Daniel-Marie Chabert de Joncaire de Clausonne | |
|---|---|
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1714 |
| Died |
October Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character "{"., 1771 (aged Error: Need valid year, month, day) Detroit, Province of Quebec |
| Occupation | Army officerIroquois interpreter |
Daniel-Marie Chabert de Joncaire de Clausonne[lower-alpha 1] (c. 1714 – 1771) was a French army officer and interpreter in New France who established Fort du Portage near Niagara Falls and fought in the French and Indian War.
Early life[]
Daniel-Marie Chabert de Joncaire de Clausonne was born to Louis-Thomas Chabert de Joncaire (1670–1739) and Marie-Madeleine Le Gay.[1][2][3] He was baptized on January 6, 1714 in Repentigny, New France.[2] He was the younger brother of Philippe-Thomas Chabert de Joncaire and was often confused for both his father and brother.[2]
Like his brother, Joncaire was sent to live with the Iroquois at a young age.[2] He also lived with the Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Shawnee and later married the Seneca Marguerite-Élisabeth-Ursule Rocbert de La Morandière in Montreal.[2]
Career[]
In 1739 and 1740, Joncaire was a cadet, took part of the force sent to assist Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville's attack on the Chickasaws in the Chickasaw Campaign of 1739, and then served as the interpreter during the negotiations of the subsequent peace treaty.[2]
The Old Stone Chimney, originally part of a barracks at the Fort du Portage, in its new 2015 location near the Niagara River in Niagara Falls, New York.
In 1748, Joncaire was promoted to ensign.[2] In 1748, Daniel-Marie replaced his brother Philippe-Thomas as the principal agent for New France among the Iroquois after Philippe-Thomas's resignation.[2] Joncaire commanded the construction of a new fort, called Fort du Portage or Little Niagara Fort, 1.5 miles above Niagara Falls to intercept furs intended for the British at Fort Oswego.[2][4] In 1750, Joncaire built a small canal above Niagara Falls to power a sawmill.[3] In 1757, Joncaire was promoted to lieutenant.[2]
In 1759, he had Fort du Portage burned down and moved his garrison to reinforce Fort Niagara.[2] On July 25, 1759, Joncaire was one of the officers who signed the surrender at the Battle of Fort Niagara.[2]
Later life[]
The British were relieved when Joncaire left Canada in 1761 due to his influence among the natives.[2] Upon his return, Joncaire was implicated in the Canada Affair during the Seven Years' War and consequently imprisoned in the Bastille.[2] During his trial, his defence was based on records which were destroyed when he burned down Fort du Portage; the court found him guilty of carelessness in his inventories of provisions in 1763 but effectively acquitted him with a warning against future recurrences.[2]
In 1764, Joncaire went to London and unsuccessfully asked the King George III for the land of the former Fort du Portage.[2] He was prevented by Governor James Murray from trading with the native population in Niagara, but was later given permission by William Johnson and Murray's successor, Guy Carleton.[2] He died in Detroit in 1771 and was buried on July 5.[1][2][3]
Notes[]
References[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Zoltvany, Yves F. (1982) [1969]. "Chabert de Joncaire, Louis-Thomas, Sononchiez". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. 2. University of Toronto/Université Laval. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/chabert_de_joncaire_louis_thomas_2F.html.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 Dunn Jr., Walter S. (1979). "Chabert de Joncaire de Clausonne, Daniel-Marie". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. 4. University of Toronto/Université Laval. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/chabert_de_joncaire_de_clausonne_daniel_marie_4E.html.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Eisenstadt, Peter (2005). Encyclopedia of New York State. Syracuse University Press. p. 1110. ISBN 978-0-8156-0808-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=tmHEm5ohoCUC&pg=PA1110.
- ↑ Scheer, Mark (June 8, 2010). "Local Historian Trying to Revive Old Chimney as Tourist Attraction". Niagara Gazette. https://www.niagara-gazette.com/news/local_news/local-historian-trying-to-revive-old-stone-chimney-as-tourism-attraction/article_ee08f947-d95c-56d3-908c-42c19f373cca.html. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
The original article can be found at Daniel-Marie Chabert de Joncaire de Clausonne and the edit history here.