Military Wiki
Advertisement
Fort San Antonio Abad
  • Kutang San Antonio Abad (Filipino)
  • Fuerte de San Antonio Abad (Spanish)
Fort of San Antonio Abad - back entrance 2
Fort of San Antonio Abad - back entrance 2
Fort San Antonio Abad is located in Metro Manila<div style="position: absolute; top: Expression error: Missing operand for *.%; left: -49346.9%; height: 0; width: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0;">
Red pog
Location in Metro Manila
Former names La Polvorista
Fuerte de Polverina
Alternative names Fort Malate
Fort San Antonio
General information
Status Restored
Type Fortification
Architectural style Triangular bastioned fort
Location Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) Complex
Address Roxas Boulevard
Town or city Manila
Country Philippines
Coordinates 14°33′45.5″N 120°59′12.6″E / 14.562639°N 120.986833°E / 14.562639; 120.986833Coordinates: 14°33′45.5″N 120°59′12.6″E / 14.562639°N 120.986833°E / 14.562639; 120.986833
Named for Saint Anthony the Abbot
Completed 1584
Renovated 1970s[1]
Owner Government of the Philippines
Technical details
Structural system Masonry
Designations Historical Structure marker from the National Historical Commission of the Philippines

Fort San Antonio Abad (Spanish language: Fuerte de San Antonio Abad [2]), also known as Fort Malate or Fort San Antonio, is a fortification located in the Malate district of Manila, Philippines, completed in 1584 during the Spanish colonial period.

History[]

Named in honour of its patron saint, Saint Anthony the Abbot, the structure was originally built in 1584 in what was then a separate hamlet of Malate to serve as a rear protection for the Manila as well as to guard the Manila–Cavite route.

The Spanish used the fort as a polvorista ("little fortress") or gunpowder magazine.[3] The fort, known as Fuerte de Polverina, was captured by the British when they invaded Manila in 1762 during the Seven Years' War. They transformed the fort into a garrison from where the British forces launched their land offensive against the Spaniards defending Intramuros.[4] The fort was returned to Spanish control upon the end of the British occupation of Manila in 1764 and again became a gunpowder storage facility.[5]

The fort fell into American hands in 1898 during the Battle of Manila. During the Philippine–American War, U.S. military authorities used the prison to carry out multiple executions by hanging. The first American to be executed by U.S. authorities was Harry Cline, an American civilian under the employment of the United States Army.[6] On April 8, 1901, Cline rode out on a bicycle some 3 miles from Parañaque. He saw four small Filipino boys gathering grass. Cline, "with no other apparent motive than natural depravity", proceeded to shoot the boys with a revolver, wounding three and killing the fourth. The boy killed was Agaton Rivera. Cline was tried by an American military court, found guilty of murder and three counts of assault with intent to kill, and sentenced to death by hanging. He was executed on September 20, 1901.[7]

The fort was seized by occupying Imperial Japanese troops during World War II, when it was used as a bunker.

The fort suffered considerable damage after the war, but was not restored until the 1970s. The restored fort is now enclosed within the confines of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) Complex between the Manila Metropolitan Museum and other buildings.[1]

References[]

  1. 1.0 1.1 "Fort San Antonio Abad – Manila". January 26, 2008. http://muog.wordpress.com/2008/01/26/fort-san-antonio-abad-manila/. 
  2. Sonido, Juned (January 31, 2012). "The Other Fort: The Fort of San Antonio Abad". http://baratillo.net/?p=1013. 
  3. Tracy, Nicholas (1995). Manila Ransomed: The British Assault on Manila in the Seven Years War. Exeter: University of Exeter Press. p. 34. 
  4. Grant, James (1873). British Battles on Land and Sea. 2. London: Cassell, Petter & Galpin. pp. 126–130. 
  5. Javellana, Rene (1997). Fortress of Empire: Spanish Colonial Fortifications of the Philippines. Makati: Bookmark. 
  6. "Collapse, 1901 | Critics Rant" (in en-US). 2020-12-06. https://criticsrant.com/collapse-1901/. 
  7. Philippines, United States Congress Senate Committee on the (1902) (in en). Hearings Before the Committee on the Phillipines of the United States Senate in Relation to Affairs in the Philippine Islands [January 31-June 28, 1902]. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 2112–2113. https://books.google.com/books?id=WVQTAAAAIAAJ. 
All or a portion of this article consists of text from Wikipedia, and is therefore Creative Commons Licensed under GFDL.
The original article can be found at Fort San Antonio Abad and the edit history here.
Advertisement