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Revision as of 08:32, 4 February 2014
 Dutch Submarine K X, in Surabaya, Dutch East Indies | |
| Career |  |
|---|---|
| Name: | HNLMS K X |
| Ordered: | 27 June 1917 |
| Builder: | Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Vlissingen |
| Yard number: | 169 |
| Laid down: | 1 November 1919 |
| Launched: | 2 May 1923 |
| Commissioned: | 24 September 1923 |
| Decommissioned: | 2 March 1942 |
| Fate: |
Scuttled, 2 March 1942 Scrapped, 1946 |
| General characteristics [1] | |
| Class & type: | K VIII-class submarine |
| Displacement: |
Surfaced: 520 long tons (528 t) standard 583 long tons (592 t) full load Submerged: 715 long tons (726 t) standard 810 long tons (823 t) full load |
| Length: | 64.41 m (211 ft 4 in) |
| Beam: | 5.6 m (18 ft 4 in) |
| Draught: | 3.55 m (11 ft 8 in) |
| Propulsion: |
• 2 × 775 hp (578 kW) 6-cylinder Sulzer 2-stroke diesel engines • 2 × 200 hp (149 kW) electric motors • 2 shafts |
| Speed: |
Surfaced: • 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) Submerged: • 8 kn (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) |
| Range: |
Surfaced: 3,500 nmi (6,500 km; 4,000 mi) at 11 kn (20 km/h; 13 mph) Submerged: 25 nmi (46 km; 29 mi) at 8 kn (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) |
| Test depth: | 50 m (160 ft) |
| Complement: | 31 |
| Armament: |
• 4 × 450 mm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes (2 bow, 2 stern) • 10 × Type III 45cm torpedoes • 1 × 88 mm (3.5 in) deck gun • 1 × 12.7 mm machine gun |
HNLMS K X was one of the three K VIII-class submarines of the Royal Netherlands Navy, built to serve as a patrol vessel in the Dutch colonies.[2]
Ship history
The submarine was ordered from the Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde shipyard at Vlissingen on 27 June 1917, but not laid down until 1 November 1919, and finally launched on 2 May 1923.[1] Commissioned on 24 September 1923, she sailed alone to the Dutch East Indies in late 1924.[2]
World War II
In February and March 1941 K X, K VIII and K XIX patrolled the Sunda Strait while based at Tanjung Priok, while the German cruiser Admiral Scheer was sinking Allied merchant shipping in the Indian Ocean.[2]
After repairs at Surabaya K X returned to service on 8 December 1941 for local defense duties following the start of the war with Japan. On 25 December 1941 K X sailed to the Celebes Sea following the Japanese invasion of the Philippines.[2]
On 8 January 1942 K X arrived at Tarakan in Borneo for repairs, just days before the Japanese invasion. K X slipped out of port on 10 January and after dark observed a large fleet of Japanese ships at anchor off the coast. While attempting to position herself for a torpedo attack the submarine was spotted by a enemy destroyer and was forced to submerge. Short on battery power and with faulty steering gear and only one diesel engine operating the submarine returned to Surabaya for repairs.[2]
K X returned to duty on 24 February to patrol off Surabaya. During the Japanese invasion of Java she was damaged by depth charges and forced to returned to port. On 2 March 1942 K X was scuttled at Surabaya to avoid being captured by the Japanese. K X was raised by the Japanese during the war and used as a floating oil hulk. Recovered by the Dutch after the war, she was scrapped at Surabaya in 1946.[2]
Crewmen from K X, K IX and K XII were sent back to England to crew the submarine Haai, then under construction as HMS Varne (P66), but their unescorted passenger ship MV Abosso was sunk by the German U-boat U-575 north of the Azores on 29 October 1942,[3] and only four of the 34 Dutch Navy men aboard survived.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "The K VIII submarine class". dutchsubmarines.com. 2012. http://www.dutchsubmarines.com/classes/class_kviii.htm. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "The submarine K X". dutchsubmarines.com. 2012. http://www.dutchsubmarines.com/boats/boat_kx.htm. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
- ↑ Helgason, Guðmundur (2012). "MV Abosso". uboat.net. http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/2319.html. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
- ↑ "Complement of the MV Abosso". lind.org.zw. 2010. http://www.lind.org.zw/ships/dempster_line/abosso/complement_abosso.pdf. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
External links
- "Allies in Adversity : Australia and the Dutch in the Pacific War". Australian War Memorial. http://www.awm.gov.au/exhibitions/alliesinadversity/australia/submarines.asp.
- "Koninklijke Marine - World War II". globalsecurity.org. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/nl-marine-history-2.htm.
The original article can be found at HNLMS K X and the edit history here.