Slater
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Sloss, Bruce", pp.179-183 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Bruce Moses Farquhar Sloss AFL Statistics: Bruce Sloss Full Points Footy Biography: Bruce Sloss
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Thomas, Claude", pp.184-185 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Claude Edison Thomas (12626)AFL Statistics: Claude Thomas
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Turnbull, Jack", pp.186-190 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Charles McNicol Turnbull (241)AFL Statistics: Jack Turnbull
↑ Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 1" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Preston Walker (1825)AFL Statistics: Jack Walker
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Williams, Maldwyn", pp.191-192 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Maldwyn Leslie Williams AFL Statistics: Mal Williams
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Williamson, Alfred", pp.193-196 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred Williamson AFL Statistics: Alf Williamson Blueseum Biography: Alf Williamson
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Worle, Tom", pp.197-200 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thomas Henry Worle AFL Statistics: Tommy Worle
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Thomas James Wright, AFL Statistics: Tom Wright
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Anderson, Syd", pp.203-206 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Sydney Louis Anderson (410192)AFL Statistics: Syd Anderson
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Atkins, John", pp.207-208 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Ernest John Atkins AFL Statistics: Jack Atkins
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Atkinson, Wilf", pp.209-210 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Wilfred George Atkinson (408668)AFL Statistics: Wilf Atkinson Blueseum Biography: Wilf Atkinson
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Ball, Harold", pp.211-213 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Harold Charles Ball (VX48388)AFL Statistics: Harold Ball
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Barassi (snr), Ron", pp.214-220 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Ronald James Barassi (VX45220)AFL Statistics: Ron Barassi
↑ Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 2" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred William Paul Bell (VX79445)AFL Statistics: Paul Bell
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Brock, H. George", pp.221-223 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Halcombe George Brock (407779)AFL Statistics: George Brock
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Comte, 'Harold' Henry", pp.224-226 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Henry James Comte (VX102248)AFL Statistics: Harry Comte Full Points Footy Biography: Harold Comte
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Corrigan, Tom", pp.227-229 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thomas Joseph Corrigan (41239)AFL Statistics: Tommy Corrigan
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Cosgrove, William", pp.230-235 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Nicholas Pax Cosgrove (400140)AFL Statistics: Bill Cosgrove
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Downie, Bill", pp.236-237 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Downie (VX38839)AFL Statistics: Bill Downie Full Points Footy Biography: William Downie
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Drake, Jack", pp.238-241 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Montague Drake (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Jack Drake 2/2nd Field Regiment Association, Member's Service Record: Lance Bombardier J. M. Drake (VX9796)
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Ellis, A. Noel", pp.242-243 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Noel Ellis (V185010)AFL Statistics: Noel Ellis
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Flegg, Bob", pp.244-246 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Robert Barnes Flegg (410155)AFL Statistics: Bob Flegg
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Garvie, Bill", pp.247-248 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Henry Garvie (VX90751)AFL Statistics: Bill Garvie
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Giblett, Alf", pp.249-253 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred Rowton Giblett (VX135886)AFL Statistics: Alf Giblett
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Goldin, Godfrey", pp.254-257 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Godfrey Robert Goldin (VX51038)AFL Statistics: Godfrey Goldin
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred Goonan (VX46909)AFL Statistics: Alf Goonan
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hedge, Alf", pp.258-261 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred William Hedge (400588)AFL Statistics: Alf Hedge
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Heintz, Fred", pp.262-263 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Frederick John Heintz (VX24926)AFL Statistics: Fred Heintz
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Helmer, Clyde", pp.264-266 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Reginald Clyde Helmer (VX130748)AFL Statistics: Clyde Helmer
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hudson, Bill", pp.267-269 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Ross William Hudson (SX20394)AFL Statistics: Bill Hudson
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Johnson, Len", pp.270-272 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leslie Albert Johnson (VX50877)AFL Statistics: Len Johnson Full Points Footy Biography: Len Johnson
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Johnson, Len", pp.273-275 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Jack Keddie (VX105370)AFL Statistics: Jack Keddie
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "King, Stuart", pp.276-281 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Stuart Patrick King (255266)AFL Statistics: Stuart King
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Knight, Jim", pp.282-285 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Bell Knight (19067)AFL Statistics: Jim Knight Blueseum Biography: Jim Knight
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Lancaster, Ralph", pp.286-287 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Ralph Charles Lancaster (VX44992)AFL Statistics: Ralph Lancaster
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Le Brun, Norm", pp.288-290 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Norman Stanley Le Brun (VX76818)AFL Statistics: Norm Le Brun Blueseun Biography: Norm Le Brun
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Lynch, Jack", pp.291-293 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Thomas Lynch (VX77041)AFL Statistics: Jack Lynch
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "McLeod, Ken", pp.294-295 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Given that he went down with the H.M.S. Glowworm and that the ship sank on 8 April 1940, the date of death on the Royal Navy Honour Roll (6 April 1940) is incorrect. AFL Statistics: Ken McLeod
↑ Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 2" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Wallace Hickford Mills (VX2998)AFL Statistics: Wallace Mills
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Mollison, Derek", pp.296-298 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Crawford Derek Mollison (VX912)AFL Statistics: Derek Mollison Full Points Footy Biography: Derek Mollison
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Nash, Alex", pp.299-303 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Alexander Nash DFM (410368)AFL Statistics: Alex Nash
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Oliver, Norman", pp.304-306 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Norman Leslie Oliver (436020)AFL Statistics: Norm Oliver
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Park, Jim", pp.307-310 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James William Park (VX51193)AFL Statistics: Jim Park Full Points Footy Biography: Jim Park Blueseum Biography: Jim Park
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Pearsall, Alan", pp.311-314 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alan Louden Pearsall (408266)AFL Statistics: Allan (sic) Pearsall
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Pirrie, Richard", pp.315-320 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. His full name was Richard Michael Pirrie; he was born on 6 June 1920. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: R Pirrie AFL Statistics: Dick Pirrie
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Regan, Ted", pp.321-322 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: George Frederick Regan (409448)AFL Statistics: Ted Regan
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Reilly, Beresford", pp.323-326 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Beresford Stanley Reilly (401583)AFL Statistics: Beres Reilly
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Roberts, Arch", pp.327-328 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Archibald Frederick Roberts (VX44381)AFL Statistics: Archie Roberts
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Sawley, Gordon", pp.329-331 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Gordon Harold Sawley (407951)AFL Statistics: Gordon Sawley
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Shapir, Morris", pp.332-334 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Morris William Shapir (400357)AFL Statistics: Mo Shapir
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Shelton, J.T. 'Jack'", pp.335-337 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Thomas Shelton (VX47976)AFL Statistics: Jack Shelton
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Thomas, Len", pp.338-341 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Although Thomas had attained the rank of Corporal, upon his evacuation from the Middle East in September 1941 he requested that he be allowed to revert to the rank of Private, so that he could serve as a commando. His request was granted. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leonard Thomas (VX21564)AFL Statistics: Len Thomas Full Points Footy Biography: Len Thomas
↑ "Roll of Honour - Griffith Henry Thomson". Australian War Memorial. http://www.awm.gov.au/research/people/roll_of_honour/person/R1695217/.
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Truscott, Keith DFC and Bar", pp.342-348 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Keith William Truscott DFC & BAR (400213)AFL Statistics: Keith Truscott Stephens, "Truscott, Keith William (Bluey) (1916 - 1943)", Australian Dictionary of Biography
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Wade, Jack", pp.349-350 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Samuel Wade (VX8242)AFL Statistics: Jack Wade
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Wheeler, Max", pp.351-352 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Geoffrey Maxwell Wheeler (VX45857)AFL Statistics: Max Wheeler
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Wood, 'Barney' Percy", pp.353-355 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Percy Barnes Wood (WX4544)AFL Statistics: Barney Wood
↑ Main, J. & Allen, D., "Young, Leo 'Gus'", pp.356-357 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leo Young (VX48662)AFL Statistics: Gus Young
↑ Salton had played football with Richmond in its first VFA season (1888). His senior VFL umpiring career began in 1915; he umpired in 8 games that season. He enlisted before the 1916 season had begun.
↑ Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alexander Salton (3934); "Umpires as Soldiers", Australian Football League Umpires Association Web-Site.
↑ War Memorial photograph
↑ Funeral Notice: Nugent, The Argus, (Saturday, 22 October 1955), p.11.
↑ Notable AFL Umpires: Henry Nugent
↑ Onlooker, "Sporting Comment: Umpires Were Appreciated Then", The Albany Advertiser, (Monday, 3 June 1935), p.5.
↑ First World War Embarkation Roll: Henry James Nugent
↑ Honours and Awards: Henry James Nugent: Military Cross
↑ World War I Service Record: Henry James Nugent
↑ World War 2 Nominal Roll: Henry James Nugent (V80885).
↑ World War II Service Record: Henry James Nugent (V80885)
↑ Football: Richmond (5.16) Beat Essendon (4.10), The Age, (Monday, 13 May 1918), p.6.

References[]

Batchelder, A., Melbourne Cricket Club Roll of Honour (1914–1918), Melbourne Cricket Club, 1998. [1]
Hogan P: The Tigers Of Old, Richmond FC, (Melbourne), 1996. ISBN 0-646-18748-1
Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. ISBN 1-74095-010-0
Maplestone, M., Flying Higher: History of the Essendon Football Club 1872-1996, Essendon Football Club, (Melbourne), 1996. ISBN 0-9591740-2-8
Ross, J. (ed), 100 Years of Australian Football 1897-1996: The Complete Story of the AFL, All the Big Stories, All the Great Pictures, All the Champions, Every AFL Season Reported, Viking, (Ringwood), 1996. ISBN 0-670-86814-0

External links[]

All or a portion of this article consists of text from Wikipedia, and is therefore Creative Commons Licensed under GFDL.
The original article can be found at List of Victorian Football League players who died on active service and the edit history here.

[1] In all that follows, in the event of any conflict in the information provided by different sources, unless there is some specific reason to do otherwise, the work of Main & Allen (2002) is taken as the authority because it is the most reliable, the most recent, and the most thoroughly researched.

[2] Main & Allen (2002), p.3; Mapleston, (1996), p.54.

[3] Main & Allen (2002), p.3.

[4] Main & Allen, (2002), p.7.

[5] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Moore, Charles", pp.3-6 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Charles Moore (301)AFL Statistics: Charlie Moore

[6] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Reid, Stanley", pp.7-10 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Stanley Spencer Reid AFL Statistics: Stan Reid

[7] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Aitken, James", p.13 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Tod Aitken (2105)AFL Statistics: James Aitken

[8] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Balfe, Rupert", pp.14-16 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Joseph Rupert Balfe AFL Statistics: Rupert Balfe

[9] Known to the British military as "68 Squadron", to avoid confusion with No. 2 Squadron, Royal Flying Corps.

[10] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Bell, John", pp.17-20 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Bell)AFL Statistics: John Bell

[11] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Blackmore, Lewis", pp.21-22 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Lewis Gordon Blackmore AFL Statistics: Lewis Blackmore

[12] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - James Henry Bonella. Note: he was registered by the VFL as "JIm Bonelli" AFL Statistics: Jim Bonelli

[13] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Bradford, Norman", pp.23-25 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred Norman Bradford (2577)AFL Statistics: Norm Bradford

[14] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Burge, Clifford", pp.26-27 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Clifford Charles Burge AFL Statistics: Cliff Burge

[15] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Caldwell, Arthur", pp.28-29 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Edward Caldwell (1728)AFL Statistics: Arthur Caldwell

[16] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Samuel Cleland Campbell, AFL Statistics: Sam Campbell

[17] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Callan, Hugh", pp.30-32 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Hugh Callan (5652)AFL Statistics: Hughie Callan

[18] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Challis, George", pp.33-36 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: George David Challis (2595)AFL Statistics: George Challis Blueseum Biography: George Challis

[19] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thornton Gainsborough Clarke AFL Statistics: Thornton Clarke

[20] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Collins, Harold DCM", pp.37-38 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Harold Collins AFL Statistics: Harry Collins

[21] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Cooper, Jack", pp.39-42 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Thomas Cooper (4753)AFL Statistics: Jack Cooper Full Points Footy Biography: Jack Cooper

[22] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Corbett, Arch", p.43 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Archibald Gladstone Corbett AFL Statistics: Arch Corbett

[23] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Cordner, Alan", pp.44-46 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Joseph Alan Cordner (180)AFL Statistics: Alan Cordner

[24] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Crowl, Claude", pp.47-48 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Claude Terrell Crowl (337)AFL Statistics: Claud Crowl

[25] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Crowl, Joseph", pp.49-51 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Joseph Terrell Crowl (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Joe Crowl

[26] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Cumming, Derwas", pp.52-54 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Dewas Goring Charles Cumming MC & BAR AFL Statistics: Dave Cumming

[27] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Harold Daniel, AFL Statistics: Harry Daniel

[28] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Doubleday, Jack", pp.55-56 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Jack Lindsay Doubleday (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Jack Doubleday

[29] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Elliott, George", pp.57-59 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: George Stephenson Elliott MC AFL Statistics: George Elliott Full Points Footy Biography: George Elliott

[30] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - James Farnan, AFL Statistics: Jim Farnan

[31] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Fielding, Fred", pp.60-61 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Note that Fred Fielding enlisted and served under the alias of "James Gleeson" (his mother's maiden name was Gleeson). Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Fred Fielding (5596)AFL Statistics: Fred Fielding

[32] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Fincher, Charles", pp.62-64 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Charles Fincher (472)AFL Statistics: Charlie Fincher

[33] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - William Nicholson Fischer, AFL Statistics: Bill Fischer

[34] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Fogarty, Chris", pp.65-67 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Andrew Christopher Fogarty AFL Statistics: Chris Fogarty

[35] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Freeman, Jack", pp.68-70 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Jack Freeman (2477)AFL Statistics: Jack Freeman

[36] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Gibbs, Richard MC", pp.71-72 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Richard Horace Maconchie Gibbs MC AFL Statistics: Dick Gibbs

[37] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Gillespie, Dave", pp.73-75 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: David Francis Gillespie (3037)AFL Statistics: Dave Gillespie Blueseum Biography: Dave Gillespie

[38] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Duncan Gordon

[39] Auckland War Memorial Museuem AFL Statistics: Albert Gourlay

[40] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Harrison, Arthur", pp.76-78 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Charles Harrison (1732)AFL Statistics: Artie Harrison

[41] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Harrison, Edward", pp.79-80 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Edward Harrison (4024)AFL Statistics: Ed Harrison

[42] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - William George Harvey, AFL Statistics: Billy Harvey

[43] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hinman, Arthur", pp.81-83 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Gurr Hinman AFL Statistics: Arthur Hinman

[44] Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 1" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Louis Gordon Holmes AFL Statistics: Lou Holmes

[45] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hughes, Tom", pp.84-85 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Albert Thomas Hughes (5985)AFL Statistics: Tommy Hughes Blueseum Biography: Tommy Hughes

[46] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hunter, Herbert", pp.86-87 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Herbert Humphreys Hunter AFL Statistics: Herb Hunter

[47] Main, J. & Allen, D., "James, Les", pp.88-90 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leslie Joseph James (7117)AFL Statistics: Les James

[48] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Jones, Arthur", pp.91-93 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur M Jones (828)AFL Statistics: Arthur Jones

[49] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Malcolm Stuart Kennedy, AFL Statistics: Mal Kennedy

[50] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Landy, William", pp.94-95 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Joseph Landy (3581)AFL Statistics: Bill Landy

[51] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Langtree, Charles", pp.96-97 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. His full name was Charles Henry Langtree, and his date of birth was 23 April 1883. He was the grandson of the first VFL President, Alexander McCracken. AFL Statistics: Charles Langtree

[52] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Larking, Ronald MC and Bar", pp.98-100 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. AFL Statistics: Ron Larking

[53] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Lee, Leslie", pp.101-105 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leslie Edward Lee (224)AFL Statistics: Les Lee

[54] In memory of Sergeant Otto Lowenstern - Veterans Affairs Canada, AFL Statistics: Otto Lowenstern

[55] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Lugton, Frank", pp.106-109 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Frank Leslie Lugton (447)AFL Statistics: Frank Lugton

[56] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Mackie, James", pp.110-111 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Robert Mackie (5367)AFL Statistics: Jim Mackie

[57] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - William Charles Madden, AFL Statistics: Bill Madden

[58] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Martin, Peter", pp.112-113 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. The name of Peter James Martin (3399) does not appear on the Australian War Memorial's Roll of Honour, most likely because, at the time of his death (25 March 1918), more than 12 months and a day had elapsed since he had been wounded in action. He had been hit in the head by a German bullet at Pozières on 8 December 1916; the right side of his head was very badly damaged (it never healed properly), and he lost his right eye. He died from his war wounds at the Caulfield Military Hospital. AFL Statistics: Peter Martin

[59] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Martin, Stanley", pp.114-115 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Stanley Carlton Martin (4488)AFL Statistics: Stan Martin

[60] Main, J. & Allen, D., "McCluskey, Tom", pp.116-118 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thomas Miller McCluskey (3107)AFL Statistics: Tom McCluskey Blueseum Biography: Tom McCluskey

[61] Main, J. & Allen, D., "McDonald, Fen", pp.119-121 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Fenley John McDonald (127)AFL Statistics: Fen McDonald Blueseum Biography: Fen McDonald

[62] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Patrick McGuinness, AFL Statistics: Paddy McGuinness

[63] Main, J. & Allen, D., "McIntosh, Fred", pp.122-124 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Frederick Richard McIntosh (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Fred McIntosh

[64] Main, J. & Allen, D., "McKenzie, W. Arthur", pp.129-131 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. William Arthur McKenzie was born on 25 December 1879. AFL Statistics: Arthur McKenzie

[65] Main, J. & Allen, D., "McKenzie, Stan", pp.125-128 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Matthew Stanley McKenzie (1459)AFL Statistics: Stan McKenzie Blueseum Biography: Stan McKenzie

[66] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Neale, Stanley MC", pp.132-134 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Batchelder, (1998), p.4 ("Captain Stanley Walter Neale, MC"). http://www.awm.gov.au/roh/person.asp?p=145-40480 Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Stanley Walter Neale MC]AFL Statistics: Stan Neale

[67] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Nicholas, James", pp.135-136 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Joachim Nicholas AFL Statistics: Jim Nicholas

[68] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Nolan, Bill", pp.137-139 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Nolan (3201)AFL Statistics: Bill Nolan

[69] Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 1" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Albert O'Connell (1546)AFL Statistics: Bert O'Connell

[70] Main, J. & Allen, D., "O'Neill, Sydney", pp.142-143 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Sydney John O'Neill (432)AFL Statistics: Sid O'Neill

[71] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Ogilvie, Tom", pp.140-141 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thomas Alexander Ogilvie AFL Statistics: Alick Ogilvie

[72] Oliver isn't listed on the Australian War Memorial's Roll of Honour but according to page one of The Argus on 31 December edition, died, as a member of the Australian Army, when he fell off his horse outside the Seymour army base.

[73] AFL Statistics: Charlie Oliver Blueseum Biography: Charlie Oliver

[74] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Harold Carlyle Parker, AFL Statistics: Harold Parker

[75] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Pearce, Joe", pp.144-146 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Mueller Pearce (418)AFL Statistics: Joe Pearce

[76] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Pender, Jim", pp.147-149 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Robert Pender (3458)AFL Statistics: Jim Pender Blueseum Biography: Jim Pender

[77] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Plowman, Hugh", pp.150-153 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Hugh McDonald Plowman AFL Statistics: Hugh Plowman

[78] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Primrose, Leslie", pp.154-156 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leslie John Primrose AFL Statistics: Les Primrose

[79] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Harold Holt Rippon, AFL Statistics: Harold Rippon

[80] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Robertson, Alex", p.157 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alexander John Robertson AFL Statistics: Alex Robertson

[81] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Robertson, Ralph", pp.158-160 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. AFL Statistics: Ralph Robertson Full Points Footy Biography: Ralph Robertson

[82] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Rodriguez, Percy", pp.161-162 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Percy John Rodriguez AFL Statistics: Percy Rodriguez

[83] Bluesum: "Willie Rogers remembered . . . lest we forget"; First World War Embarkation Roll: William Martin Rogers (113A); Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Martin Rogers (113A) states "died pf wounds"; Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour circular: William Martin Rogers (113A); First World War Nominal Roll (Rogers,William John - Rogerson, Sterling John); Australian Red Cross Wounded and Missing Enquiry Bureau files: William Martin Rogers; Bluesum Biography: Bill Rogers; AFL Statistics: James Aitken; AFL Statistics (Round by Round) Carlton 1913.

[84] Born Les Collins

[85] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Leslie Joseph Collins, AFL Statistics: Les Rogers

[86] His real name is Percy Edward Rowe. He was also a talented boxer. He was invited to play with Collingwood in 1911; however, because he had already played with (and was still tied to) his local team, South Bendigo Football Club, he was legally not eligible to play for Collingwood. Therefore, Collingwood registered him under the name he had used when boxing professionally, "Paddy Rowan". All AFL/VFL records are, therefore, in the name of Paddy Rowan – as are the records at Collingwood (his Collingwood player's sequential number is 173).

[87] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Rowe, Percy", pp.163-168 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Percy Edward Rowe AFL Statistics: Paddy Rowan

[88] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Robert Royle, AFL Statistics: Bobby Royle

[89] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Ryan, Gerald", pp.169-171 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Gerald Ryan (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Gerald Ryan

[90] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Seelenmeyer, Cyril", pp.172-174 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Cyril Robert Seelenmeyer MC AFL Statistics: Cyril Seelenmeyer

[91] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Slater, Joe", pp.175-178 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Joseph Henry Slater AFL Statistics: Joe Slater Full Points Footy Biography: Joe Slater

[92] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Sloss, Bruce", pp.179-183 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Bruce Moses Farquhar Sloss AFL Statistics: Bruce Sloss Full Points Footy Biography: Bruce Sloss

[93] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Thomas, Claude", pp.184-185 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Claude Edison Thomas (12626)AFL Statistics: Claude Thomas

[94] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Turnbull, Jack", pp.186-190 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Charles McNicol Turnbull (241)AFL Statistics: Jack Turnbull

[95] Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 1" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Preston Walker (1825)AFL Statistics: Jack Walker

[96] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Williams, Maldwyn", pp.191-192 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Maldwyn Leslie Williams AFL Statistics: Mal Williams

[97] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Williamson, Alfred", pp.193-196 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred Williamson AFL Statistics: Alf Williamson Blueseum Biography: Alf Williamson

[98] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Worle, Tom", pp.197-200 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thomas Henry Worle AFL Statistics: Tommy Worle

[99] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour - Thomas James Wright, AFL Statistics: Tom Wright

[100] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Anderson, Syd", pp.203-206 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Sydney Louis Anderson (410192)AFL Statistics: Syd Anderson

[101] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Atkins, John", pp.207-208 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Ernest John Atkins AFL Statistics: Jack Atkins

[102] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Atkinson, Wilf", pp.209-210 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Wilfred George Atkinson (408668)AFL Statistics: Wilf Atkinson Blueseum Biography: Wilf Atkinson

[103] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Ball, Harold", pp.211-213 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Harold Charles Ball (VX48388)AFL Statistics: Harold Ball

[104] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Barassi (snr), Ron", pp.214-220 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Ronald James Barassi (VX45220)AFL Statistics: Ron Barassi

[105] Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 2" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred William Paul Bell (VX79445)AFL Statistics: Paul Bell

[106] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Brock, H. George", pp.221-223 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Halcombe George Brock (407779)AFL Statistics: George Brock

[107] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Comte, 'Harold' Henry", pp.224-226 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Henry James Comte (VX102248)AFL Statistics: Harry Comte Full Points Footy Biography: Harold Comte

[108] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Corrigan, Tom", pp.227-229 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Thomas Joseph Corrigan (41239)AFL Statistics: Tommy Corrigan

[109] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Cosgrove, William", pp.230-235 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Nicholas Pax Cosgrove (400140)AFL Statistics: Bill Cosgrove

[110] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Downie, Bill", pp.236-237 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Downie (VX38839)AFL Statistics: Bill Downie Full Points Footy Biography: William Downie

[111] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Drake, Jack", pp.238-241 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Montague Drake (VX9796)AFL Statistics: Jack Drake 2/2nd Field Regiment Association, Member's Service Record: Lance Bombardier J. M. Drake (VX9796)

[112] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Ellis, A. Noel", pp.242-243 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Arthur Noel Ellis (V185010)AFL Statistics: Noel Ellis

[113] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Flegg, Bob", pp.244-246 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Robert Barnes Flegg (410155)AFL Statistics: Bob Flegg

[114] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Garvie, Bill", pp.247-248 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: William Henry Garvie (VX90751)AFL Statistics: Bill Garvie

[115] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Giblett, Alf", pp.249-253 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred Rowton Giblett (VX135886)AFL Statistics: Alf Giblett

[116] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Goldin, Godfrey", pp.254-257 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Godfrey Robert Goldin (VX51038)AFL Statistics: Godfrey Goldin

[117] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred Goonan (VX46909)AFL Statistics: Alf Goonan

[118] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hedge, Alf", pp.258-261 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alfred William Hedge (400588)AFL Statistics: Alf Hedge

[119] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Heintz, Fred", pp.262-263 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Frederick John Heintz (VX24926)AFL Statistics: Fred Heintz

[120] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Helmer, Clyde", pp.264-266 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Reginald Clyde Helmer (VX130748)AFL Statistics: Clyde Helmer

[121] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Hudson, Bill", pp.267-269 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Ross William Hudson (SX20394)AFL Statistics: Bill Hudson

[122] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Johnson, Len", pp.270-272 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leslie Albert Johnson (VX50877)AFL Statistics: Len Johnson Full Points Footy Biography: Len Johnson

[123] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Johnson, Len", pp.273-275 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Jack Keddie (VX105370)AFL Statistics: Jack Keddie

[124] Main, J. & Allen, D., "King, Stuart", pp.276-281 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Stuart Patrick King (255266)AFL Statistics: Stuart King

[125] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Knight, Jim", pp.282-285 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Bell Knight (19067)AFL Statistics: Jim Knight Blueseum Biography: Jim Knight

[126] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Lancaster, Ralph", pp.286-287 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Ralph Charles Lancaster (VX44992)AFL Statistics: Ralph Lancaster

[127] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Le Brun, Norm", pp.288-290 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Norman Stanley Le Brun (VX76818)AFL Statistics: Norm Le Brun Blueseun Biography: Norm Le Brun

[128] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Lynch, Jack", pp.291-293 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Thomas Lynch (VX77041)AFL Statistics: Jack Lynch

[129] Main, J. & Allen, D., "McLeod, Ken", pp.294-295 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Given that he went down with the H.M.S. Glowworm and that the ship sank on 8 April 1940, the date of death on the Royal Navy Honour Roll (6 April 1940) is incorrect. AFL Statistics: Ken McLeod

[130] Alan Grant, "Lest We Forget - Part 2" (St Kilda Football Club Official Website, 19 April 2007)Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Wallace Hickford Mills (VX2998)AFL Statistics: Wallace Mills

[131] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Mollison, Derek", pp.296-298 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Crawford Derek Mollison (VX912)AFL Statistics: Derek Mollison Full Points Footy Biography: Derek Mollison

[132] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Nash, Alex", pp.299-303 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James Alexander Nash DFM (410368)AFL Statistics: Alex Nash

[133] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Oliver, Norman", pp.304-306 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Norman Leslie Oliver (436020)AFL Statistics: Norm Oliver

[134] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Park, Jim", pp.307-310 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: James William Park (VX51193)AFL Statistics: Jim Park Full Points Footy Biography: Jim Park Blueseum Biography: Jim Park

[135] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Pearsall, Alan", pp.311-314 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alan Louden Pearsall (408266)AFL Statistics: Allan (sic) Pearsall

[136] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Pirrie, Richard", pp.315-320 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. His full name was Richard Michael Pirrie; he was born on 6 June 1920. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: R Pirrie AFL Statistics: Dick Pirrie

[137] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Regan, Ted", pp.321-322 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: George Frederick Regan (409448)AFL Statistics: Ted Regan

[138] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Reilly, Beresford", pp.323-326 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Beresford Stanley Reilly (401583)AFL Statistics: Beres Reilly

[139] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Roberts, Arch", pp.327-328 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Archibald Frederick Roberts (VX44381)AFL Statistics: Archie Roberts

[140] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Sawley, Gordon", pp.329-331 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Gordon Harold Sawley (407951)AFL Statistics: Gordon Sawley

[141] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Shapir, Morris", pp.332-334 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Morris William Shapir (400357)AFL Statistics: Mo Shapir

[142] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Shelton, J.T. 'Jack'", pp.335-337 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Thomas Shelton (VX47976)AFL Statistics: Jack Shelton

[143] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Thomas, Len", pp.338-341 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Although Thomas had attained the rank of Corporal, upon his evacuation from the Middle East in September 1941 he requested that he be allowed to revert to the rank of Private, so that he could serve as a commando. His request was granted. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leonard Thomas (VX21564)AFL Statistics: Len Thomas Full Points Footy Biography: Len Thomas

[144] "Roll of Honour - Griffith Henry Thomson". Australian War Memorial. http://www.awm.gov.au/research/people/roll_of_honour/person/R1695217/.

[145] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Truscott, Keith DFC and Bar", pp.342-348 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Keith William Truscott DFC & BAR (400213)AFL Statistics: Keith Truscott Stephens, "Truscott, Keith William (Bluey) (1916 - 1943)", Australian Dictionary of Biography

[146] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Wade, Jack", pp.349-350 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: John Samuel Wade (VX8242)AFL Statistics: Jack Wade

[147] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Wheeler, Max", pp.351-352 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Geoffrey Maxwell Wheeler (VX45857)AFL Statistics: Max Wheeler

[148] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Wood, 'Barney' Percy", pp.353-355 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Percy Barnes Wood (WX4544)AFL Statistics: Barney Wood

[149] Main, J. & Allen, D., "Young, Leo 'Gus'", pp.356-357 in Main, J. & Allen, D., Fallen – The Ultimate Heroes: Footballers Who Never Returned From War, Crown Content, (Melbourne), 2002. Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Leo Young (VX48662)AFL Statistics: Gus Young

[150] Salton had played football with Richmond in its first VFA season (1888). His senior VFL umpiring career began in 1915; he umpired in 8 games that season. He enlisted before the 1916 season had begun.

[151] Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour: Alexander Salton (3934); "Umpires as Soldiers", Australian Football League Umpires Association Web-Site.

[152] War Memorial photograph

[153] Funeral Notice: Nugent, The Argus, (Saturday, 22 October 1955), p.11.

[154] Notable AFL Umpires: Henry Nugent

[155] Onlooker, "Sporting Comment: Umpires Were Appreciated Then", The Albany Advertiser, (Monday, 3 June 1935), p.5.

[156] First World War Embarkation Roll: Henry James Nugent

[157] Honours and Awards: Henry James Nugent: Military Cross

[158] World War I Service Record: Henry James Nugent

[159] World War 2 Nominal Roll: Henry James Nugent (V80885).

[160] World War II Service Record: Henry James Nugent (V80885)

[161] Football: Richmond (5.16) Beat Essendon (4.10), The Age, (Monday, 13 May 1918), p.6.

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