| Kotlin-class destroyer | |
|---|---|
 SAM Kotlin class destroyer Vozbuzhdenyy in January 1981 | |
| Class overview | |
| Name: | Kotlin |
| Operators: |
 Soviet Navy  Polish Navy |
| Preceded by: | Neustrashimy class destroyer |
| Succeeded by: | Kildin class destroyer |
| Completed: | 27 |
| Active: | 0 |
| Retired: | 27 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | destroyer |
| Displacement: |
2,662 tonnes (2,620 long tons; 2,934 short tons) (standard), 3,230 t (3,180 long tons; 3,560 short tons) (full load) |
| Length: | 126.1 m (414 ft) |
| Beam: | 12.7 m (42 ft) |
| Draught: | 4.2 m (14 ft) |
| Propulsion: |
2× shaft geared steam turbines, 4 boilers, 72,000 hp (54 MW) |
| Speed: | 38 knots (70 km/h; 44 mph) |
| Complement: | 284 |
| Sensors and processing systems: |
Radar: Fut -N (air search), Ryf (surface) Sonar: Pegas |
| Armament: |
4 × 130 mm (5.1 in) guns (2×2) 16 × 45 mm (1.8 in) (4×4) 10 × 533 mm (20 in) torpedo tubes (2×5) 6 depth charge throwers (later replaced by ASW mortars) 50× mines |
Kotlin class destroyers were Cold War era ships built for the Soviet Navy. The Russian name for this class was Project 56 Spokoinyy (Спокойный, "tranquil"). 27 ships were built between 1955 and 1958; they were all decommissioned in the late 1980s. The Kildin class is based on the design of the Kotlins. The Chinese Luda class, which is based on the Neustrashimy class, also borrows some design concepts from the Kotlin class.
Design[]
This design was a smaller version of the Neustrashimy class destroyer which was seen as being too large and expensive for economic series production, as well as too slow. Detailed design changes eliminated some of the problems seen during trials of the Neustrashimyy. A production run of 100 ships was planned but this was curtailed because of the advent of the guided missile. 32 were ordered, but four ships were completed as Kildin class (Project 56E/EM), the last vessel was canceled.
11 ships (Project 56PLO, Kotlin Mod.) were modified for enhanced ASW capabilities by adding rocket depth charge launchers.
In 1962, the Soviet Navy installed the navalized version of the S-125 Neva, the SA-N-1 'Goa', to a Project 56K Kotlin SAM class destroyer, the Bravyi (also spelled Bravyy) for testing. The system used the 4K90 (V-600) missile that could engage targets at distances from 4–15 km (0–10 mi) and altitudes of 100–10,000 m (300–32,800 ft). Fire control and guidance was provided by 4R90 Yatagan radar. The system could track only one target at a time. The missiles were loaded on the dual-arm ZIF-101 launcher, with under-deck magazine storage for 16 more.
The Soviet navy would eventually retrofit seven Kotlin ships to carry SAMs; these ships were known to NATO as the Kotlin SAM class (Project 56A). One more was modified and sold to Poland (Project 56AE, being the only Project 56 destroyer exported). Later versions of the SAM system, such as the Volna-M (SA-N-1B), the Volna-P, and Volna-N provided greater missile range and capability.
Ships[]
| Ship | Builder | Launched | Commissioned | Modernisation | Decommissioned |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spokoinyy - Спокойный - "Peaceful" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | 28 November 1953 | 27 June 1956 | none | 19 April 1990 |
| Svetlyy - Светлый - "Bright" ( or "Light") | Zhdanov, Leningrad | 27 October 1953 | 17 September 1955 | none | 25 April 1989 |
| Speshnyy - Спешный - "Rapid" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | none | 25 April 1989 | ||
| Skromnyy - Скромный - "Modest" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | 25 April 1989 | ||
| Svedushchiy - Сведущий - "Knowledgeable" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Smyshlenyy - Смышленый - "Sharp (quickwitted)" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Skrytnyy - Скрытный - "Secretive" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | none | |||
| Soznatelnyy - Сознательный - "Aware" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Spravedlivyy - Справедливый - "Just" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56AE) | Transferred to the Polish navy as the ORP Warszawa 1970 | ||
| Nesokrushimyy - Несокрушимый - "Indestructible" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Nakhodchivyy - Находчивый - "Resourceful" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Nastoychivyy - Настойчивый - "Persistent" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Byvalvyy - Бывалый - "Experienced" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Bravyy - Бравый - "Brave" | Nikolayev | SAM (56K) | |||
| Besslednyy - Бесследный - "Untraceable" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Burlivyy - Бурливый - "Turbulent" or "Tempestuous" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Blagorodnyy - Благородный - "Noble" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Blestyashchyy - Блестящий - "Brilliant" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Plammeny - Пламенный - "Fiery" or "Ardent" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Naporystyy - Напористый - "Forceful" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vyzyvayushchiy - Вызывающий - "Challenging" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Veskiy - Веский - "Convincing" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | none | |||
| Vdokhnovenyy - Вдохновенный - "Inspiring" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vozmuschenyy - Возмущенный - "Indignant" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vozbuzhdenyy - Возбужденный - "Excited" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | SAM (56A) | |||
| Vliyatelnyy - Влиятельный - "Influential" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | none | 17 July 1988 | ||
| Vyderzhannyy - Выдержанный - "Consistent" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | 24 June 1957 | 10 December 1957 | none | 24 April 1992 |
- Bravyy - was the Kotlin SAM prototype
The ships were scrapped between 1987 and 1990.
See also[]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Spokoynyy class destroyer. |
References[]
- Gardiner, Robert (ed.) (1995). Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995. London: Conway Maritime. ISBN 0-85177-605-1. OCLC 34284130. Also published as Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen; Budzbon, Przemysław (1995). Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7. OCLC 34267261.
External links[]
- Federation of American Scientists: Project 56 Kotlin class, Project 56-A Kotlin SAM class, Project 56-PLO Kotlin Mod class Destroyer
- (English) All Russian Kotlin Class Destroyers - Complete Ship List
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