| Fastiv massacre | |
|---|---|
| Part of the Russian civil war | |
| Location | Fastiv |
| Date | September 1919 |
| Deaths | 1,000-1,500 |
| Assailants | White Army |
The Fastiv massacre refers to the annihilation of the Jewish population of the Ukrainian city of Fastov (now Fastiv) in September 1919 by the White Army.
The massacre took place from September 2-8 as White troops from the Volunteer Army, mainly Cossacks,[1] went door to door killing all Jews on sight.[2] Witnesses reported that the majority of victims were killed as they were lined up against the synagogue's walls, and the killers engaged in heavy looting of Jewish properties[3] and the mass rape of women and girls.[4]
Soldiers also mistreated Jewish civilians for fun, including one case where a boy was forced to hang his own father,[5] and in other scenarios forced escapers to walk back into their burning homes.[1] Over 200 Jewish homes were destroyed as the Volunteer Army engaged in a campaign to destroy all Jewish communal organizations in Fastov.[5]
Historian Anna Reid estimates that 1,500 Jews died in the massacre,[1] while Sciences Po estimates a broader range of 1,000-1,500.[2]
References[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Reid, Anna (2015). Borderland: A Journey Through the History of Ukraine. Basic Books. pp. 98-99.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Crimes and Mass Violence of the Russian Civil Wars (1918-1921) | Sciences Po Mass Violence and Resistance - Research Network" (in en). 2016-01-25. https://www.sciencespo.fr/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance/en/document/crimes-and-mass-violence-russian-civil-wars-1918-1921.html.
- ↑ "Jews of Ukraine (1919-1920)". http://www.berdichev.org/jews_of_ukraine_1919_1920.html.
- ↑ Astashkevich, Irina (2018-01-31). Gendered Violence: Jewish Women in the Pogroms of 1917 to 1921. Academic Studies Press. Digital object identifier:10.2307/j.ctv75d7p9.9. ISBN 978-1-61811-907-0. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctv75d7p9.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Shtif, Nokhem (2020-07-08). "III. The Volunteer Army’s Own Style of Pogrom". In Wolfthal, Maurice (in en). The Pogroms in Ukraine, 1918-19 : Prelude to the Holocaust. Open Book Publishers. pp. 40–54. ISBN 979-10-365-4425-5. http://books.openedition.org/obp/11053.
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