Chorąży

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Chorąży or Khorunzhyi (Polish pronunciation: [xɔˈrɔ̃ʐɨ]; means "Standard-bearer"; Russian and Ukrainian: Хорунжий, transliterated: Khorunzhiy) is a military rank in Poland, Ukraine and some neighboring countries. A chorąży was once a knight who bore a standard — the emblem of an armed troop, a province (województwo), a land (ziemia), a duchy, or the kingdom. This function later evolved into a non-hereditary noble title.

From the end of the 14th century in the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and later in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, there were four "central" Chorąży positions:

Grand Standard-Bearer of the Crown;
Grand Standard-Bearer of Lithuania;
Court Standard-Bearer of the Crown;
Court Standard-Bearer of Lithuania.

At the same time, Chorąży was also an honorary office in a land.

From the 16th century, Chorąży was the title of the military leader of a Cossack community, and later a rank in the Cossack Hosts. The rank, written "хорунжий" (Khorunzhiy) in Russian, was officially recognized in the 1792 Table of Ranks. This Cossack junior officer rank corresponded to the rank of second lieutenant (подпоручик, or podporuchik) of infantry or cornet of cavalry.

In the Republic of Poland in 1919-1922 and from 1963 in the People's Republic of Poland (from 1989, in contemporary Poland), it has been an officer's rank, above sergeant and below second lieutenant. Warrant Officer OR-7, OR-8, OR-9. Between 1944 and 1957, it was the lowest officer's rank.

The suituation in Poland[]

NATO Code	OR-9	OR-8		OR-7
Land Forces
Polish:	Starszy chorąży sztabowy	Starszy chorąży	Chorąży	Młodszy chorąży
Abbreviation	st. chor. szt.	st. chor.	chor.	mł. chor.
English:	Staff-senior-chorąży	Senior-chorąży	Chorąży	Junior-chorąży

NATO Code	OR-9	OR-8		OR-7
Air Forces
Polish	Starszy chorąży sztabowy	Starszy chorąży	Chorąży	Młodszy chorąży
Abbreviation	st. chor. szt.	st. chor.	chor.	mł. chor.
English:	Staff-senior-chorąży	Senior-chorąży	Chorąży	Junior-chorąży

NATO Code	OR-9	OR-8
Navy

Sleeve
Pl:	Starszy chorąży sztabowy marynarki	Starszy chorąży marynarki	Chorąży marynarki	Młodszy chorąży marynarki
Abbreviation	st. chor. szt. mar.	st. chor. mar.	chor. mar.	mł. chor. mar.
Pl:	Staff-senior-chorąży navy	Senior-chorąży navy	Chorąży navy	Junior-chorąży navy

History of ``Warrant Officers`` Corps

Corps warrant officers is the name of the personal body of soldiers in the Polish Army, which existed between 1963–2004, higher than the NCO corps, and lower than the officer. The body was introduced in 1963, expanded in terms of the hierarchy in 1967 and 1996 and again in July 2004 it was abolished as a separate body, while the ranks of soldiers wearing standard-bearers included senior NCOs. At the time of the introduction of this corps, professional soldiers who are its members should hold a secondary education matriculation. Virtually warrant were highly skilled technicians.

Decision of the politicians who are motivated by their conduct a lack of warrant officers in the armies of both NATO and others, warrant officers corps was liquidated, playing him in the NCO corps. Result was a marked change in the ratio between officers and NCOs standard-bearers. This decision is criticized, among others for the fact that according to some stakeholders the possibility of multiple standard-bearer was closed and education skills, because that decision is thought to be the officers responsible for planning and decision-making process, and non-commissioned officers for carrying out orders.

Chorąży

The suituation in Poland[]

See also[]