India Catalina

Catalina
Statue of India Catalina in Cartagena de Indias.
Personal details
Born	c. 1495
Died	unknown
Spouse	Alonso Montañez
Occupation	Translator, interpreter

India Catalina (c. 1495 – ?) was an indigenous woman (almost certainly Calamari) from the Colombian Atlantic coast, who accompanied Pedro de Heredia and played a role in the Spanish conquest of Colombia, acting as interpreter and intermediary.

History

Catalina was abducted in 1509 by Spanish conqueror Diego de Nicuesa from an indigenous settlement known as Zamba o Galerazamba, where she was the daughter of the local chief. She was sent to Santo Domingo, where she learned the Spanish language and adopted the Catholic religion. Pedro de Heredia required her to serve as an interpreter to the Native Americans. Afterwards, she married Alonso Montañez, Pedro de Heredia's nephew.^{[citation needed]}

The events of the Spanish conquest in the area of modern Cartagena ended with the complete annihilation of the Calamari people, which happened while she was enslaved and abducted by the Spaniards.^{[citation needed]}

The name of Catalina India appeared in a letter sent for Pedro de Heredia to King Carlos V in 1533. No one knew what her real name was because he^{[Clarification needed]} began calling her 'Catalina' from 1509 when the Diego de Nicuesa expedition kidnapped and took her to Santo Domingo where she was educated as a Spaniard. From that time she would use Spanish dress only but was still considered a slave.

When they returned to Cartagena twenty years after, she was changed.^{[Clarification needed]} She made the first contact with Corinche Indians after her arrival with Heredia, on the 14 January 1533. She translated for Heredia in the slaughter of the many Indian towns as turbacos that he eliminated in combat to Juan de La Cosa many years ago.^{[Clarification needed]}

Monument

The monument is located in the historic center of Cartagena. St Felipe castle in the background

The monument to India Catalina was sculpted by Eladio Gil Zambrana and presented to the public in 1974. Small scale replicas are used in the Cartagena Film Festival awards.

See also

• La Malinche
• Sacagawea

References

• Lecturas: Fin de Semana El Tiempo newspaper, pag. 2, Vicente Martinez Emilliani, September 9, 2006
• Dr. Luis Fernando Villanueva
• BIOGRAFÍAS DE HOMBRES ILUSTRES Ó NOTABLES, Relativas á la época del Descubrimiento, Conquista y Colonización de la parte de América denominada actualmente Estados Unidos de Colombia. Doña Soledad Acosta De Samper, 1883

External links

• Places of interest in Cartagena