Military Wiki
in: Pages containing cite templates with deprecated parameters, Articles using infobox weapon, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia,
and 4 more

Canon de 65 mm Modèle 1891

Sign in to edit
Canon de 65 mm Modèle 1891
Fort de Fermont museum - Canon de 65 MLE 1891
Type Naval gun
Coastal Artillery
Place of origin France
Service history
In service 1891-1945
Used by France
Bulgaria
China
Greece
Ottoman Empire
Peru
Wars World War I
World War II
Production history
Designer Schneider et Cie
Designed 1891
Manufacturer Schneider et Cie
Produced 1891
Specifications
Mass 540 kilograms (1,190 lb)
Length 3.4 meters (11 ft 2 in)
Barrel length 3.2 meters (10 ft 6 in) 50 caliber
Shell Fixed QF
Shell weight 4 kilograms (8 lb 13 oz)
Caliber 65 millimeters (2.6 in)
Breech Wedge breech
Traverse 360°
Muzzle velocity 715 m/s (2,350 ft/s)[1]
Canon de 65 mm Modèle 1902
Service history
In service 1902-1945
Production history
Designer Schneider et Cie
Designed 1902
Manufacturer Schneider et Cie
Produced 1902
Specifications
Mass 594 kilograms (1,310 lb)
Length 3.4 meters (11 ft 2 in)
Barrel length 3.2 meters (10 ft 6 in) 50 caliber
Shell Fixed QF
Shell weight 4.17 kilograms (9 lb 3 oz)
Caliber 65 millimeters (2.6 in)
Breech Wedge breech
Traverse 360°
Muzzle velocity 870 m/s (2,900 ft/s)[2]

The Canon de 65 mm Modèle 1891 & Modèle 1902 were a family of widely used naval guns of the French Navy that were also used by the Ottoman Navy during World War I. Guns removed from decommissioned ships also saw use as coastal artillery and as fortress guns in the Maginot Line fortifications during World War II.[3]

Construction[]

The Canon de 65 mm Modèle 1891 & Modèle 1902 were developed and built by Schneider at the Le Creusot works. The guns were constructed of an A tube, a jacket, a wedge breech block, a locking ring, a trunnion hoop and used fixed quick fire ammunition. The Modèle 1891 & Modèle 1902 had similar dimensions, but the Modèle 1902 fired a slightly heavier projectile at a higher muzzle velocity. Both models are sometimes referred to as 9 pounders in English publications.[1]

History[]

The Canon de 65 mm Modèle 1891 & Modèle 1902 were mainly used as anti-torpedo boat defense aboard armored cruisers, destroyers, ironclads, pre-dreadnought battleships, protected cruisers, seaplane carriers and torpedo gunboats.

Armored Cruisers

  • Amiral Charner-class - The tertiary armament of this class of four armored cruisers consisted of four M1891 guns in single mounts amidships.[4]
  • Dupuy de Lôme - The tertiary armament of this ship consisted of four M1891 guns in single mounts amidships.[5]
  • Edgar Quinet-class - The secondary armament of this class of two armored cruisers consisted of twenty casemated M1902 guns in single mounts amidships.[6]
  • Ernest Renan - The tertiary armament of this class of two armored cruisers consisted of sixteen casemated M1902 guns in single mounts amidships.[7]

Destroyers

  • Arquebuse-class - The primary armament of this class of twenty ships consisted of one M1891 gun.[8]
  • Bisson-class - The secondary armament of this class of six ships consisted of four M1902 guns in single mounts.[9]
  • Bouclier-class - The secondary armament of this class of twelve ships consisted of four M1902 guns in single mounts.[10]
  • Branlebas-class - The primary armament of this class of ten ships consisted of one M1902 gun.[11]
  • Chasseur-class - The primary armament of this class of six ships consisted of six M1902 guns. The destroyer Actée from this class was sold to Peru before completion.[12][13]
  • Claymore-class - The primary armament of this class of thirteen ships consisted of one M1902 gun.[14]
  • Durandal-class - The primary armament of this class of four ships consisted of one M1891 gun. The Ottoman Navy ordered four destroyers in 1906 which they called the Samsun-class which were nearly identical.[15][16]
  • Enseigne Roux-class - The secondary armament of this class of two ships consisted of four M1902 guns.[17]
  • Framée-class - The primary armament of this class of four ships consisted of one M1891 gun.[18]
  • Pertuisane-class - The primary armament of this class of four ships consisted of one M1891 gun.[19]
  • Spahi-class destroyer - The primary armament of this class of seven ships consisted of six M1902 guns.[20]
  • Voltigeur-class - The primary armament of this class of two ships consisted of six M1902 guns.[21]

Ironclads

  • Amiral Duperré - The quaternary armament of this ship consisted of two M1891 guns in single mounts after 1890's refits.[22]
  • Dévastation-class - The quaternary armament of class this ship consisted of two or four M1891 guns in single mounts after 1890's refits.[23]
  • Hoche - The quaternary armament of this ship consisted of four M1891 guns in single mounts after 1890's refits.[24]
  • Hydra-class - The quaternary armament of this class of three Greek ships consisted of eight casemated M1891 guns in single mounts after 1890's refits.[25]
  • Marceau-class - The tertiary armament of this class of three ships consisted of six casemated M1891 guns in single mounts.[26]
  • Redoutable - The tertiary armament of this ship consisted of five M1891 guns in single mounts after 1890's refits.[27]

Pre-dreadnoughts

Protected Cruisers

  • Alger-class cruiser - The tertiary armament of this class of three protected cruisers consisted of two M1891 guns in single mounts.[33]

Seaplane Carriers

  • Foudre - The secondary armament of this ship consisted of four M1891 guns in single mounts.[34]

Torpedo Gunboats

  • Nadezhda - The secondary armament of this ship consisted of two M1891 guns in single mounts.[35]

Notes[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval weapons of World War One : guns, torpedoes, mines and ASW weapons of all nations : an illustrated directory. Seaforth Pub. ISBN 978-1848321007. OCLC 751804655. 
  2. ↑ Campbell, John (1985). Naval weapons of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0870214594. OCLC 13085151. 
  3. ↑ DiGiulian, Tony. "France Miscellaneous 65 mm/50 (2.56") [9-pdr Guns - NavWeaps"] (in en). http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNFR_26-50_m1888.php. 
  4. ↑ "AMIRAL CHARNER armoured cruisers (1894 - 1896) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_cr_amiral_charner.htm. 
  5. ↑ "DUPUY DE LÔME armoured cruiser (1895) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_cr_dupuy_de_lome.htm. 
  6. ↑ "Edgar Quinet armoured cruisers (1911) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_cr_edgar_quinet.htm. 
  7. ↑ "Ernest Renan armoured cruiser (1909) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_cr_ernest_renan.htm. 
  8. ↑ "ARQUEBUSE destroyers (1903 - 1904) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_arquebuse.htm. 
  9. ↑ "Bisson destroyers (1913 - 1914) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_bisson.htm. 
  10. ↑ "Bouclier destroyers (1911 - 1913) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_bouclier.htm. 
  11. ↑ "Branlebas destroyers (1908 - 1910) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_branlebas.htm. 
  12. ↑ "Chasseur destroyers (1909 - 1911) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_chasseur.htm. 
  13. ↑ "Teniente Rodríguez destroyer (1909/1914) - Peruvian Navy (Peru)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/peru/per_dd_teniente_rodriguez.htm. 
  14. ↑ "Claymore destroyers (1906 - 1910) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_claymore.htm. 
  15. ↑ "DURANDAL destroyers (1899 - 1900) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_durandal.htm. 
  16. ↑ "Samsun destroyers (1907) - Ottoman / Turkish Navy (Ottoman Empire / Turkey)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/turkey/tu_dd_samsun.htm. 
  17. ↑ "Enseigne Roux destroyers (1916 - 1923) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_enseigne_roux.htm. 
  18. ↑ "FRAMÉE destroyers (1900 - 1901) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_framee.htm. 
  19. ↑ "Pertuisane destroyers (1902 - 1903) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_pertuisane.htm. 
  20. ↑ "Spahi destroyers (1909 - 1912) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_spahi.htm. 
  21. ↑ "VOLTIGEUR destroyers (1910) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_voltigeur.htm. 
  22. ↑ "AMIRAL DUPERRÉ barbette ship (1883) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_amiral_duperre.htm. 
  23. ↑ "COURBET central battery ships (1882 - 1886) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_courbet82.htm. 
  24. ↑ "HOCHE turret / barbette ship (1890) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_hoche.htm. 
  25. ↑ "Spetsai coastal defence battleships (1891-1892) - Hellenic Navy (Greece)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/greece/gr_bb_spetsai.htm. 
  26. ↑ "MARCEAU barbette ships (1891 - 1893) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_marceau.htm. 
  27. ↑ "REDOUTABLE central battery ship (1878) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_redoutable.htm. 
  28. ↑ "BRENNUS turret battleship (1896) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_brennus.htm. 
  29. ↑ "Charles Martel battleship (1897) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_c_martel.htm. 
  30. ↑ "Carnot battleship (1897) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_carnot.htm. 
  31. ↑ "JAURÉGUIBERRY battleship (1897) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_jaureguiberry.htm. 
  32. ↑ "Liberté battleships (1908) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_bb_liberte.htm. 
  33. ↑ "ALGER protected cruisers (1891 - 1893) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_cr_alger.htm. 
  34. ↑ "FOUDRE torpedo depot ship (1897) - French Navy (France)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_foudre.htm. 
  35. ↑ "NADEZHDA torpedo gunboat (1898)- Bulgarian Navy (Bulgaria)". http://www.navypedia.org/ships/bulgaria/bu_dd_nadezhda.htm. 

References[]

  • Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1848321007. 
  • Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-459-4. 

External links[]

French naval weapons of the First World War
Battleship primary armament
Battleship secondary armament
Cruiser primary armament
Cruiser secondary armament
Destroyer and Aviso Primary armament
Anti-aircraft weapons


All or a portion of this article consists of text from Wikipedia, and is therefore Creative Commons Licensed under GFDL.
The original article can be found at Canon de 65 mm Modèle 1891 and the edit history here.
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.