For topics related to the U.S. biological defense program, see U.S. biological defense program.
The United States had an offensive biological weapons program from 1943 until 1969. Today, the nation is a member of the Biological Weapons Convention and has renounced biological warfare.
Agencies and organizations[]
Military and government agencies and schools[]
- United States Army Biological Warfare Laboratories (USBWL)
- United States Army Chemical Corps
- War Bureau of Consultants
- War Research Service
Biological weapons program locations[]
-
- Granite Peak Range
- Building 101
- Building 257
- Horn Island Testing Station
- Pine Bluff Arsenal
- Rocky Mountain Arsenal
- Vigo Ordnance Plant
Treaties, laws and policies[]
- Biological Weapons Convention
- Geneva Protocol
- Statement on Chemical and Biological Defense Policies and Programs
Weapons[]
Canceled weapons[]
- E77 balloon bomb
- E99 bomblet
- Flettner rotor, an experimental biological cluster bomb sub-munition
- Project St. Jo
- SPD Mk I, 4 lb. World War II-era biological bomb
Other weapons[]
- 20 mm particulate projectile
- E120 bomblet
- [50 lb. cluster bomb, held 544 bomblets
- E14 munition, sub-muntion for E86 cluster bomb
- E23 munition, sub-munition for E77 cluster bomb
- E48 particulate bomb (E48R2), sub-munition for E96 cluster
- E61 bomb (E61R4)
- E86 cluster bomb
- E95 bomblet
- E96 cluster bomb
- M114 bomb, 4 lb. biological anti-personnel bomb, sub-munition for the M33 cluster bomb
- M115 bomb, a 500 lb. anti-crop bomb
- M143 bomblet
- M33 cluster bomb
- SUU-24/A dispenser
Weaponized biological agents[]
- anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis
- tularemia, caused by Francisella tularensis
- brucellosis, caused by Brucella suis
- Q-fever, caused by Coxiella burnetii
- botulism, botulin toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB), toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, used as an incapacitating agent
- Stem rust, both wheat and rye stem rust, fungal anticrop agent
- Rice blast, fungal anticrop agent
Researched biological agents[]
- Argentinian hemorrhagic fever (AHF)
- Bird flu
- Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF)
- Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)
- Dengue fever
- Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)
- Hantavirus
- Lassa fever
- Late blight of potato
- glanders
- melioidosis
- Newcastle disease
- Plague
- Psittacosis
- Smallpox
- Ricin
- Rift Valley fever (RVF)
- Rinderpest
- Typhus
- Western equine encephalitis (WEE)
- Yellow fever
Operations and exercises[]
- Edgewood Arsenal experiments
- Operation Big Buzz
- Operation Big Itch
- Operation Blue Skies
- Operation Dark Winter
- Operation Dew
- Operation Drop Kick
- Operation LAC
- Operation Magic Sword
- Operation May Day
- Operation Polka Dot
- Operation Top Off
- Operation Whitecoat
- Project 112
- Project Bacchus
- Project Clear Vision
- Project Jefferson
Biological attacks[]
- 1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack
- 1989 California medfly attack
- 2001 anthrax attacks
- 2003 ricin letters
See also[]
References[]
- "Chemical and Biological Weapons: Possession and Programs Past and Present", James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Middlebury College, April 9, 2002, accessed November 12, 2008.
- "Biological Weapons", Federation of American Scientists, updated October 19, 1998, accessed November 12, 2008.
- Croddy, Eric C. and Hart, C. Perez-Armendariz J., Chemical and Biological Warfare, (Google Books), Springer, 2002, pp. 30–31, (ISBN 0387950761).
- Kirby, Reid. "The CB Battlefield Legacy: Understanding the Potential Problem of Clustered CB Weapons", Army Chemical Review, pp. 25–29, July–December 2006, accessed November 12, 2008.
- Kirby, Reid. "The Evolving Role of Biological Weapons", Army Chemical Review, pp. 22–26, July–December 2007, accessed November 12, 2008.
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The original article can be found at List of U.S. biological weapons topics and the edit history here.