File:Hr._Ms._Krakatau.jpg Krakatau capsized in 1932 | |
Career (Netherlands) | |
---|---|
Name: | Krakatau |
Namesake: | Krakatau |
Operator: |
|
Builder: | Marine Etablissement te Soerabaja |
Laid down: | 3 February 1923 |
Launched: | 2 February 1924 |
Commissioned: | 11 December 1924 |
Fate: | Scuttled on 8 March 1942 |
General characteristics [1] | |
Type: | Minelayer |
Displacement: | 982 t (966 long tons) |
Length: | 65 m (213 ft 3 in) |
Beam: | 10.5 m (34 ft 5 in) |
Draught: | 3.2 m (10 ft 6 in) |
Propulsion: |
|
Speed: | 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph) |
Crew: | 91 |
Armament: |
|
HNLMS Krakatau was a minelayer of the Royal Netherlands Navy (RNN).[2] She was built in the Dutch East Indies and served between 1924 and 1942 in the RNN.[3]
Design and construction[]
Krakatau was laid down on 3 February 1923 and launched on 2 February 1924 at the Marine Etablissement te Soerabaja (MES).[1][4] The ship was designed by the Dutch engineer R. O. Leegstra.[5] After passing its sea trials in October 1924 Krakatau was commissioned on 11 December 1924.[1][6][7] While the ship passed its sea trials, it did share a common flaw with other ships built at the MES at the time, namely stability problems.[8] To counter this problem permanent ballast was added to the Krakatau, however, it did not manage to completely fix the stability problem of the ship.[9]
Service history[]
On 11 October 1932 Krakatau capsized in the Oostervaarwater near Soerabaja.[2][10] At the time the ship was doing a speed related exercise when it began taking water.[11] It was theorized that this was the result of leaving the mine doors at the rear of the ship open.[8][9] The increasing speed during the exercise would have led to high waves that would land on the rear of the ship, which could pour inside through the open doors.[9][11] Eventually the water inside the ship gathered at one side of the ship and it slowly capsized.[8] On 4 December 1932 Krakatau was re-floated and towed to the MES.[12] There it was determined that the ship had taken minimal damage and would be fully repaired.[13] The next year, on 4 September 1933, Krakatau was taken back into service.[14]
Second World War[]
Between 19 and 20 February 1942 Krakatau acted as a motor torpedo boat tender for a division of motor torpedo boats and took part in the Battle of Badung Strait.[2] Shortly after the battle the ship provided gasoline to motor torpedo boats in the Pangpang Baai.[15] During this time it managed to stay hidden and unharmed, even when Japanese scouts and bombers flew over, as a result of its carefully applied camouflage.[15]
On 8 March 1942 Krakatau was scuttled by its crew 500 meters from the dock[lower-alpha 1] of the Pyrotechnische Werkplaatsen in the Westervaarwater near Batoe Porron in Madoera.[2][14] The ship was scuttled because there was not enough oil to make the journey to an Allied port and it was determined that it had not much fighting value as a warship.[16] Afterwards the crew of the ship left for Kamal to continue the battle on land against the Japanese.[8]
Notes[]
Citations[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Mark (1997), p. 98.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 von Münching (1978), p. 68.
- ↑ Raven (1988), p. 181.
- ↑ "Terwaterlating van een Mijnenlegger." (in Dutch). De Indische Courant. 4 February 1924. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010277211:mpeg21:a0130.
- ↑ "De "Krakatau"" (in Dutch). Het nieuws van den dag voor Nederlandsch-Indië. 13 October 1942. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010220120:mpeg21:a0012.
- ↑ "De mijnenlegger "Krakatau"" (in Dutch). De Telegraaf. 22 October 1924. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:110562831:mpeg21:a0071.
- ↑ "De Nieuwe mijnenlegger" (in Dutch). Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië. 20 October 1924. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB19:000428046:mpeg21:a00052.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Roetering (1997), p. 22.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "De "Krakatau": De vermoedelijke oorzaak." (in Dutch). Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad. 14 October 1932. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:011073200:mpeg21:a0074.
- ↑ "De mijnenlegger "Krakatau" omgeslagen." (in Dutch). Nieuwsblad van Friesland. 12 October 1932. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010735610:mpeg21:a0057.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "De mijnenlegger "Krakatau" omgeslagen: Een bijzonder gelukkige afloop zonder slachtoffers." (in Dutch). Algemeen handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indië. 13 October 1932. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMKB19:000453093:mpeg21:p00002.
- ↑ "De "Krakatau": Naar Soerabaja gesleept" (in Dutch). Nieuwe Haarlemsche Courant. 6 December 1932. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=MMNHA03:179122005:mpeg21:a00037.
- ↑ "De "Krakatau": Wordt volledig hersteld" (in Dutch). Algemeen Handelsblad. 27 December 1932. https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010663910:mpeg21:a0355.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Mark (1997), p. 99.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Bosscher (1986), p. 268.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Bosscher (1986), p. 335.
References[]
- Mark, Chris (1997) (in Dutch). Schepen van de Koninklijke Marine in W.O. II. Alkmaar: De Alk. ISBN 90-6013-522-9.
- von Münching, L.L. (1978) (in Dutch). Schepen van de Koninklijke Marine in de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Alkmaar: Alk. ISBN 90-6013-903-8.
- Bosscher, Ph.M. (1986) (in Dutch). De Koninklijke Marine in de Tweede Wereldoorlog. 2: Indië tot en met 8 maart 1942.. Franeker: Wever. ISBN 90-6135-372-6.
- Roetering, B., ed (1997) (in Dutch). Mijnendienst 1907-1997 90 jaar: feiten, verhalen en anekdotes uit het negentigjarig bestaan van de Mijnendienst van de Koninklijke Marine. ISBN 90-90-10528-X.
- Raven, G.J.A., ed (1988) (in Dutch). De kroon op het anker: 175 jaar Koninklijke Marine. Amsterdam: De Bataafsche Leeuw. ISBN 90-6707-200-1.
|
The original article can be found at HNLMS Krakatau and the edit history here.