Krivak-class frigate

Krivak-class frigate
A Burevestnik class frigate in Sevastopol Bay, 2009.
Class overview
Builders:	Zhdanov yard, Leningrad Yantar yard Zaliv plant, Kerch
Operators:	Russian Federation Navy FSB Coast Guard Indian Navy Ukrainian Navy
Preceded by:	Riga class
Subclasses:	Talwar class
Completed:	40 (32 Burevestnik and Burevestnik M plus 8 Nerey)
Cancelled:	1 (Nerey subclass)
Active:	2
General characteristics
Displacement:	3,300 tons standard, 3,575 tons full load
Length:	405.3 ft (123.5 m)
Beam:	46.3 ft (14.1 m)
Draught:	15.1 ft (4.6 m)
Propulsion:	2 shaft; COGAG; 2x M-8k gas-turbines, 40,000 shp; 2x M-62 gas-turbines (cruise), 14,950 shp
Speed:	32 knots (59 km/h)
Range:	4,995 nmi (9,251 km) at 14 knots (26 km/h)
Complement:	200
Sensors and processing systems:	Radar: 1 MR-755 Fregat-M/Half Plate air/surf search Sonar: Zvezda-2 suite with MGK-345 Bronza/Ox Yoke bow mounted LF, Ox Tail LF VDS Fire control: Purga ASW combat system, 2 Drakon/Eye Bowl SSM targeting, 2 MPZ-301 Baza/Pop Group
Electronic warfare & decoys:	Start suite with Bell Shroud intercept, Bell Squat jammer, 4 PK-16 decoy RL, 8 PK-10 decoy RL, 2 towed decoys
Armament:	• 1× 4 URK-5(SS-N-14 'Silex') SSM/ASW missiles • 2× Osa-MA SAM systems SA-N-4'Gecko' SAM (40 missiles) • 4× 76 mm guns (2×2) (Burevestnik M had 2×1 100 mm guns) • 2×RBU-6000 Anti-Submarine rockets • 2×4 533 mm torpedo tubes
Aircraft carried:	Ka-27 on Krivak III only

The Project 1135 Burevestnik (Storm Petrel) class were a series of frigates built for the Soviet Navy. These ships are commonly known by their NATO reporting name of Krivak and are divided into Krivak-I, Krivak-II (both navy), and Krivak-III (coast guard) classes.

These ships were designed as a successor to the Riga class. The design started in the late 1950s and matured as an anti-submarine ship in the 1960s. A total of 40 ships were built, 32 ships for the Soviet Navy (Russian Navy) and 8 modified ships of Nerey (Krivak III) subclass for the KGB Maritime Border Guard. Currently 7 of Nerey subclass are in FSB Coast Guard and one is part of Ukrainian Navy.

The ship's unique features—the bow missile box, the stack and the angled mast, earned it a rap-like nickname among U. S. sailors that comes from their foreign ship silhouette identification training — "Hot dog pack, Smokestack, Guns in Back — Krivak." How many ships remain in active duty is uncertain. According to some sources Russia has four units in service and the Ukrainian Navy one. Russian press listed three units operational in February 2008, one with the Baltic Fleet and two with the Black Sea Fleet (BSF).

The Indian Navy has ordered six frigates of upgraded Project 11356 as the Talwar Class. Three ships were delivered in 2003-2004. Three more are under construction and will be delivered in 2011-2012.

On 12 Oct, 2010, it was announced that the Yantar Yard at Kaliningrad on the Baltic had won a contract to construct three new warships for the Russian Navy. The construction of the frigates for the Russian Navy will be carried out in parallel with the construction of the same-type frigates for the Indian Navy.

Versions

• Project 1135, Burevestnik: Design process started in 1956 as an anti-surface frigate successor to the Riga-class frigate. The role changed to an anti-submarine ship powered by gas turbines and armed with the SS-N-14 missile. The main building yards were Zhdanov Yard, Leningrad, Yantar Yard, Kaliningrad and Kamysh Burun yard, Kerch. NATO referred to these ships as Krivak I class.

• Project 1135 M, Burevestnik M: This group of ships were fitted with single 100mm guns instead of the twin 76mm weapons of the Burevestnik. They also had a redesigned Variable Depth Sonar (VDS) installation. All of these ships were built in Kaliningrad. NATO referred to these ships as Krivak II class.

• Project 1135.1 Nerei (Nereus): These ships lacked the SS-N-14 missile system, which was replaced by a helicopter and hangar, and only one 100 mm gun at the bow of the ship. These ships were built for and operated by the KGB Maritime Border Guard. NATO referred to these ships as Krivak III class.

• Project 1135.2: This was a modernisation of the Burevestnik ships Zharkiy and Leningradski Komsomolets (renamed Legkiy). The refit involved replacing the RBU-6000 anti submarine mortars with SS-N-25 anti-ship missiles, new radar, sonar and ECM equipment. The two ships completed their refits in 1991 and others were to have been modernised but the programme was cancelled with the collapse of the Soviet Union. NATO referred to these ships as Krivak IV class.

• Talwar class: this is an advanced derivative built for the Indian Navy from 1999 to 2012. It could have been called Krivak-IV.

• Admiral Grigorovich class (also known as project 11356 (or 1135.6)): This is expected to be completed in similar configuration as the Talwar class. Three ships are ordered for the Black Sea Fleet, with the first one laid down on December 18, 2010; two or more ships planned. These ships could have been called the Krivak-V class.

The Soviet Burevestnik class frigate Bezzavetny (FFG 811) collides with the USS Yorktown (CG-48) in the 1988 incident.

Vessel list

Burevestnik

• Bditelnyy (Watchful, 1970)
• Bodryy (Brisk, 1971)
• Svirepyy (Fierce, 1971)
• Storozhevoy (Vigilant, 1972), this ship was involved in a mutiny in 1975, which inspired the novel The Hunt for Red October
• Razyashchiy (Striking, 1973)
• Razumnyy (Clever, 1974)
• Druzhnyy (Friendly, 1975) — currently on the Moscow River in northwest Moscow, intended to become a floating museum but work not started.
• Dostoynyy (Virtuous, 1971)
• Doblestnyy (Valourous, 1973)
• Deyatelnyy (Active, 1973)
• Bezzavetnyy (Serene, 1978), collided with USS Yorktown (CG-48) in February 1988 in what some observers have called "the last incident of the Cold War"
• Bezukoriznennyy (Irreproachable, 1980)
• Ladnyy (Harmonious, 1980), involved in the hunt for lost cargo ship MV Arctic Sea in 2009.
• Poryvistyy (Impetuous, 1980)
• Zharkiy (Heated, 1975)
• Retivy (Ardent, 1976)
• Leningradskiy Komsomolets (1976), renamed Legkiy (Light) in 1992
• Letuchiy (Flighty, 1977)
• Pylkiy (Fervent, 1979), active in Feb 2008
• Zadornyy (Passionate, 1979)

Burevestnik M

Soviet Burevestnik M class guided missile frigate Pytlivyy

• Bessmennyy (Unchanging, 1979)
• Gordelivy (Proud, 1979)
• Gromkiy (Loud, 1979)
• Grozyashchiy (Threatening, 1977)
• Neukrotimyy (Untamable/Indomitable, 1978) — damaged by pyrotechnic mine during St. Petersburg Navy Day rehearsal July 2005
• Pytlivyy (Keen, 1982), active in Feb 2008
• Razitelnyy (Striking, 1977)
• Revnostnyy (Zealous, 1980)
• Rezkiy (Sharp, 1976)
• Rezvyy (Frisky, 1975)
• Ryavnyy (Spirited, 1980)

Nerey

All ships were built in Kerch. All ships were intended for the Soviet border guard.

Soviet KGB Border Troops Nerei class-frigate Imeni 70-Letiya Pogranichnykh Voisk (renamed Anadyr in Russian Coast Guard service) in 1988. KGB ensign is risen.

Seven ships are operated by the Russian Maritime Border Guard (2008)

• Menzhinskiy (1984)—named after Vyacheslav Menzhinsky an OGPU chairman in 1930s
• Dzerzhinskiy (1985)—named after Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky the founder of the KGB
• Oryol (formerly Imeni XXVII syezda KPSS, 1987)—renamed after the city of Orel
• Anadyr (formerly Imeni 70-Letiya Pogranichnykh, commemorating 70 years of the USSR Border Troops, 1988) renamed after the Anadyr Peninsula
• Pskov (formerly Imeni LXX Letiya VChk-KGB, 1988)—renamed after the city of Pskov
• Kedrov (1989)
• Vorovskiy (1990)

Operated by the Ukrainian Navy

• Hetman Sahaydachniy (U130): built for the Ukrainian Navy after the collapse of the Soviet Union, named after Petro Konashevych, a 17th-century Ukrainian Cossack leader
• A second Ukrainian ship to be named Hetman Bayda Vyshnevetsky was cancelled.

Project 11356 in Indian Navy (Talwar class)

Three improved Nerei frigates were sold to the Indian Navy in the 1990s. They are known as Talwar-class frigates in Indian naval service. Three more, armed with the Brahmos missile, were ordered on 14 Jul 2006.

• INS Talwar (F40) (18-06-2003)
• INS Trishul (F43) (25-06-2003)
• INS Tabar (F44) (19-04-2004)
• INS Teg (F45) (27-04-2012)
• INS Tarkash (F50) (09-11-2012)
• INS Trikand (F51) (29-06-2013)

Project 11356M in Russian Navy

Three frigates of the Admiral Grigorovich class were ordered for the Black Sea Fleet to be built by the Yantar Yard in Kaliningrad which is also building the Talwar class for the Indian Navy.

• Admiral Grigorovich - ordered for BSF - laid down in 18 December 2010, will be delivered in 2013/2014
• Admiral Essen - ordered for BSF - laid down in 8 July 2011, will be delivered in 2014
• Admiral Makarov - ordered for BSF - laid down in 29 Feb 2012, will be delivered in 2015
• Admiral Butakov - ordered for BSF - laid down in 12 Oct 2012, planned to be delivered till 2015
• Admiral Istomin - planned for BSF - planned to be delivered till 2016
• Admiral Kornilov - planned for BSF - planned to be delivered till 2016

References

• Gardiner, Robert (ed.) (1995). Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. London: Conway Maritime. ISBN 0-85177-605-1. OCLC 34284130.  Also published as Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen; Budzbon, Przemysław (1995). Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7. OCLC 34267261. 

External links

• (Russian) Article
• (English) Article from FAS
• (English) Article from Warfare.ru
• (English) Photoalbum Krivak-2 Class Frigate "Pitlivy"
• http://www.mosnews.com/news/2005/08/01/flagship.shtml - 1995 mine accident
• (English) All Krivak I and II Class Frigates - Complete Ship List
• (English) All Krivak III Class Frigates - Complete Ship List