Chavalit Yongchaiyudh

Chavalit Yongchaiyudh ชวลิต ยงใจยุทธ
22nd Prime Minister of Thailand
In office November 25, 1996 – November 8, 1997
Monarch	Bhumibol Adulyadej
Preceded by	Banharn Silpa-Archa
Succeeded by	Chuan Leekpai
Leader of the Opposition in House of Representatives of Thailand
In office September 2, 1998 – April 30, 2000
Succeeded by	Chuan Leekpai
In office November 26, 1997 – January 12, 1998
Preceded by	Chuan Leekpai
In office May 15, 1992 – June 16, 1992
Succeeded by	Pramarn Adireksarn
Personal details
Born	May 15, 1932(1932-05-15) Nonthaburi Province, Thailand
Nationality	Thai
Political party	Pheu Thai Party (since 2009) People's Power Party (2007-2008) Thai Rak Thai Party (2002-2005) New Aspiration Party (1990-2002)
Spouse(s)	Vipha (Div.) Prasertsri Chan-aporn (Div.) Pankruea Yongchaiyudh
Military service
Service/branch	Royal Thai Army
Rank	General
Commands	Commander-in-Chief (1986-1990)

General Chavalit Yongchaiyudh (Thai ชวลิต ยงใจยุทธ, born May 15, 1932 in Nonthaburi) is a Thai politician and retired general. He was Thailand's 22nd Prime Minister from 1996 to 1997.

Early political career

Chavalit Yongchaiyudh is of Sino-Thai and ethnic Lao descent. From 1986 to 1990, he was Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Army. He was one of the architects of the amnesty program that ended the insurgency of the Communist Party of Thailand. Under his leadership, the army started projects for rural development. These included the Isan Khiew programme in the underdeveloped North Eastern region and the New Hope programme in the conflict-ridden Southern provinces. For these projects he provided big businesses with lucrative contracts, including the leading agrobusiness corporation Charoen Pokphand (CP). Chavalit began his political career in 1988 as Defence Minister, with the rank of Deputy Prime Minister, in the administration of Chatichai Choonhavan. He held that position until 1991. In 1990, he founded his own party, the New Aspiration Party. The party was backed by the CP group and its chairman Dhanin Chearavanont. He then served as Minister of Interior in the cabinet of Chuan Leekpai from 1992 to 1994, and was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence in the government of Banharn Silpa-archa from 1995 to 1996.

Premiership

In late 1996, following the Royal Decree of Parliament Closure a general election was held. On November 16, 1996, Chavalit's New Aspiration Party won the most seats. With the support of five coalition parties - Chart Pattana, Social Action, Thai Citizen, Seri Dhamma and Mass Citizen - Chavalit was appointed by royal decree as the 22nd Prime Minister on November 25, 1996. However, he encountered pressure from many political movements, who finally forced him to resign on November 6, 1997, in the midst to the Asian financial crisis.

On 14 May and 15 May 1997, the Thai baht, which was then pegged to the U.S. dollar, was hit by massive speculative attacks. Prime Minister Chavalit announced he would not devalue the baht, but eventually Chavalit's government could not help but had to devalue the currency's value in July 1997. This sparked the Asian financial crisis, since the Thai government failed to defend the baht against the international speculators. Thailand's booming economy came to a halt amidst massive layoffs in finance, real estate, and construction that resulted in huge numbers of workers returning to their villages in the countryside and 600,000 foreign workers being sent back to their home countries.The baht devalued swiftly and lost more than half of its value. The Thai stock market dropped 75% in 1997. Due to the crisis, in November this year, the premier eventually stepped down.

During the early 1990s, General Chavalit Yongchaiyudh controlled 126 military-run radio stations and two of the country's five television networks. Chavalit agreed to make military stations available for an anti-AIDS campaign. He also agreed to help Meechai Viravaidya spearhead a three-year blitz to halt the spread of the disease.

Return

After holding the position of deputy prime minister in Somchai Wongsawat cabinet in 2008, on October 7, 2008, Chavalit Yongchaiyudh resigned and admitted partial responsibility for violence due to police tear gas clearance of Parliament blockade, causing injuries to 116 protesters, 21, seriously. His resignation letter stated: "Since this action did not achieve what I planned, I want to show my responsibility for this operation." But after dispersal, 5,000 demonstrators returned and also blocked all 4 entries to the parliament building .

On October 2, 2009, Chavalit Yongchaiyudh joined the Pheu Thai Party, which comprises Thaksin Shinawatra's loyalists. He insists he will be a regular member until the party's executives consider a future role for him.

Royal Decorations

• Knight Grand Cordon (Special Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant
• Knight Grand Cordon (Special Class) of The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand
• Knight Grand Cross (First Class) of the Most Admirable Order of the Direkgunabhorn
• Knight Grand Commander (Second Class, higher grade) of the Most Illustrious Order of Chula Chom Klao
• Knight Commander (Second Class) of the Honourable Order of Rama
• The Order of Symbolic Propitiousness Ramkeerati (Special Class) - Boy Scout Citation Medal
• The Victory Medal - Vietnam War
• The Freeman Safeguarding Medal (First Class)
• The Border Service Medal
• Chakra Mala Medal
• King Rama IX Royal Cypher Medal, 4th Class

See also

• New Aspiration Party

External links

• 'Nightmare Alliance' looms: Master-schemer Chavalit, power-hungry Thaksin