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Derek Chauvin

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File:Derek Chauvin mugshot April 2021.webp
Personal details
Born
Derek Michael Chauvin

March 19, 1976(1976-03-19) (age 49)
Oakdale, Minnesota, U.S.
Spouse K. Thao (m. 2010–21)
Education Dakota County Technical College
Alma mater Metropolitan State University (BS)
Military career
Allegiance United States
Service/branch U.S. Army Reserve
Years of service 1996–2004

Derek Michael Chauvin (/ˈʃoʊvən/ SHOH-vən; born March 19, 1976) is an American former police officer who was convicted of the murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Chauvin was a member of the MPD from 2001 to 2020 and graduated from Metropolitan State University in 2006 with a bachelor's degree in law enforcement.

Chauvin had knelt on Floyd's neck for about nine minutes while Floyd was handcuffed and lying face down on the street calling out "I can't breathe" during an arrest made with three other officers on May 25, 2020. He was fired by the Minneapolis Police Department (MPD) on May 26 and was arrested on May 29. The murder set off a series of protests in the Twin Cities and across the rest of the United States, later spreading around the world.

On March 8, 2021, Chauvin was put on trial for second-degree unintentional murder, third-degree murder, and second-degree manslaughter before a jury in the Minnesota Fourth Judicial District Court. On April 20, he was convicted of the charges. On June 25, 2021, he was sentenced to 22 1⁄2 years in prison (minus the 199 days of credit he received for time served), with possibility of supervised release contingent on factors such as good behavior after serving two-thirds of his gross sentence (the sentence before any deductions of time), or 15 years for this second-degree murder conviction.[6][7]

In December 2021, Chauvin pled guilty to federal charges of violating Floyd's civil rights by using unreasonable force and ignoring Floyd's serious medical needs.[8][9] Simultaneously, Chauvin pled guilty to violating a 14-year old's civil rights in 2017 by using unreasonable force.[9]

Early life and education[]

Chauvin was born on March 19, 1976.[10][11] His mother was a housewife and his father was a certified public accountant.[12] When he was seven, his parents divorced and were granted joint custody of him.[12]

Chauvin attended Park High School in Cottage Grove, Minnesota, but did not finish and later obtained a GED certificate.[13] He earned a certificate in quantity food preparation at Dakota County Technical College and worked jobs as a prep cook at McDonald's and a buffet restaurant.[11][14] He served in the United States Army Reserve from 1996 to 2004,[15] including two stints in the military police between 1996 and 2000.[13][16][17] During that time, he also attended Inver Hills Community College from 1995 to 1999[14][15] and later transferred to Metropolitan State University where he graduated with a bachelor's degree in law enforcement in 2006.[13][14][15]

Career[]

Chauvin joined the Minneapolis Police Department (MPD) in 2001.[14][18] While on the force he was involved in three police shootings, one of which was fatal.[18][19][better source needed][20][21] He received a medal for valor in 2006 for being one of several officers who fired on a suspect who pointed a shotgun at them, and another in 2008 for a domestic violence incident in which he broke down a door and shot a suspect who reached for his pistol.[22][23] He received a commendation medal in 2008 after he and his partner tackled a fleeing suspect holding a pistol. In 2009, Chauvin received a commendation medal after working off duty as a security guard for a nightclub.[17]

Misconduct complaints[]

Chauvin had 18 complaints on his official record, two of which ended in discipline, including official letters of reprimand.[24]

On September 4, 2017, Chauvin was among officers responding to a complaint by the mother of two young children. Videos from the scene were said to show Chauvin hitting a 14-year-old black boy in the head with a flashlight so hard he required stitches, then holding him down with his knee for nearly 17 minutes, ignoring the boy's complaints that he could not breathe.[25] Trying to avoid prejudice in the Floyd trial, the judge prohibited the prosecutors from raising the matter.[25]

According to the former owner of El Nuevo Rodeo, a Latin nightclub, Chauvin had worked there off duty as security while George Floyd was also working as security, but was not certain whether they knew each other.[26][27] The owner has been critical of Chauvin since his arrest, describing Chauvin's tactics as "overkill" and saying "Chauvin was unnecessarily aggressive on nights when the club had a black clientele, quelling fights by dousing the crowd with pepper spray and calling in several police squad cars as backup".[17][28]

Prosecution for the murder of George Floyd[]

Main article: Murder of George Floyd

On May 25, 2020, Chauvin was one of four officers involved in arresting George Floyd on suspicion of using a counterfeit $20 bill at a market and was the field training officer for one of the other officers involved.[29] Security camera footage from a nearby business did not show Floyd resisting the arrest.[30][31] The criminal complaint stated that, based on body camera footage, Floyd repeatedly said he could not breathe while standing outside the police car, resisted getting in the car and fell down;[32] he went to the ground face down. While Floyd was handcuffed and lying face down on the street, Chauvin knelt on Floyd's neck for more than nine minutes.[33][34][35] After Chauvin placed his knee on Floyd's neck, Floyd repeatedly said "I can't breathe", "Mama", and "please".[36][35] For part of the time, two other officers knelt on Floyd's back.[37] During the final two[38] minutes Floyd was motionless and had no pulse.[39] Several bystanders took videos which were widely circulated and broadcast.[36]

Chauvin and the other officers involved were fired the day following the incident.[40] While knee-to-neck restraints are allowed in Minnesota under certain circumstances, Chauvin's use of the technique has been widely criticized by law enforcement experts as excessive.[41][42][43] On June 23, Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo said that Chauvin had been trained in the dangers of positional asphyxiation and characterized Floyd's death as murder.[44]

Arrest and charges[]

File:Derek Chauvin's indictment.pdf Chauvin was arrested on May 29, 2020.[45] Hennepin County Attorney Mike Freeman charged him with third-degree murder, and the lesser included offense of second-degree manslaughter,[10][46][47][48][49][50] making him the first white police officer in Minnesota to be charged in the death of a black civilian.[51][52] Under Minnesota law, third-degree murder is defined as causing another's death without intent to kill, but "evincing a depraved mind, without regard for human life". Second-degree manslaughter also does not imply lethal intent, but that the perpetrator created "an unreasonable risk" of serious harm or death.[53]

On May 31, Minnesota Attorney General Keith Ellison took over the case at the request of Governor Tim Walz. On June 3, Ellison amended the charges against Chauvin to include unintentional second-degree murder under the felony murder doctrine, alleging that Chauvin killed Floyd in the course of committing assault in the third degree;[54][55] Minnesota sentencing guidelines recommend 12 1⁄2 years' imprisonment on conviction of that charge.[56] Bail for Chauvin was set at $1.25 million.[57] Prior to Chauvin's arrest, his attorney and prosecutors had made unsuccessful attempts to negotiate a plea bargain to cover both state and federal charges.[58] Additionally, Ellison also charged the three other officers with aiding and abetting second-degree murder[49][56][59] with bail set to $1 million.[60]

Pre-trial[]

Chauvin was released on conditional bail on October 7, 2020, after posting a bond of $1 million.[61][62][63][64] On October 22, 2020, Hennepin County Judge Peter Cahill dismissed the third-degree murder charge, but also denied Chauvin's motion to dismiss the other, more serious murder charges.[65][66] On November 5, 2020, Judge Cahill ruled that Chauvin and all three of the others charged would be tried together in Hennepin County.[67][68]

However, on January 13, 2021, Judge Cahill reversed his earlier ruling, deciding that Chauvin would be tried separately from the other three officers.[69] On March 11, 2021, Cahill reinstated the third-degree murder charge against Chauvin.[70]

Trial[]

Main article: Trial of Derek Chauvin

Chauvin's trial began on March 8, 2021, at the Hennepin County Government Center.[71] It marked the first time that a judge in Minnesota authorized cameras to show a full criminal trial.[71] On April 20, 2021, a jury, consisting of six white people and six people of color, found Chauvin guilty on three counts: unintentional second-degree murder; third-degree murder; and second-degree manslaughter.[1][2][3] He was the first white Minnesotan police officer to be convicted of murdering a black person. It was only the second time an officer has been convicted of murder in Minnesota, the first being the third-degree murder conviction of Somali-American officer Mohamed Noor in the killing of Justine Damond, a white woman.[72]

Following his conviction, Judge Cahill agreed to accept a prosecution motion to revoke Chauvin's bail and Chauvin was taken back into police custody.[73][74]

Appeal[]

Chauvin appealed his second-degree murder conviction. The Minnesota State Supreme Court denied Chauvin a request for a public defender arguing that his financial state did not prove he was entitled to one. He later hired attorney William Mohrman to represent him.[75]

Imprisonment[]

Following his conviction, Chauvin's bail was revoked and he was remanded into custody by the Hennepin County Sheriff's Office, which transferred him to the Minnesota Department of Corrections.[76][77] He was then booked into the Oak Park Heights prison, where he was previously incarcerated following his 2020 arrest.[77]

Chauvin is held in solitary confinement for 23 hours a day in an isolated wing of the prison, where he is under constant watch "for fears for his safety".[78][79] Chauvin was held at Oak Park Heights until his sentencing hearing on June 25, 2021.[80] On May 12, 2021, Hennepin County District Judge Peter Cahill allowed for the prosecution to seek a greater prison sentence after finding that Chauvin treated Floyd "with particular cruelty".[81]

On June 3, 2021, it was reported that the prosecution was seeking a sentence of 30 years' imprisonment for Chauvin based on the extreme cruelty he exhibited when he murdered Floyd, which opposed any human conscience of society and thus a harsh punishment should be warranted. Chauvin pleaded to not be incarcerated, and instead sought probation for causing the death of Floyd while exceeding his moral duties as an officer.[82] Chauvin was sentenced to 22 1⁄2 years in prison (minus the 199 days of credit he received) in the June 25 hearing on the second-degree murder charge, while the second-degree manslaughter and third-degree murder charges remain not adjudicated.[83]

Civil rights violations case[]

The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) convened a grand jury in February 2021 to investigate whether Chauvin violated Floyd's civil rights as well as another incident in September 2017 when Chauvin restrained a 14-year-old boy for several minutes, using his knee to lean into the boy's back and hitting him with a flashlight several times.

During the restraint, Chauvin ignored the boy's pleas that he could not breathe and the boy briefly lost consciousness. The 2017 incident was deemed inadmissible as evidence in Chauvin's murder trial.[84][85] Following Chauvin's murder conviction, the investigation was still underway, with the DOJ reportedly weighing whether to bring criminal charges against Chauvin for the 2017 incident.[86]

Federal investigators planned to charge Chauvin and the other three officers for federal civil rights violations, and intended to ask the grand jury to indict him for both the 2017 and 2020 incidents.[87] On May 7, 2021, the U.S. Department of Justice officially indicted Chauvin, alongside his 3 co-officers, for constitutional civil rights violations described in (18 U.S.C. § 242) for their involvement in the murder of George Floyd.[88][89] These indictments caused the state court trial for the three other officers to be pushed back to start on March 7, 2022, from August 23, 2021.[90] Chauvin, also on May 7, 2021, was also indicted by the same grand jury for violating the civil rights of the 14-year-old boy he arrested in the aforementioned September 2017 incident.[89] The federal charges will be prosecuted by DOJ attorneys in Minnesota and Washington, D.C.

On September 16, 2021, Chauvin pleaded not-guilty to the charges related to the 2017 incident indictment.[91]

Guilty plea[]

In December 2021, Chauvin requested a hearing to offer a revised plea to the federal charges.[92] He pled guilty on December 15, 2021, to federal charges of violating the rights of Floyd, and violating the rights of the 14-year old in the 2017 incident.[8]

Chauvin admitted willfully violating Floyd's constitutional right to be free from unreasonable seizure, including the right to be free from unreasonable force by a police officer.[8] Chauvin also admitted willfully violating Floyd's constitutional right not to be deprived of liberty without due process of law, including the right to be free from a police officer's deliberate indifference to Floyd's serious medical needs.[9]

For the 2017 case incident, in which Chauvin had grabbed a 14-year old by the throat, hit the 14-year old in the head with a flashlight, and kneeled on the 14-year old's neck and upper back despite the 14-year old being prone, handcuffed and not resisting, Chauvin admitted violating the 14-year old's constitutional right to be free from unreasonable force by a police officer.[8][9]

Sentencing has not been determined.[8] According to the Wall Street Journal, a plea deal was reached whereas federal prosecutors would request a 300-month sentence, to be served concurrently with the State of Minnesota sentence, instead of the maximum life in prison.[93]

Tax evasion case[]

Charges[]

On July 22, 2020, after the murder charges were brought against him, Chauvin and his then-wife were separately charged in Washington County, Minnesota, on nine felony counts of tax evasion[94][95] related to allegedly fraudulent state income tax returns from 2014 to 2019.[96] Prosecutors state the couple under-reported their joint income by $464,433, including more than $95,000 from Chauvin's off-duty security work.[95][97] The complaint also alleges failure to pay proper sales tax on a $100,000 BMW purchased in Minnesota in 2018, failure to declare income from Chauvin's wife's business, and improper deductions on a rental home.[95][98]

Trial[]

Chauvin's first appearance in Washington County District Court for his tax evasion case (case number 82-CR-20-2813) occurred on September 8, 2021. As of November 30, 2021, the next hearing is a pre-trial hearing scheduled for January 21, 2022, and there is no date scheduled for the start date of the trial.[99][100]

Ramsey County Jail discrimination complaint[]

Following his arrest on May 29, Chauvin was booked and processed at the Ramsey County Jail. In June 2020, eight correctional officers who work at the jail filed a discrimination complaint against their supervisors with the Minnesota Department of Human Rights. They alleged that during Chauvin's brief stay before his transfer to a state prison, non-white guards were not allowed to work on the fifth floor where Chauvin was being held. The complaint also alleged that a guard had witnessed a white lieutenant sit on Chauvin's bed and that she permitted Chauvin to use her cellphone. Responding to the complaint, the Minnesota Department of Human Rights said that it was opening an investigation to determine whether discrimination took place.[101]

Following a complaint that their charge never gained traction, in February 2021 the Star Tribune reported that the group pursued legal action and filed discrimination charges with the state Department of Human Rights. Their attorney said that his clients sued to hold Superintendent Steve Lydon and Ramsey County "responsible for the discrimination that occurred under their watch." The suit alleges the officers were informed that they would be reassigned because of Chauvin's arrival. One of the plaintiffs said that while he regularly processed and booked high-profile inmates, he was in the middle of patting down Chauvin when the superintendent told him to stop and replaced him with a white officer. The attorney for the group said that they felt "deeply humiliated and distressed" due to the discrimination they had experienced. The suit also says two other officers saw security camera footage that showed that a white female lieutenant "was granted special access" wherein she sat on Chauvin's bed and patted his back "while appearing to comfort him" and let Chauvin use a cellphone. In a statement provided to the Star Tribune by the sheriff's office, Lydon said he "was trying to 'protect and support' minority employees by shielding them from Chauvin."[102]

Personal life[]

DEREK CHAUVIN-TWO PANEL

Chauvin's ex-wife, a real estate agent and photographer,[98] is a Hmong refugee from Laos who won in a "Mrs. Minnesota" beauty pageant in 2018.[103][104][105] She filed for divorce the day before he was arrested for Floyd's murder,[94][106][107] and the divorce was finalized in February 2021.[108] The couple did not have any children together.[109]

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 McCaskill, Nolan D.; Forgey, Quint (April 20, 2021). "Derek Chauvin convicted of murdering George Floyd". https://www.politico.com/news/2021/04/20/derek-chauvin-trial-verdict-george-floyd-483535. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Xiong, Chao; Walsh, Paul; Olson, Rochelle (April 20, 2021). "Derek Chauvin convicted of murder, manslaughter in death of George Floyd". https://www.startribune.com/derek-chauvin-convicted-of-murder-manslaughter-in-death-of-george-floyd/600047825/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Forliti, Amy (April 21, 2021). "EXPLAINER: What next after Chauvin's conviction on 3 counts?". Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/derek-chauvin-trial-charges-716fa235ecf6212f0ee4993110d959df. 
  4. ↑ Forliti, Amy; Karnowski, Steve (June 26, 2021). "Chauvin gets 22 1/2 years in prison for George Floyd's death". Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/derek-chauvin-sentencing-23c52021812168c579b3886f8139c73d. 
  5. ↑ Vera, Amir; Hanna, Jason (April 28, 2021). "Derek Chauvin is in a prison's segregated housing unit for his safety while he awaits sentencing". https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/20/us/derek-chauvin-whats-next/index.html. 
  6. ↑ "Derek Chauvin sentenced to 22.5 years in death of George Floyd". June 25, 2021. https://www.cnn.com/2021/06/25/us/derek-chauvin-sentencing-george-floyd/index.html. 
  7. ↑ WCCO-TV Staff (April 27, 2021). "Derek Chauvin's Sentencing Rescheduled For June 25". CBS Minnesota. https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/04/27/derek-chauvins-sentencing-rescheduled-for-june-25/. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Forliti, Amy (December 15, 2021). "Chauvin pleads guilty to federal charges in Floyd’s death". AP News. https://apnews.com/article/death-of-george-floyd-george-floyd-minneapolis-race-and-ethnicity-st-paul-a8b12b1e3e0fedc1270c659e3428134e. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Hutchinson, Bill (December 16, 2021). "Derek Chauvin pleads guilty to federal charges of violating George Floyd's civil rights". ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/US/derek-chauvin-pleads-guilty-federal-charges-violating-george/story?id=81766309. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Complaint – State of Minnesota v. Derek Michael Chauvin". May 29, 2020. https://www.hennepinattorney.org/-/media/Attorney/Derek-Chauvin-Criminal-Complaint.pdf. "File No. 27-CR-20-12646" 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Barker, Kim; Furber, Matt (June 9, 2020). "Bail Is at Least $1 Million for Ex-Officer Accused of Killing George Floyd: Derek Chauvin is charged with second-degree murder and second-degree manslaughter in Mr. Floyd's death.". https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/08/us/derek-chauvin-court.html. "Mr. Chauvin, who is 44, did not always want to be a police officer." 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Barker, Kim; Kovaleski, Serge F. (July 18, 2020). "Officer Who Pressed His Knee on George Floyd's Neck Drew Scrutiny Long Before". https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/18/us/derek-chauvin-george-floyd.html. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Mark, Michelle (June 10, 2020). "18 complaints in 19 years, and a murder charge: What we know about ex-Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin". https://www.businessinsider.com.au/derek-chauvin-minneapolis-police-background-life-2020-6. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Montemayor, Stephen; Bjorhus, Jennifer; McKinney, Matt (August 8, 2020). "Even to friends, former officer Derek Chauvin was an enigma". https://www.startribune.com/those-who-know-derek-chauvin-say-they-would-not-have-predicted-his-killing-of-george-floyd/572054552/. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Levitz, Jennifer; Ailworth, Erin; Hobbs, Tawnell D. (June 21, 2020). "George Floyd and Derek Chauvin: The Lives of the Victim and His Killer". https://www.wsj.com/articles/george-floyd-and-derek-chauvin-the-lives-of-the-victim-and-his-killer-11592761495. "He also served in the Army Reserve as a military police officer from 1996 to 2004." 
  16. ↑ "George Floyd: What we know about the officers charged over his death". BBC News. June 8, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52969205. "Prior to his career in the police, Mr Chauvin served two stints in the US Army. He was a member of the military police from September 1996 to February 1997, and again from September 1999 to May 2000. His other previous jobs include security guard and McDonald's employee." 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 "Cop in Floyd death got medals for valor and drew complaints". June 3, 2020. https://www.mprnews.org/story/2020/06/03/cop-in-floyd-death-got-medals-for-valor-and-drew-complaints. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Mannix, Andy (May 26, 2020). "What we know about Derek Chauvin and Tou Thao, two of the officers caught on tape in the death of George Floyd". Star Tribune. https://www.startribune.com/what-we-know-about-derek-chauvin-and-tou-thao-two-of-the-officers-caught-on-tape-in-the-death-of-george-floyd/570777632/. 
  19. ↑ Scher, Isaac (May 27, 2020). "The police officer who knelt on George Floyd's neck has been involved in shootings and was the subject of 10 different complaints". Insider. https://www.insider.com/derek-chauvin-police-history-shootings-violence-george-floyd-2020-5. 
  20. ↑ Melendez, Pilar (May 28, 2020). "Minneapolis Man: Cop Who Kneeled on George Floyd 'Tried to Kill Me' in 2008". The Daily Beast. https://www.thedailybeast.com/minneapolis-man-alleges-derek-chauvin-tried-to-kill-him-before-he-kneeled-on-george-floyd. 
  21. ↑ "Minneapolis police officer involved in weekend shooting ID'd". Twin Cities Pioneer Press. November 13, 2015. https://www.twincities.com/2008/05/26/minneapolis-police-officer-involved-in-weekend-shooting-idd/. "Chauvin and another officer who responded had to force their way into the apartment. Toles ran from the officers as soon as they got inside, but they caught and tried to subdue him, according to police. In the struggle, Toles grabbed at one of the officer's guns. Chauvin fired at Toles and hit him in the torso." 
  22. ↑ Condon, Bernard; Richmond, Todd; Sisak, Michael R. (June 3, 2020). "What to know about 4 officers charged in George Floyd's death". https://abc11.com/6229951/. 
  23. ↑ Ortiz, Erik; Mendell, Donna (May 28, 2020). "Minneapolis police officer at center of George Floyd's death had history of complaints". NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/minneapolis-police-officer-center-george-floyd-s-death-had-history-n1215691. 
  24. ↑ Ailworth, Erin; Kesling, Ben; Gurman, Sadie; Barrett, Joe (May 28, 2020). "Justice Department Says George Floyd's Death a Priority". https://www.wsj.com/articles/minneapolis-protests-over-george-floyd-death-escalate-and-spread-11590676810. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 After Chauvin's conviction for Floyd murder, DOJ weighs charging him for 2017 incident involving Black teen: Source The judge in Chauvin's murder trial didn't let lawyers bring up the incident, ABC News, Mike Levine, April 23, 2021. Retrieved April 24, 2021.
  26. ↑ Lastra, Ana; Rasmussen, Eric (May 28, 2020). "George Floyd, fired officer overlapped security shifts at south Minneapolis club". KSTP.com/ABC 5 Eyewitness News. Minneapolis, Minnesota. https://kstp.com/news/george-floyd-fired-officer-overlapped-security-shifts-at-south-minneapolis-club-may-28-2020/5743990/. 
  27. ↑ "The Latest: Attorneys seek outside probe of Floyd's death". May 29, 2020. https://apnews.com/af48a809881976ddd3bf6dbb225eb538. 
  28. ↑ Condon, Bernard (May 29, 2020). "Charged Minn. cop used 'overkill' tactics as nightclub guard". Associated Press. https://apnews.com/69beaad97dcea2dce6c2184e0f5b5e4e. 
  29. ↑ Barker, Kim (June 27, 2020). "The Black Officer Who Detained George Floyd Had Pledged to Fix the Police". https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/27/us/minneapolis-police-officer-kueng.html. 
  30. ↑ Quinlivan, Mark (May 29, 2020). "George Floyd death: Newly emerged surveillance footage shows no evidence of resistance". Newshub. https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/world/2020/05/george-floyd-death-newly-emerged-surveillance-footage-shows-no-evidence-of-resistance.html. 
  31. ↑ Andone, Dakin (May 28, 2020). "Surveillance video does not support police claims that George Floyd resisted arrest". CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/28/us/video-george-floyd-contradict-resist-trnd/index.html. 
  32. ↑ Andrew, Scottie (June 2, 2020). "Derek Chauvin's wife requests to change her last name in divorce filing". CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/06/02/us/kellie-chauvin-divorce-derek-chauvin-trnd/index.html. 
  33. ↑ Bogel-Burroughs, Nicholas (April 10, 2021). "Prosecutors Say Derek Chauvin Knelt on George Floyd for 9 minutes 29 seconds". https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/30/us/derek-chauvin-george-floyd-kneel-9-minutes-29-seconds.html. 
  34. ↑ "Prosecutors: Derek Chauvin Had Knee On George Floyd For 7:46, Not 8:46". CBS Minnesota. June 17, 2020. https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2020/06/17/prosecutors-derek-chauvin-had-knee-on-george-floyd-for-746-not-846/. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Vera, Amir (June 2, 2020). "Independent autopsy and Minnesota officials say George Floyd's death was homicide". CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/06/01/us/george-floyd-independent-autopsy/index.html. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Hauser, Christine (May 26, 2020). "F.B.I. to Investigate Arrest of Black Man Who Died After Being Pinned by Officer". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/26/us/minneapolis-police-man-died.html. 
  37. ↑ Murphy, Paul P. (June 3, 2020). "New video appears to show three police officers kneeling on George Floyd". CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/29/us/george-floyd-new-video-officers-kneel-trnd/index.html. 
  38. ↑ "Prosecutors: Officer had knee on Floyd for 7:46, 1-minute error not expected to impact criminal case" (in en). June 18, 2020. https://kstp.com/news/prosecutors-officer-had-knee-on-floyd-for-746-1-minute-error-not-expected-to-impact-criminal-case/5763703/. 
  39. ↑ Thorbecke, Catherine (May 29, 2020). "Derek Chauvin had his knee on George Floyd's neck for nearly 9 minutes, complaint says". ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/US/derek-chauvin-knee-george-floyds-neck-minutes-complaint/story?id=70961042. 
  40. ↑ Andrew, Scottie (June 1, 2020). "Derek Chauvin: What we know about the former officer charged in George Floyd's death". CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/06/01/us/derek-chauvin-what-we-know-trnd/index.html. 
  41. ↑ Hauck, Grace; Wagner, Dennis (May 29, 2020). "George Floyd death: Experts say knee-to-neck restraint is dangerous, but Minneapolis allows it". Mclean, Virginia: Gannett. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/05/29/george-floyd-experts-say-neck-restraint-allowed-minneapolis-can-kill/5274334002/. 
  42. ↑ Andrew, Scottie (May 29, 2020). "The move used to restrain George Floyd is discouraged by most police. Here's why". https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/28/us/george-floyd-knee-to-neck-excessive-force-trnd/index.html. 
  43. ↑ McCarthy, Bill (May 29, 2020). "The death of George Floyd: What you need to know". https://www.politifact.com/article/2020/may/29/death-george-floyd-what-you-need-know/. 
  44. ↑ Forliti, Amy (June 23, 2020). "Minneapolis police chief says Floyd's death was 'murder'". Twin Cities, Minnesota: Media NewsGroup Inc.. https://www.twincities.com/2020/06/23/minneapolis-police-chief-says-floyds-death-was-murder/. 
  45. ↑ Madani, Doha; Li, David K.; Winter, Tom (May 29, 2020). "Ex-officer who knelt on George Floyd's neck charged with murder". NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/minneapolis-police-officers-derek-chauvin-arrested-george-floyd-case-n1216011. 
  46. ↑ "6th juror selected in Chauvin trial, 3rd-degree murder charge reinstated" (in en). FOX9. March 11, 2021. https://www.fox9.com/news/derek-chauvin-trial-live-day4. 
  47. ↑ "Minnesota Supreme Court won't hear 3rd-degree murder charge appeal in Chauvin case" (in en). Fox9. March 10, 2021. https://www.fox9.com/news/minnesota-supreme-court-wont-hear-3rd-degree-charge-appeal-in-chauvin-case. 
  48. ↑ "Fired Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin, who knelt on George Floyd's neck, arrested". Boston Globe. May 29, 2020. https://www.boston.com/news/national-news-2/2020/05/29/minneapolis-police-officer-derek-chauvin-arrested-george-floyd. 
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 Madani, Doha (June 3, 2020). "3 more Minneapolis officers charged in George Floyd death, Derek Chauvin charges elevated". NBC News. NBC. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/3-more-minneapolis-officers-charged-george-floyd-death-derek-chauvin-n1222796. 
  50. ↑ Torres, Ella; Mansell, William; Pereira, Ivan (May 29, 2020). "Minnesota protest live updates: Derek Chauvin charged with murder in connection with George Floyd's death". ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/US/dangerous-protests-erupt-overnight-george-floyds-death-minneapolis/story?id=70924047. 
  51. ↑ Kim, Catherine (May 31, 2020). "What we know about the officers involved in George Floyd's death". https://www.vox.com/2020/5/31/21276049/derek-chauvin-tou-thao-kueng-lane-officers-george-floyd-what-we-know. 
  52. ↑ Xiong, Chao; Walsh, Paul (May 30, 2020). "Ex-police officer Derek Chauvin charged with murder, manslaughter in George Floyd death". Star Tribune. https://www.startribune.com/protests-build-anew-after-fired-officer-charged-jailed/570869672/. 
  53. ↑ "What charges are former officer Derek Chauvin facing in the death of George Floyd?". May 30, 2020. https://www.fox9.com/news/what-charges-is-former-officer-derek-chauvin-facing-in-the-death-of-george-floyd. 
  54. ↑ Romero, Dennis (June 4, 2020). "Experts say upgraded charge against officer in George Floyd's death fits". https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/experts-say-upgraded-charge-against-officer-george-floyd-s-death-n1218856. 
  55. ↑ "Amended Complaint – State of Minnesota v. Derek Michael Chauvin". June 3, 2020. http://mncourts.gov/mncourtsgov/media/High-Profile-Cases/27-CR-20-12646/AmendedComplaint06032020.pdf. "File No. 27-CR-20-12646" 
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "George Floyd Death: Derek Chauvin's Now Faces 2nd-Degree Unintentional Murder; 3 Other Officers Charged". June 3, 2020. https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2020/06/03/george-floyd-death-derek-chauvins-murder-charge-upgraded-to-2nd-degree-unintentional-murder-3-other-officers-charged/. 
  57. ↑ "$1.25M bail set for Derek Chauvin at his initial appearance Monday in George Floyd's death". https://www.startribune.com/1-25m-bail-set-for-chauvin-in-floyd-death/571099132/. 
  58. ↑ Lyden, Tom (June 9, 2020). "Ex-Minneapolis police officer Chauvin was in talks to plead guilty before arrest". https://www.fox9.com/news/ex-minneapolis-police-officer-chauvin-was-in-talks-to-plead-guilty-before-arrest. 
  59. ↑ Montemayor, Stephen; Xiong, Chao (June 3, 2020). "Attorney General Keith Ellison to elevate charges against officer who knelt on George Floyd's neck; also charging other 3 involved". Minnesota Star-Tribune. https://www.startribune.com/ellison-will-charge-chauvin-with-2nd-degree-others-to-be-charged/570984872/. 
  60. ↑ Xiong, Chao (June 5, 2020). "Two ex-Minneapolis police officers charged in George Floyd's death cast blame on more senior colleague". Star Tribune. https://www.startribune.com/two-fired-minneapolis-police-officers-charged-in-george-floyd-death-cast-blame-on-derek-chauvin/571009922/. 
  61. ↑ Johnson, Allie (November 5, 2020). "Judge orders 1 trial for 4 officers charged in George Floyd's death". Fox 9 News. https://www.fox9.com/news/judge-orders-1-trial-for-4-officers-charged-in-george-floyds-death. 
  62. ↑ "Court: Derek Chauvin's Trial Set For March Will Be Held In Person – WCCO". February 3, 2021. https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/02/03/court-derek-chauvins-trial-set-for-march-will-be-held-in-person/. 
  63. ↑ "Former MPD Officer Derek Chauvin, Charged In George Floyd's Death, Released From Custody". WCCO. October 7, 2020. https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2020/10/07/former-mpd-officer-derek-chauvin-charged-in-george-floyds-death-expected-to-post-bail-source-says/. 
  64. ↑ "Derek Chauvin released from jail on $1 million bond". Fox 9. October 7, 2020. https://www.fox9.com/news/derek-chauvin-released-from-jail-on-1-million-bond. 
  65. ↑ Andone, Dakin; Jimenez, Omar; Parks, Brad; Jones, Kay (October 22, 2020). "Judge drops third-degree murder charge against former officer Derek Chauvin in George Floyd's death, but second-degree murder charge remains". CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/22/us/derek-chauvin-george-floyd-charge-dropped/index.html. 
  66. ↑ Bailey, Holly (October 22, 2020). "Judge dismisses third-degree murder charge against officer in George Floyd's death; upholds more serious charge". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/judge-dismisses-third-degree-murder-charge-against-officer-in-george-floyds-death-upholds-more-serious-charge/2020/10/22/3f3a1cce-1490-11eb-ad6f-36c93e6e94fb_story.html. 
  67. ↑ Ray Sanchez, Gregory Lemos and Brad Parks. "Judge orders one trial for four ex-cops charged in George Floyd's killing, keeps case in Minneapolis". https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/05/us/george-floyd-officers-trial/index.html. 
  68. ↑ Monserud, Andy (November 5, 2020). "Four Cops Charged in Floyd Death to Be Tried Together". Courthouse News Service. https://www.courthousenews.com/four-cops-charged-in-floyd-death-to-be-tried-together/. 
  69. ↑ Li, David K. (January 13, 2021). "Derek Chauvin to be tried separately in George Floyd death case" (in en). https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/former-minneapolis-police-officer-derek-chauvin-be-tried-separately-george-n1253905. 
  70. ↑ Parks, Brad; Cooper, Aaron; Levenson, Eric (March 12, 2021). "Judge reinstates third-degree murder charge against Derek Chauvin in George Floyd's death". CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/11/us/derek-chauvin-george-floyd-charges/index.html. 
  71. ↑ 71.0 71.1 Bailey, Holly (March 7, 2021). "Chauvin murder trial: What to know as the first officer is tried in George Floyd's death" (in en). The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/03/07/derek-chauvin-trial-george-floyd/. 
  72. ↑ Haavik, Emily (April 20, 2021). "Derek Chauvin found guilty of murder, manslaughter in death of George Floyd". https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/george-floyd/derek-chauvin-guilty-murder-manslaughter-george-floyd-death/89-aa32108a-288e-4c62-af7d-e42d98589c7e. 
  73. ↑ "Derek Chauvin handcuffed after judge revokes bail following guilty verdict". Fox 9 News. April 20, 2021. https://www.fox9.com/video/924031. Retrieved April 20, 2021. 
  74. ↑ Folley, Aris (April 20, 2021). "Chauvin taken into custody, bail revoked after jury finds him guilty of all charges in trial". The Hill. https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/549328-chauvin-taken-into-custody-bail-revoked-after-jury-finds-him-guilty-of. Retrieved April 20, 2021. 
  75. ↑ "Derek Chauvin Hires Lawyer for Appeal". October 18, 2021. https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/10/18/derek-chauvin-hires-lawyer-for-appeal/. 
  76. ↑ Niemietz, Brian (April 20, 2021). "'Bail revoked' for convicted killer Derek Chauvin trends on Twitter". https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/ny-derek-chauvin-bail-revoked-20210420-y47mjtcvrbccxb4wuabbbcc7ii-story.html. 
  77. ↑ 77.0 77.1 Xiong, Chao; Walsh, Paul; Olson, Rochelle (April 20, 2021). "Derek Chauvin cuffed after murder, manslaughter convictions in death of George Floyd". https://www.startribune.com/derek-chauvin-cuffed-after-murder-manslaughter-convictions-in-death-of-george-floyd/600047825/. 
  78. ↑ McEvoy, Jemima (April 21, 2021). "Derek Chauvin Being Kept In Solitary Confinement At Maximum-Security Prison". https://www.forbes.com/sites/jemimamcevoy/2021/04/21/derek-chauvin-being-kept-in-solitary-confinement-at-maximum-security-prison. 
  79. ↑ Bogel-Burrhoughs, Nicholas; Arango, Tim (April 21, 2021). "Derek Chauvin is being held in solitary confinement for 23 hours a day.". https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/21/us/derek-chauvin-solitary-confinement.html. 
  80. ↑ Stieb, Matt (April 21, 2021). "Derek Chauvin Held in 23-Hour Solitary Confinement As He Awaits Sentencing". https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/04/derek-chauvin-held-in-23-hour-solitary-awaiting-sentencing.html. 
  81. ↑ Walsh, Paul (May 12, 2021). "Judge's ruling echoes prosecution's points, setting stage for Chauvin getting longer sentence". https://www.startribune.com/judge-s-ruling-echoes-prosecution-s-points-setting-stage-for-chauvin-getting-longer-sentence/600056317/. Retrieved May 12, 2021. 
  82. ↑ "Chauvin seeks probation for Floyd death, state wants 30 years". June 3, 2021. https://www.straitstimes.com/world/united-states/chauvin-seeks-probation-for-floyd-death-state-wants-30-years. 
  83. ↑ Arango, Tim (June 25, 2021). "Derek Chauvin receives 22 and a half years for murder of George Floyd.". ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/25/us/derek-chauvin-22-and-a-half-years-george-floyd.html. 
  84. ↑ Mannix, Andy; Jany, Libor (February 24, 2021). "Federal prosecutors convene grand jury for civil rights investigation into ex-Minneapolis officer Derek Chauvin". Star Tribune. https://www.startribune.com/federal-prosecutors-convene-grand-jury-for-civil-investigation-into-ex-minneapolis-officer-derek-cha/600026569/. 
  85. ↑ Jany, Libor (November 18, 2020). "Seeking to show pattern of excessive force by Chauvin, prosecutors cite incident with 14-year-old boy who couldn't breathe". Star Tribune. https://www.startribune.com/chauvin-prosecutors-cite-incident-with-14-year-old-boy-who-couldn-t-breathe/573105501/. 
  86. ↑ Levine, Mike (April 23, 2021). "After Chauvin's conviction for Floyd murder, DOJ weighs charging him for 2017 incident involving Black teen: Source" (in en). abcnews.go.com. https://abcnews.go.com/US/chauvins-conviction-floyd-murder-doj-weighs-charging-2017/story?id=77254006. 
  87. ↑ Jimenez, Omar; Schneider, Jessica; Andone, Dakin (April 29, 2021). "DOJ to seek indictment of Derek Chauvin and three other ex-Minneapolis police officers, reports say". https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/29/us/derek-chauvin-minneapolis-officers-federal-indictment/index.html. 
  88. ↑ Department of Justice Office of Public Affairs (May 7, 2021). "Four Former Minneapolis Police Officers Indicted on Federal Civil Rights Charges for Death of George Floyd; Derek Chauvin Also Charged in Separate Indictment for Violating Civil Rights of a Juvenile". Washington, D.C.. https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/four-former-minneapolis-police-officers-indicted-federal-civil-rights-charges-death-george. 
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 Vallejo, Justin (May 7, 2021). "George Floyd: Derek Chauvin and three ex-officers indicted on federal civil rights charges". New York. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/chauvin-george-floyd-civil-rights-b1843850.html. 
  90. ↑ "Trial postponed to March 2022 for ex-officers charged with aiding and abetting murder in George Floyd death". https://www.startribune.com/state-trial-postponed-to-march-2022-for-ex-officers-charged-with-aiding-and-abetting-murder-in-georg/600056791/. 
  91. ↑ Savage, Niara (September 17, 2021). "Derek Chauvin Pleads Not Guilty to Indictment Alleging He Used Similar Restraint as One Used on George Floyd on Black Teen in 2017". https://atlantablackstar.com/2021/09/17/derek-chauvin-pleads-not-guilty-to-indictment-alleging-he-used-similar-restraint-as-one-used-on-george-floyd-on-black-teen-in-2017/. 
  92. ↑ Mannix, Andy (2021-12-13). "Derek Chauvin to change plea in federal civil rights case". Star Tribune. https://www.startribune.com/derek-chauvin-to-change-plea-in-federal-civil-rights-case/600126689/. 
  93. ↑ Lemay, Madeline (2021-12-15). "Derek Chauvin Pleads Guilty in Federal Court to Violating George Floyd’s Civil Rights". The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/derek-chauvin-pleads-guilty-to-violating-george-floyds-civil-rights-11639586275?mod=hp_lead_pos6. 
  94. ↑ 94.0 94.1 "Floyd murder suspect charged with tax crimes" (in en-GB). BBC News. July 23, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-53508640. 
  95. ↑ 95.0 95.1 95.2 "Complaint: State v. Chauvin CR-2020-1116" (in en). https://minnlawyer.com/files/2020/07/Chauvin-Complaint.pdf. 
  96. ↑ Wright, Will (July 22, 2020). "Derek Chauvin Charged With Multiple Tax-Related Felonies in Minnesota" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/22/us/derek-chauvin-tax-fraud.html. 
  97. ↑ Neuman, Scott (July 23, 2020). "Former Minnesota Police Officer Derek Chauvin Charged With Tax Evasion" (in en). https://www.npr.org/sections/live-updates-protests-for-racial-justice/2020/07/23/894535746/former-minnesota-police-officer-derek-chauvin-charged-with-tax-evasion. 
  98. ↑ 98.0 98.1 Forliti, Amy (July 22, 2020). "Ex-cop charged in Floyd's death faces 9 tax evasion counts". Associated Press. https://apnews.com/56bea6e3d1ea1aaeba129522df43294f. 
  99. ↑ Lick, Val (June 30, 2021). "Derek Chauvin's tax evasion hearing postponed". https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/derek-chauvins-tax-fraud-hearing-postponed-minnesota/89-14028701-412f-4c31-bf7a-ad42fe0491c4. 
  100. ↑ Olson, Rochelle (January 18, 2021). "Tax evasion case against Derek Chauvin and his estranged wife pushed out until after his murder trial" (in en). https://www.startribune.com/tax-evasion-case-against-derek-chauvin-and-his-estranged-wife-pushed-out-until-after-his-murder-tria/600011183/. 
  101. ↑ Collins, Jon (June 23, 2020). "Correctional Officers File Racial Discrimination Charges Over Guarding Derek Chauvin" (in en). https://www.npr.org/2020/06/23/881880233/correctional-officers-file-racial-discrimination-charges-over-guarding-derek-cha. 
  102. ↑ Burke, Minyvonne. "Minority jail officers were barred from guarding Derek Chauvin, suspect in death of George Floyd, lawsuit alleges". https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/minority-officers-were-banned-guarding-derek-chauvin-jail-lawsuit-alleges-n1257176. 
  103. ↑ Zoellner, Danielle (April 21, 2021). "Who is Derek Chauvin's ex-wife, who filed for divorce after George Floyd's death?". https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/derek-chauvin-ex-wife-divorce-b1834579.html. "Mrs Chauvin sparked media attention after she competed and won the Mrs Minnesota beauty pageant in 2018, making her the first Hmong woman to hold the title." 
  104. ↑ "Refugee once shamed for her looks vying to be the first Hmong Mrs. Minnesota" (in en-US). June 2, 2018. https://www.twincities.com/2018/06/02/refugee-who-was-shamed-for-her-looks-as-a-child-is-vying-to-be-the-first-hmong-mrs-minnesota/. 
  105. ↑ "False claim targets wife of police officer Derek Chauvin charged in George Floyd's death". The Mercury News. June 1, 2020. https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/06/01/false-claim-targets-wife-of-officer-charged-in-floyds-death/. 
  106. ↑ "Former Minneapolis cop Derek Chauvin's wife requests to change her last name in divorce filing". The Mercury News. June 2, 2020. https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/06/02/former-minneapolis-cop-derek-chauvins-wife-requests-to-change-her-last-name-in-divorce-filing/. 
  107. ↑ Belcamino, Kristi (May 29, 2020). "Derek Chauvin's wife filing for divorce, report says". Twin Cities. https://www.twincities.com/2020/05/29/derek-chauvins-wife-filing-for-divorce-report-says/. 
  108. ↑ "Former MPD Officer Derek Chauvin's Divorce Finalized". CBS Minnesota. February 4, 2021. https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/02/04/former-mpd-officer-derek-chauvins-divorce-finalized/. 
  109. ↑ "Who is Derek Chauvin's ex-wife, who filed for divorce after George Floyd's death?" (in en-US). https://money.yahoo.com/derek-chauvin-ex-wife-filed-194923076.html. 

Further reading[]

External links[]

  • Minnesota v. Chauvin, no. 27-CR-20-12646 (Minn. Dist. Ct. June 25, 2021) (sentencing memorandum)
  • United States v. Chauvin, no. 21-CR-108 (United States Dist. Ct., Dist. of Minn. December 15, 2021) (plea agreement and sentencing stipulations)
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