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Cantonment

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For other uses, see Cantonment (disambiguation). See also Canton (disambiguation) and Cantonist.

A cantonment (/kænˈtɒnmənt/, /kænˈtoʊnmənt/, or UK /kænˈtuːnmənt/) is a military or police quarters.[1] The word cantonment is derived from the French word canton meaning corner or district, as is the name of the Cantons of Switzerland.[2] In South Asia, the term cantonment also describes permanent military stations.[1] Cantonments can be found in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, South Africa, Singapore, Malaysia, Ghana, Sri Lanka and Nepal. In United States military parlance, a cantonment is an essentially permanent residential (i.e. barracks) section of a fort or other military installation such as Fort Hood.

The term is often abbreviated to "cantt."

Campaigning[]

During a campaign, cantonments are places of encampment formed by troops for a more permanent stay, or while in winter quarters.[1] For example at the start of the Waterloo campaign in 1815, while the Duke of Wellington's headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo-allied army of 93,000 were cantoned to the south of Brussels.[3]

List of permanent cantonments[]

Ghana[]

  • Cantonments, Accra

British India[]

Many cities in the Indian subcontinent, such as Ahmedabad, Belgaum, Mhow, Bangalore, Ambala, Kanpur, Bathinda, Delhi, Pune, Sialkot, Secunderabad, Trichy, Meerut, Ramgarh and Rawalpindi, contained large cantonments of the former British Indian Army, with Meerut and Ramgarh being the most important cantonments in North India after the headquarter at Rawalpindi. Meerut was established in 1803 and was for 150 years the biggest cantonment in the region.[4] While in the 18th and 19th century cantonments in India were viewed as semi-permanent, by the turn of the 20th century they became permanent garrisons, and were further entrenched as such via the military reforms of Lord Kitchener in 1903 and the Cantonments Act of 1924.[5]

Bhutan[]

The Indian Army maintains a training mission in Bhutan, known as the Indian Military Training Team (IMTRAT), responsible for the military training of RBA and RBG personnel. [8] RBA and RBG officers are sent for training at the National Defence Academy (NDA) in Pune, and Indian Military Academy (IMA) in Dehradun. [9] Project DANTAK of the Border Roads Organisation, a sub-division of the Indian Army Corps of Engineers, has been operating in Bhutan since May 1961. Since then Project DANTAK has been responsible for the construction and maintenance of over 1,500 km of roads and bridges, Paro Airport and a disused airfield at Yangphula, heliports, and other infrastructure. [10] While these serve India's strategic defence needs, it is also an obvious economic benefit for the people of Bhutan. [edit]Army aviation The Royal Bhutan Army relies on Eastern Air Command of the Indian Air Force for air assistance. In recent years India has helped Bhutan start to develop its military in all areas through military donations and training. [11] Indian Air Force helicopters evacuated RBA casualties to India for treatment during Operation All Clear in 2003

India[]

India currently has 63 cantonments in 17 different states, not including smaller 'sub-cantonments' in the same regional area. Majority of Indian cantonments are spread across Northern, Northwestern and Northeastern India. The British Army too was positioned for threats from across India's northern frontiers, as when the Great Game was in play in the 19th century. The vast majority of modern Indian Army cantonments date from the British era, though all have been modernized, expanded and reconfigured to suit modern warfare, training requirements and inter-service considerations. A few have, over the decades, also been dissolved and/or combined with other cantonments. Now the Cantonment Act of 2006 has come into force.

The 63 Cantonment Boards are:

  1. Abohar Cantonment
  2. Agartala Cantonment (Tripura state)
  3. Agra Cantonment
  4. Ahmednagar Cantonment
  5. Ahmedabad Cantonment, (Ahmedabad Gujarat)
  6. Ahmednagar Cantonment, (Maharashtra state)
  7. Aizawl Cantonment (Mizoram)
  8. Akhnoor Cantonment
  9. Ajmer Cantonment
  10. Allahabad Cantonment
  11. Almora Cantonment
  12. Alhial Cantonment
  13. Ambala Cantonment
  14. Amritsar Cantonment
  15. Anand Parbat Cantonment (New Delhi)
  16. Aurangabad Cantonment
  17. Babina Cantonment (Jhansi)
  18. Badamibagh Cantonment, Srinagar (Srinagar)
  19. Bangalore Cantonment
  20. Bakloh Cantonment (Chamba)
  21. Bihar Cantonment (Bihar)
  22. Barrackpore Cantonment (Kolkata)
  23. Bareilly Cantonment
  24. Belgaum Cantonment
  25. Bhuj Cantonment (Bhuj Gujarat)
  26. Bhopal Cantonment (Madhya Pradesh)
  27. Chakrata Cantonment (Dehradun)
  28. Chandigarh Cantonment (Chandigarh)
  29. Daman Cantonment (Daman and Diu )
  30. Dagshai Cantonment (Solan)
  31. Dalhousie Cantonment (Chamba)
  32. Danapur Cantonment (Patna)
  33. Dehradun Clement Town Cantonment (Uttarakhand state)
  34. Dehradun New Cantonment (Dehradun)
  35. Dehu Road Cantonment (Pune)
  36. Delhi Cantonment
  37. Deolali Cantonment (Nashik)
  38. Dum Dum Cantonment (Kolkata)
  39. Faridabad Cantonment (Haryana state)
  40. Faizabad Cantonment
  41. Fatehgarh Cantonment[6] (Farrukhabad, Kanpur Division)
  42. Ferozepur Cantonment
  43. Gandhinagar Cantonment (Gandhinagar Capital Gujarat)
  44. Gangtok Cantonment (Sikkim state)
  45. Gopalpur Cantonment (Brahmapur, Orissa)
  46. Guwahati Cantonment (Assam)
  47. Gwalior Cantonment, morar, gwalior
  48. Itanagar Cantonment (Arunachal Pradesh)
  49. Imphal Cantonment (Manipur state)
  50. Jaipur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  51. Jabalpur Cantonment
  52. Jalandhar Cantonment
  53. Jalaphar Cantonment ((Darjeeling))
  54. Jhansi Cantonment
  55. Jodhpur Cantonment
  56. Jutogh Cantonment (Shimla)
  57. Kannur Cantonment
  58. Kamptee Cantonment (Nagpur)
  59. Kanpur Cantonment
  60. Kasauli Cantonment (Solan)
  61. Kavaratti Cantonment (Lakshadweep)
  62. Khadki Cantonment (Pune)
  63. Khasyol Cantonment (Kangra)
  64. Kohima Cantonment (Nagaland)
  65. Landour (Mussoorie) Cantonment (Mussoorie)
  66. Lansdowne Cantonment (Pauri Garhwal)
  67. Lebong Cantonment (Darjeeling)
  68. Ludhiana Cantonment (Punjab state)
  69. Lucknow Cantonment (Uttar Pradesh)
  70. Mathura Cantonment (Uttar Pradesh)
  71. Meerut Cantonment (Uttar Pradesh)
  72. Mhow Cantonment
  73. Mirpur Cantonment (Kanpur)
  74. Morar Cantonment (Gwalior Madhya Pradesh)
  75. Mumbai Cantonment (Maharashtra)
  76. Meghalaya Cantonment (Meghalaya)
  77. Mizoram Cantonment (Mizoram)
  78. Nagrota Cantonment, Jammu (Jammu)
  79. Nainital Cantonment
  80. Nasirabad (Ajmer) Cantonment (Ajmer)
  81. OEF Cantonment (Kanpur)
  82. Panaji Cantonment (Goa)
  83. Pachmarhi Cantonment
  84. Patna Cantonment (Bihar)
  85. Patiala Cantonment
  86. Pune Cantonment (Maharashtra)
  87. Pondicherry Cantonment (Pondicherry)
  88. PortBlair Cantonment (Andaman and Nicobar Islands)
  89. Raipur Cantonment (Chhattisgarh)
  90. Ramgarh Cantonment
  91. Ranchi Cantonment (Jharkhand state)
  92. Ranikhet Cantonment (Almora)
  93. Roorkee Cantonment
  94. Sagar Cantonment
  95. Secunderabad Cantonment (Hyderabad)
  96. Shimla Cantonment (Himachal Pradesh)
  97. Silvassa Cantonment (Dadra and Nagar Haveli )
  98. Shahjahanpur Cantonment
  99. Shillong Cantonment (Meghalaya state)
  100. St.Thomas Mount-cum-Pallavaram Cantonment (Chennai)
  101. Subathu Cantonment (Solan)
  102. Thiruvananthapuram Cantonment (Kerala)
  103. Unnao Cantonment (Kanpur Uttar Pradesh)
  104. Vadodra Cantonment (Vadodra Gujarat)
  105. Varanasi Cantonment (Uttar Pradesh)
  106. Wellington Cantonment (Ootty Tamil nadu)

India Former Cantonments:

  1. Baroda Cantonment (Vadodara Gujarat)
  2. Batinda Cantonment (Batinda Punjab)
  3. Bangalore Cantonment (Banglore Karnataka)
  4. Bombay Cantonment (Mumbai Maharashtra)
  5. Calcutta Cantonment (Kolkata WestBangel)
  6. Chandimandir Cantonment (Panchkula Chandigarh)
  7. Jaipur Cantonment (Jaipur Rajstan)
  8. Junaghad Cantonment (Gujarat state)
  9. Hisar Cantt (Hisar Haryana)
  10. Hyderabad (India) Cantonment (Hyderabad)
  11. Kapurthala Cantonment (Kapurthala Punjab)
  12. Madras cantonment (Chennai Tamilnadu)
  13. Surat cantonment (Surat Gujarat)
  14. Tiruchirappalli Cantonment (Trichy TamilNadu)
  15. Udhampur Cantonment (Udhampur Jamu Kashmir)

Pakistan[]

Main article: Cantonments (Pakistan)
  • Abbottabad Cantonment
  • Attock Cantonment
  • Bannu Cantonment
  • Bhawalpur Cantonment
  • Chaklala Cantonment
  • Clifton Cantonment, Karachi
  • Dera Ismail Khan Cantonment
  • Faisal Cantonment, Karachi
  • Faisalabad Cantonment
  • Gujranwala Cantonment
  • Hyderabad Cantonment
  • Jhelum Cantonment
  • Kamra Cantonment
  • Karachi Cantonment
  • Kharian Cantonment
  • Khuzdar Cantonment[7]
  • Korangi Creek Cantonment, Karachi
  • Lahore Cantonment[5]
  • Walton Cantonment: Created out of the southern parts of the original Lahore Cantt., Walton, Lahore[5]
  • Loralai Cantonment
  • Malir Cantonment, Karachi
  • Mangla Cantonment
  • Manora Cantonment, Karachi
  • Mardan Cantonment
  • Multan Cantonment
  • Murree Cantonment
  • Nowshera Cantonment
  • Okara Cantonment
  • Ormara Cantonment
  • Pano Aqil Cantonment
  • Peshawar Cantonment[8]
  • Quetta Cantonment
  • Rawalpindi Cantonment
  • Sanjwal Cantonment
  • Sargodha Cantonment
  • Shorkot Cantonment (PAF Rafiqui)
  • Sialkot Cantonment
  • Taxila Cantonment
  • Wah Cantonment
  • Zhob Cantonment

Bangladesh[]

Sri Lanka[]

Afghanistan[]

The former Sherpur Cantonment in Kabul, Afghanistan - site of the 1879 Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment in the Second Anglo-Afghan War - is now maintained as a British Military Cemetery.

Singapore[]

In Singapore, the term is used to denote a Police Cantonment.[9]

United States[]

The term "cantonment" is not widely used in the United States other than on military installations.[citation needed]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Oxford English Dictionary cantonment
  2. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary cantonment and canton, v.
  3. ↑ Encyclopaedia Britannica Eleventh Edition Waterloo Campaign
  4. ↑ Bangalore: The Story of a City. East West Books (Madras) Pvt. Ltd
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Sheikh, M. O. Lahore Cantonment http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/momers_termpapers/ss153LahoreCantonment.htm&date=2009-10-26+02:56:58
  6. ↑ http://www.cbfatehgarh.org.in/
  7. ↑ "Military: Khuzdar Cantonment" Global Security
  8. ↑ Sarhad Conservation Network Reports: Book on Peshawar Cantonment Launched
  9. ↑ Singapore Police Force

External links[]

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