This article lists the Roman auxiliary regiments of the Imperial Roman army attested in the epigraphic record, by province of deployment in the reign of the emperor Hadrian (r. 117-38), the period with the most abundant evidence. For the history, organisation and equipment of these regiments, see Roman auxiliaries.
In addition, an index of regimental names is provided that explains the origin of the names, most of which are based on the names of the subject tribes or cities of the empire where they were originally recruited. (As time went by, they became staffed by recruits from anywhere, especially from the province where they were deployed.)
Sources[]
The sources used for this article are the most comprehensive and up-to-date general surveys on this subject, namely:
- Holder, Paul: Auxiliary Deployment in the Reign of Hadrian (2003)
- Spaul, John: COHORS 2 (2000)
- Spaul, John: ALA (1994)
Introduction[]
Types of regiment[]
During the Principate era until AD 212, auxiliary regiments, called auxilia by the Romans, were formations kept separate from the legions, who were recruited from Roman citizens only. Auxilia were mostly recruited from the peregrini, i.e. subjects of the Roman empire who did not hold Roman citizenship: the vast majority of the empire's inhabitants in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD (in 212 AD, all the inhabitants of the empire were granted Roman citizenship).
There were three basic types of auxiliary regiment: alae (lit: "wings"), which contained cavalry only (official strength: 480 men); cohortes ("cohorts"), which contained infantry only (480); and cohortes equitatae, which were infantry cohorts with a cavalry contingent attached (600 men, of which 480 infantry and 120 cavalry). A number of regiments, of all three types, were designated sagittariorum, indicating that their members were equipped as archers. After ca. AD 80, a minority of regiments (ca. 12%) were enlarged and designated milliariae, nominally 1000-strong, but in reality containing 720, 800 and 1,040 effectives respectively.
Contents of tables[]
Table I below lists auxiliary regiments during the rule of the emperor Hadrian (AD 117-38), for which there is the most comprehensive evidence. The table does not show regiments that were attested to in the 1st century but that, according to Holder, were dissolved by 117, nor those that were probably founded after 138. The precise number of regiments that existed at this time is disputed (e.g., 327 per Spaul; 367 per Holder). This discrepancy is due to the existence of several units with the same serial number and name, but attested in various provinces: were they different units, or the same unit moved around? In the table, Holder's estimate has been followed. In addition, 14 units attested until ca. 100, which Holder considers likely but not certain to have survived into Hadrian's reign are also included to present all possible units (making a total of 381 units). The regiments are listed by the Roman province where they were deployed in ca. 130.
Table II is a glossary of regimental names, the majority of which were ethnic, i.e., derived from the name of the native tribe or city-state of the empire where the regiment was originally raised. The table gives the tribe's name, territory and language-group.
Ethnic composition of regiments[]
The rule of the founder-emperor Augustus (30 BC - AD 14) saw the foundation of the majority of the regiments attested in Hadrian's time. In the earlier part of this period, regiments were raised from, and named after, individual tribes e.g. Campagonum, Trevirorum and Bessorum. Later, units were raised from and named after broad national groups e.g. Hispanorum, Gallorum, Thracum.
There is very little evidence concerning the organisation and policies of auxiliary recruitment. The ethnic origins of auxiliary recruits are attested in only a tiny fraction of cases. For example, the Cohors II Gallorum veterana equitata must have recruited ca. 8,000 effectives over its probable lifespan of ca. 250 years (assuming an average performed service of 15 years). But the origins of only 2 rankers are known. Conclusions about auxiliary recruitment drawn by scholars from the available evidence must therefore be regarded as tentative. According to Holder, during the Julio-Claudian era (14-68), a regiment's ethnic identity was preserved to some extent, with evidence of continued recruitment from the original people. By the time of Hadrian, however, a regiment's name, in most cases, probably represented the ethnic origin of few, if any, of its members. This is because in the Flavian era (69-96), as a matter of deliberate policy, most regiments were deployed in provinces far from their original home and drew the majority of their recruits from local natives and the rest from all parts of the empire. In most cases, therefore, a regiment's name had become an identification tag devoid of ethnic significance. A regiment deployed long-term in the same province would thus, over time, acquire the ethnic character of its host population.
There are exceptions to this rule:
- A minority of regiments remained stationed in their original home province, e.g., cohors I Delmatarum mill eq, still attested in Dalmatia in 130.
- Regiments founded a relatively short period before 130, e.g., the cohors I Aelia Dacorum stationed in Britain in 130 would probably still have contained mostly Dacian recruits at this time, as it had been established by Hadrian only about a decade earlier.
- Some specialised regiments (e.g., Syrian archers) and the elite Batavi show some evidence of continued preferential recruitment from their original province.
TABLE I: Regiments attested in the reign of Hadrian[]
The Roman empire in 125 AD, in the time of emperor Hadrian, showing the provinces and legions deployed
To access the table of auxiliary regiments for the province of your interest, click on the relevant note.
- Britannia (England/Wales) Britannia
- Germania Inferior (S Netherlands/NW Rhineland) Germania Inf
- Germania Superior (S Rheinland/Alsace-Lorraine) Germania Sup
- Raetia/Noricum (Germany S of Danube/Switzerland/Austria) Raetia
- Pannonia Sup & Inf (W Hungary/Slovenia) Pannonia
- Moesia Superior (Serbia) f[›]
- Moesia Inferior (N Bulgaria, coastal Romania) Moesia Inf
- Dacia (Romania) Dacia
- Cappadocia (Central/East Turkey) Cappadocia
- Syria inc Judaea, Arabia (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine/Israel, Jordan) Syria
- Aegyptus (Egypt) Egypt
- Mauretania inc Africa Pro (Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco) Mauretania
- Other provinces m[›]
KEY:
c.R. = civium Romanorum ("of Roman citizens"): an honorific title
eq = equitata (i.e. contains a cavalry contingent)
sagitt = sagittariorum (archer unit)
unit in bold type = milliaria (double-strength) regiment
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agrippina Miniata I Hispanorum Asturum II Asturum Augusta Gallorum Petriana c.R. Augusta Gallorum Proculeiana Picentiana Gallorum II Gallorum Sebosiana Gallorum et Thracum classiana I Pannoniorum Sabiniana I Pannoniorum Tampiana I Thracum I Tungrorum Hispanorum Vettonum Augusta Vocontiorum |
I Aquitanorum II Asturum eq IV Breucorum I Augusta Bracarum III Bracaraugustanorum I Baetasiorum c.R. I Batavorum eq I Celtiberorum I Aelia classica I Ulpia Cugernorum c.R. I Aelia Dacorum I Delmatarum II Delmatarum IV Delmatarum I Frisiavonum |
II Gallorum veterana eq IV Gallorum eq V Gallorum VI Gallorum I Hispanorum eq I Aelia Hispanorum eq I Lingonum eq II Lingonum eq III Lingonum eq IV Lingonum eq I Menapiorum I Morinorum I nauticarum I Augusta Nerviana Germanorum eq I Nerviorum II Nerviorum |
III Nerviorum IV Nerviorum II Pannoniorum V Raetorum I Sunucorum I Thracum II Thracum veterana VII Thracum I Tungrorum II Tungrorum c.L. eq I Vangionum eq I Vardulorum c.R. eq II Vasconum c.R. I Hamiorum sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Afrorum veterana Longiniana Gallorum Gallorum et Thracum classiana Moesica felix I Noricorum c.R. Sulpicia c.R. I Thracum |
II Asturum III Breucorum VI Breucorum VI Brittonum I civium Romanorum eq II civium Romanorum eq I classica II Hispanorum I Flavia Hispanorum eq |
VI ingenuorum c.R. I Latobicorum et Varcianorum I Lucensium I Pannoniorum et Delmatarum eq I Raetorum eq c.R. VI Raetorum IV Thracum eq II Varcianorum eq XV voluntariorum c.R. |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gallorum Indiana I Scubulorum |
I Aquitanorum veterana III Aquitanorum eq c.R. IV Aquitanorum eq c.R. I Asturum equitata eq I Biturigum Augusta Cyrenaica eq II Augusta Cyrenaica I Flavia Damascenorum III Delmatarum eq V Delmatarum I Germanorum c.R. |
I Helvetiorum II Hispanorum eq Ituraeorum c.R. I Ligurum et Hispanorum c.R. II Raetorum c.R. VII Raetorum eq IV Vindelicorum XXIV voluntariorum c.R. XXVI voluntariorum c.R. XXX voluntariorum c.R. XXXII voluntariorum c.R. |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| I Hispanorum Auriana I Commagenorum II Flavia I Flavia gemina c.R. I Flavia singularium |
II Aquitanorum eq c.R. I Asturum II Batavorum IX Batavorum eq V Bracaraugustanorum I Breucorum c.R. V Breucorum c.R. eq III Britannorum I Aelia Brittonum I Raetorum II Raetorum |
II Thracum III Thracum c.R. III Thracum veterana IV Tungrorum veterana I Flavia Canathenorum sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| I Hispanorum Aravacorum I Flavia Britannica c.R. I Brittonum c.R. I Cananefatium I civium Romanorum I Augusta Ituraeorum I Praetoria singularium c.R. I Thracum victrix II Augusta Thracum I Ulpia contariorum I Thracum veterana sagitt III Augusta Thracum sagitt |
I Alpinorum eq I Alpinorum peditata II Alpinorum eq II Asturum et Callaecorum eq III Batavorum eq VII Breucorum c.R. eq I Brittonum V Callaecorum Lucensium eq I Campanorum voluntariorum c.R. II Augusta Dacorum eq I Lusitanorum Cyrenaica III Lusitanorum I Montanorum eq |
I Noricorum eq I Ulpia Pannoniorum eq I Thracum c.R. I Thracum Germanica I Thracum Syriaca equitata eq II Augusta Thracum eq I Aelia Caesariensis sagitt I Aelia Gaesatorum sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| I Claudia nova miscellanea Gallorum Flaviana |
III Brittonum veterana eq III campestris c.R. V Gallorum eq V Gallorum et Pannoniorum V Hispanorum eq I Pannoniorum veterana eq |
I Antiochensium sagitt I Cretum eq sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| II Hispanorum Aravacorum I Vespasiana Dardanorum I Flavia Gaetulorum Gallorum Atectorigiana I Claudia Gallorum Capitoniana I Gallorum et Pannoniorum cataphractaria |
I Bracarorum c.R. II Bracaraugustanorum eq II Flavia Brittonum eq I Lepidiana c.R. II Lucensium I Lusitanorum II Mattiacorum eq |
I Flavia Numidarum eq I Sugambrorum tironum I Claudia Sugambrorum veterana eq I Thracum Syriaca II Chalcidenorum sagitt I Cilicum eq sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I Asturum I Batavorum |
I Afrorum c.R. eq |
I Cypria c.R. |
II Flavia Numidarum |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| II Ulpia Auriana I Augusta gemina colonorum I Ulpia Dacorum II Gallorum I Parthorum veterana |
Apula c.R. I Bosporanorum I Claudia eq II Claudia I Hamiorum c.R. I Italica voluntariorum c.R. milliaria c.R. eq I Numidarum |
II Ulpia Petreorum eq III Ulpia Petreorum eq I Raetorum eq IV Raetorum eq III Augusta Cyrenaica sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I Flavia Agrippiana II Flavia Agrippiana Gaetulorum veterana I Phrygum VII Phrygum I Ulpia singularium I Thracum Herculanea Augusta Xoitana I Ulpia dromedariorum Gallorum et Thracum Antiana sagitt |
III Bracarum IV Bracarugustanorum III Callaecorum Bracarum IV Callaecorum Lucensium II Cantabrorum II classica I Ulpia Dacorum III Dacorum I Damascena Armeniaca II equitum eq II Ulpia equitatum eq I Flavia I Gaetulorum I Ulpia Galatarum |
II Ulpia Galatarum VII Gallorum eq V gemella c.R. VI Hispanorum II Ligurum et Corsorum I Lucensium I Augusta Lusitanorum I Montanorum I Augusta Pannoniorum II Ulpia Paphlagonum III Ulpia Paphlagonum eq IV Ulpia Petreorum V Ulpia Petreorum eq VI Ulpia Petreorum |
I Sebastena I Thracum III Augusta Thracum II Thracum Syriaca III Thracum Syriaca IV Thracum Syriaca I Ascalonitanorum sagitt I Flavia Chalcidenorum eq sagitt I Damascenorum sagitt II Italica voluntariorum c.R. sagitt I Ulpia Petreorum eq sagitt I Ulpia c.R. sagitt I Augusta Thracum eq sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apriana Augusta Syriaca Commagenorum Gallorum veterana I Thracum Macedonica Vocontiorum |
I Ulpia Afrorum eq I Flavia Cilicum eq II Ituraeorum III Ituraeorum I Aug. praetoria Lusitanorum eq I Macedonica eq |
I Pannoniorum I Thebaeorum eq II Thebaeorum scutata c.R. I Apamenorum eq sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| III Asturum I Augusta c.R. I Augusta Gallorum I Gallorum Tauriana victrix Gemelliana c.R. I Flavia Numidica I Augusta Nerviana I Pannoniorum II Augusta Thracum I Hamiorum sagitt Parthorum sagitt I Syrorum sagitt II Syrorum sagitt |
I Flavia Afrorum II Flavia Afrorum I Asturum et Callaecorum III Asturum c.R. eq II Breucorum II Brittonum eq I Chalcidenorum eq VI Commagenorum eq I Corsorum c.R. V Delmatarum c.R. |
Aelia expedita I Flavia eq III Gallorum felix IV Gallorum c.R. II Hamiorum I Flavia Hispanorum II Hispanorum c.R. eq I Ituraeorum c.R. I Lemavorum c.R. VII Lusitanorum eq |
I Flavia Musulamiorum eq I Nurritanorum II Sardorum IV Sugambrorum IV Tungrorum I Syrorum sagitt II Syrorum eq sagitt |
| ALAE | XXX | COHORTES | COHORTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| II Flavia Hispanorum (HISP) | III Alpinorum eq (DLM) I Aelia Athoitarum (THR) I Ausetanorum (HISP?) I Flavia Bessorum (MCD) Callaecorum (?) I Celtiberorum eq (HISP) I Cisipadensium c.R. (THR) Dacorum (?) I Gallica c.R. eq (HISP) I Delmatarum mill eq (DLM) |
I Ligurum (AS?) maritima (BAE) Maurorum et Afrorum (?) I Musulamiorum (LYC) VI praetoria (BYT) III sagittariorum (?) I/II nova tironum (HISP) VIII voluntariorum (DLM) XXV voluntariorum (HISP?) |
GLOSSARY OF NON-ETHNIC REGIMENTAL NAMES
NB: Where a regiment carries the name of a person (other than an imperial name, see below), e.g. ala Sulpicia, the name in most cases is that of the regiment's first, or early, praefectus (regimental commander). In the Augustan era, commanders of auxiliary units were often Roman legionary centurions, or native chieftains e.g. ala Gallorum Atectorigiana, which was probably once commanded by a Gallic chieftain named Atectorix. (Later, the emperor Claudius restricted auxiliary commands to Roman knights only).
(1) imperial dedications
- Augusta: founded by emperor Augustus (r. 30 BC - AD 14), or honoured with this title by any of his successors
- Claudia: founded by, or honoured by, one of: Tiberius (r.14-37), Caligula (37-41) or Claudius (41-54), all of whom were members of the Claudii clan
- Flavia: Vespasian (Titus Flavius Vespasianus r.69-79) or one of his two sons and successors, Titus (79-81) or Domitian (81-96)
- Ulpia: Trajan (Marcus Ulpius Traianus r.98-117)
- Aelia: Hadrian (Publius Aelius Hadrianus r.117-138)
- Aurelia: Marcus Aurelius (r.161-180)
- Septimia: Septimius Severus (r.197-211)
N.B. In the 4th century, Valeria referred to emperor Diocletian (Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, r.284-305) and Flavia to Constantine I (Flavius Valerius Constantinus, r.312-337) or some of his successors.
(2) names of regiments originally raised by the emperor Augustus during the Illyrian revolt crisis (AD 6-9) from Roman citizens not admissible to legions (i.e. vagrants, convicts, debtors and freed slaves):
- civium Romanorum: regiment originally composed of Roman citizens (inc freed slaves)
- ingenuorum: regiment originally free-born (ingenui) Roman citizens
- voluntariorum: regiment originally volunteers (voluntarii), in reality slaves freed in return for military service during the Illyrian revolt crisis[1]
PS: After their initial recruitment of Roman citizens, these regiments recruited non-citizens (peregrini) like all other regiments.
(3) other non-ethnic regimental names:
- classica: the regiment was originally recruited, probably in the Illyrian emergency, from naval personnel (from classis = "fleet"), who were mostly non-citizens. Also nauticarum (from nautae= "sailors") and maritima.
- praetoria: originally a cohort of the Praetorian Guard in Rome. Apparently a detachment of the cohort was left behind at the end of an imperial campaign, presumably to form the core of a new auxiliary cohort, retaining the prestigious name.
- singularium: ala formed around members of the elite equites singulares Augusti (imperial horseguards), left behind to reinforce frontier at the end of an imperial campaign.
- contariorum: specialised regiment of lancers (contarii) from contus (a long lance)
- dromedariorum: specialised regiment of camel-mounted troops for desert warfare
(4) regimental epithets:
- civium Romanorum (c.R. for short): title awarded by the emperor to a regiment for signal valour. All current (but not future) members would be granted Roman citizenship, and the regiment would retain the title in perpetuity.
- veterana: uncertain meaning: may have been used to distinguish older unit from a newer unit with the same serial number and name
- tironum: from tirones ("trainees")
TABLE II: Index of ethnic regimental names[]
Linguistic group code
- C = Celtic language group
- X = non Indo-European language
- X/C = non Indo-European base with strong Celtic influence
- X/S = Semitic language group
| Regimental name |
Original tribe/city |
Roman province |
Original territory (approx.) |
Native language |
Further information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afrorum | Afri | Africa | Tunisia | Berber (X) | |
| Alpinorum | Salassi | Alpes Tres | Val d'Aosta, NW It | Ligurian (X/C) | Alpine regiments of the Roman army |
| Antiochensium | Antiochenses | Syria | Antakya Turkey | Aramaic (X/S) | |
| Aquitanorum | Aquitani | Aquitania | Aquitaine, SW Fr | Aquitanian (X) | |
| Apamenorum | Apameni | Syria | Apamea, Syria | Aramaic (X/S) | |
| Aravacorum | Aravaci | Hispania | Burgos pr Spain | Celtiberian (C) | |
| Ascalonitanorum | Ascalonitani | Judaea | Ascalon, Israel | Aramaic (X/S) | |
| Asturum | Astures | Hispania | Asturias N Sp | Celtiberian (C) | |
| Athoitarum | Autariatae | Dalmatia | Bosnia | Illyrian | |
| Ausetanorum | Ausetani | Hispania | N Barcelona pr Sp | Iberian (X) | |
| Baetasiorum | Baetasii | Germania Inf | S Netherlands | W Germanic | |
| Batavorum | Batavi | Germania Inf | Betuwe E Neth | W Germanic | |
| Bessorum | Bessi | Thracia | Mid Bulgaria | Thracian | |
| Biturigum | Bituriges | Lugdunensis | Berry, C France | Gaulish (C) | |
| Bosporanorum | Bosporani | Moesia Inf | NE Bulgaria | Sarmatian | |
| Bracarorum (Bracarum) (Bracaraugust.) |
Bracari | Gallaecia | Minho, Portugal | Gallaecian (C) | |
| Breucorum | Breuci | Dalmatia | N Bosnia | Illyrian | |
| Brittonum (Britannorum) |
Brittones (Britanni) |
Britannia | N Britain | Brythonic (C) | |
| Burgariorum | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
| Campagonum | Campagones | Hispania | N Spain | Celtiberian | |
| Campanorum | (Roman cit) | Italia | Campania It. | Latin | |
| Canathenorum | Canatheni | Syria | Canatha, Syria | Aramaic X/S | |
| Cannanefatium | Cananefates | Germania Inf | S Holland, Neth | W Germanic | |
| Cantabrorum | Cantabri | Hispania | Cantabria N Sp. | Celtiberian (C) | |
| Celtiberorum | Celtiberi | Hispania | Guadalajara Spain | Celtiberian (C) | |
| Chalcidenorum | Chalcideni | Bithynia | Chalcedon, Turk | Greek | |
| Cilicum | Cilices | Cilicia | Icel/Adana pr Turk | Lydian | |
| Cisipadensium | (Roman cit) | Italia (Aemilia) | Emilia-Romagna, It | Latin | |
| Commagenorum | Commagene | Cappadocia | Gaziantep pr Turk | Greek | |
| Corsorum | Corsi | Sardinia | N Sardinia, It | Sardinian | |
| Cretum | Cretes | Creta | Crete, Greece | Greek | |
| Cugernorum | Cugerni | Germania Inf | NW Rhineland Ger | W Germanic | |
| Dardanorum | Dardani | Macedonia | S Serbia/Kosovo | Illyrian | |
| Dacorum | Daci | Dacia | Romania | Dacian | |
| Damascenorum | Damasceni | Syria | Damascus, Syria | Aramaic (X/S) | |
| Delmatarum | Dalmatae | Dalmatia | Dalmacja, Croatia | Illyrian | |
| Frisiavonum | Frisiavones | Germania Inf | N Brabant S Neth | W Germanic | |
| Gaesatorum | Gaesati | Belgica | Alsace, Fr | Gaulish | |
| Gaetulorum | Gaetuli | Mauretania | Algeria | Berber (X) | |
| Galatarum | Galatae | Galatia | Ankara pr C Turk | Galatian (C) | |
| Gallaecorum | Gallaeci | Gallaecia | Galicia NW Spain | Gallaecian (C) | |
| Gallorum | Gauls | Lugdunensis | NE France | Gaulish (C) | |
| Hamiorum | Hamii | Syria | Hama, Syria | Aramaic (X/S) | |
| Helvetiorum | Helvetii | Belgica | SW Switzerland | Gaulish (C) | |
| Hispanorum | Hispani | Hispani | N Spain | Celtiberian (C) | |
| Illyricorum | Illyrici | Dalmatia | Bosnia | Illyrian | |
| Ituraeorum | Ituraei | Syria | S Lebanon | Aramaic (X/S) | |
| Latobicorum | Latobici | Pannonia | C Bosnia | Illyrian | |
| Lemavorum | Lemavi | Gallaecia | Galicia (Spain) | Celtiberian (C) | |
| Ligurum | Ligures | Italia (Liguria) | Liguria, It | Ligurian (X/C) | Alpine regiments of the Roman army |
| Lingonum | Lingones | Belgica | Langres, NE Fr | Gaulish (C) | |
| Lucensium | Lucenses | Gallaecia | cLugo Galicia | Gallaecian (C) | |
| Lusitanorum | Lusitani | Lusitania | Portugal | Celtiberian (C) | |
| Mattiacorum | Mattiaci | Germania Sup | Rhineland Pfalz | W Germanic | |
| Maurorum | Mauri | Mauretania | Algeria | Berber (X) | |
| Menapiorum | Menapii | Belgica | W Flanders, Bel | Gaulish (C) | |
| Morinorum | Morini | Belgica | Pas-de-Calais Fr | Gaulish (C) | |
| Montanorum | Montani | Pannonia | Julian Alps, Slov | Raetian (X/C) | Alpine regiments of the Roman army |
| Musulamiorum | Musulamii | Mauretania | E Algeria | Berber (X) | |
| Nerviorum | Nervii | Belgica | Flandres, Fr | Gaulish (C) | |
| Noricorum | Taurisci | Noricum | Mid Austria | (C) | Alpine regiments of the Roman army |
| Numidarum | Numidae | Numidia | NE Algeria | Berber (X) | |
| Nurritanorum | Nurritani | Sardinia | cNuoro, N Sardinia | Sardinian | |
| Pannoniorum | Pannonii | Pannonia | W Hungary | Illyrian | |
| Parthorum | Parthi | Cappadocia | E Turkey | Parthian | |
| Petreorum | Nabataei | Arabia Pet. | cPetra Jordan | Arabic (X/S) | |
| Phrygum | Phryges | Galatia | Eskisehir W Turk | Phrygian | |
| Raetorum | Raeti | Raetia | S Ger/Switz | Raetian (X/C) | Alpine regiments of the Roman army |
| Sardorum | Sardi | Sardinia | S Sardinia | Sardinian | |
| Scubulorum | Scubuli | Macedonia | cSkopje Mac | Illyrian | |
| Sequanorum | Sequani | Belgica | Franche-Comté Fr | Gaulish (C) | |
| Sugambrorum | Sicambri | Germania Inf | NW Rhineland | W Germanic | |
| Sunucorum | Sunici | Germania Inf | E Neth | W Germanic | |
| Syrorum | Syri | Syria | Syria | Aramaic (X/S) | |
| Thebaeorum | Thebaei | Aegyptus | Thebes, Egypt | Egyptian (X) | |
| Thracum | Thraces | Thracia | Bulgaria | Thracian | |
| Trevirorum | Treveri | Belgica | cTrier Ger | Gaulish (C) | |
| Tungrorum | Tungri | Belgica | cTongeren (Tongres) Bel | Gaulish (C) | |
| Tyriorum | Tyrii | Syria | Tyre, S Lebanon | Phoenician | |
| Ubiorum | Ubii | Germania Inf | NW Rhineland | W Germanic | |
| Vangionum | Vangiones | Germania Sup | Mainz/Worms Ger | W Germanic | |
| Varcianorum | Varciani | Pannonia | E Croatia | Illyrian | |
| Vardulorum | Varduli | Hispania | Guipuzcoa, Spain | Old Basque (X) | |
| Vasconum | Vascones | Hispania | Navarra, Spain | Old Basque | |
| Veredariorum | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
| Vettonum | Vettones | Lusitania | Salamanca pr Sp | Celtiberian (C) | |
| Vindelicorum | Vindelici | Raetia | Black Forest, Ger | Celtic/German | Alpine regiments of the Roman army |
| Vocontiorum | Vocontii | Lugdunensis | Dauphiné, Fr | Gaulish (C) |
External links[]
Citations[]
- ↑ Goldsworthy Complete Roman Army 64
See also[]
- Roman auxiliaries
- List of Roman legions
The original article can be found at List of Roman auxiliary regiments and the edit history here.