The leaders of the Central Powers of World War I were the political or military figures who commanded or supported the Central Powers during World War I.
The three emperors: Kaiser Wilhelm II, Mehmed V, Franz Joseph.
A postcard depicting the leaders of the Central Powers.
Austria-Hungary[]
- Franz Joseph I[1] − Emperor of Austria-Hungary
- Karl I[2] − Emperor of Austria-Hungary
- Count Leopold Berchtold[3] − Austrian Foreign Minister
- István Tisza[4] − Prime Minister of Hungary
- Archduke Friedrich[5] − Supreme Commander of the Austro-Hungarian Army
- Conrad von Hötzendorf[6] − Chief of the Austro-Hungarian General Staff
- Arthur Arz von Straußenburg[2] − Chief of the Austro-Hungarian General Staff
- Svetozar Boroević[7] − Austro-Hungarian field marshal regarded as one of the finest defensive strategists of the war.
- Anton Haus[8] − Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
- Maximilian Njegovan[9] − Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
- Miklós Horthy[10] − Commander-in-Chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
German Empire[]
- Wilhelm II[11] − German Emperor
- Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg[12] − Chancellor of the German Empire
- Arthur Zimmermann[13] − German foreign minister
- Helmuth von Moltke[14] − Chief of the German General Staff
- Erich von Falkenhayn[15] − Chief of the German General Staff
- Paul von Hindenburg[16] − Chief of the German General Staff
- Alfred von Tirpitz[17] − Admiral in the German Navy
- Reinhard Scheer[18] − Commander of the Imperial High Seas Fleet
- Erich Ludendorff[16] − Quartermaster general of the German Army
- Leopold of Bavaria[19] − Supreme Commander East
- Max Hoffmann[20] − Chief of Staff in the East
- Wilhelm Souchon[21] − German Naval Advisor to the Ottoman Empire
- Otto Liman von Sanders[22] − German Army Advisor to the Ottoman Empire
- Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck[23] − German Army Commander of East Africa Campaign
- Hermann von François[24] − German Army General
- Georg von der Marwitz[25] − Prussian cavalry general in the German armies
Ottoman Empire[]
- Mehmed V[26] − Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
- Mehmed VI[27] − Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
- Said Halim Pasha[28] − Ottoman Grand Vizier
- Enver Pasha[29] − Commander-in-Chief of the Ottoman Army
- Fritz Bronsart von Schellendorf[30] − Chief of the Ottoman General Staff
- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk[31] − Commander of the Second Army
- Djemal Pasha[32] − Commander of the 4th Army in Syria, Minister of the Navy
- Fevzi Çakmak[33] − Commander of 7th Army in Palestine, II. Caucasian Corps
Bulgaria[]
- Ferdinand I[34] − Tsar of Bulgaria
- Vasil Radoslavov[35] − Prime Minister of Bulgaria
- Nikola Zhekov[36] − Commander-in-Chief of the Bulgarian Army
- Georgi Todorov − commander of the 2nd Army, deputy Commander-in-Chief
- Konstantin Zhostov − Chief of the Bulgarian General Staff
- Vladimir Vazov − Bulgarian Lieutenant General
Jabal Shammar[]
- Saud bin Abdulaziz[37] − Amir of Jabal Shammar
Dervish Kingdom[]
- Garad Diiriye Guure − succeeded by the Sayyid of the Dervish kingdom
Sultanate of Darfur[]
- Ali Dinar[38] − Sultan of Darfur
Azerbaijan[]
- Fatali Khan Khoyski[39] − Prime Minister of Azerbaijan from May 28, 1918 to April 14, 1919
- Nasib Yusifbeyli[40] − Prime Minister of Azerbaijan from April 14, 1919 to April 1, 1920
- Samad bey Mehmandarov − Azerbaijani General of the Artillery in the Azerbaijani and Russian armies, as well as Minister of France of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
- Ali-Agha Shikhlinski − Artillery general of Azerbaijan
See also[]
References[]
- Hart, Peter (2013). The Great War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199976270.
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 9
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hart 2013, p. 299
- ↑ "Leopold, count von Berchtold". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 2015. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/61548/Leopold-count-von-Berchtold. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ↑ "István, Count Tisza". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 2015. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/597071/Istvan-Count-Tisza. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ↑ Jewison, Glenn; Steiner, Jörg C.. "Erzherzog Friedrich". http://www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk/biog/erzfried.htm. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 15
- ↑ Jewison, Glenn; Steiner, Jörg C.. "Svetozar Boroević von Bojna". http://www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk/biog/boroevic.htm. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ↑ Duffy, Michael (22 August 2009). "Who's Who - Anton Haus". http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/haus.htm. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ↑ Duffy, Michael (22 August 2009). "Who's Who - Maximilian Njegovan". http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/njegovan.htm. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ↑ "Miklós Horthy". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. 2015. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/272477/Miklos-Horthy. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 2
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 26
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 308
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 14
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 67
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Hart 2013, p. 231
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 95
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 250
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 248
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 85
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 167
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 170
- ↑ Ashby, Timothy (23 July 2012). "The German General Who Told Hitler to Go Screw Himself". http://timashby.com/the-german-general-who-told-hitler-to-go-screw-himself/. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
- ↑ Royde-Smith, John Graham (11 January 2015). "World War I". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/648646/World-War-I/53124/The-Eastern-and-other-fronts-1914#ref512355. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 374
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 168
- ↑ "Mehmed VI". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 2015. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/373197/Mehmed-VI. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ "Said Halim Paşa". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 2015. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/252550/Said-Halim-Pasa. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ "Enver Paşa". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 3 September 2014. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/189115/Enver-Pasa. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ Hindley, Meredith (14 April 1997). "Review of: Dadrian, Vahakn N.: German Responsibility in the Armenian Genocide. A Review of the Historical Evidence of German Complicity. Watertown 1996". http://www.hsozkult.de/publicationreview/id/rezbuecher-342.
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 171
- ↑ Manoukian, Jennifer (16 April 2014). "An Encounter with Djemal Pasha". The Armenian Weekly. http://armenianweekly.com/2014/04/16/encounter-djemal-pasha/.
- ↑ "Fevzi Çakmak". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 23 September 2014. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/88667/Fevzi-Cakmak. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ "Ferdinand". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 2015. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/204384/Ferdinand. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ "Bulgaria". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. 20 November 2013. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/84090/Bulgaria/42743/World-War-I#ref476537. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ Duffy, Michael (22 September 2009). "Who's Who - Nikola Zhekov". http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/zhekov.htm. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ Glubb, John Bagot (1 April 2014). "Ibn Sa'ud". Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/280827/Ibn-Saud#ref22894. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ McGregor, Andrew (9 June 2006). "Subverting the Sultan". MilitaryHistoryOnline.com, LLC. http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/wwi/articles/subvertingthesultan.aspx. Retrieved 30 January 2015.
- ↑ Akhudnov, Fuad (1998). "Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan Leaders (1918-1920) - Fatali Khoyski - Prime Minister (1875-1920)". p. 31. http://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/61_folder/61_articles/61_khoyski.html.
- ↑ Akhundov, Fuad (1998). "Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan Leaders (1918-1920) - Nasib Yusifbeyli - Prime Minister (1881-1920)". p. 26. http://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/61_folder/61_articles/61_yusifbeyli.html.
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