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Benjamin Berkeley Hotchkiss
Personal details
Born
Benjamin Berkeley Hotchkiss

(1826-10-01)October 1, 1826
Watertown, Connecticut, USA
Died February 14, 1885(1885-02-14) (aged 58)
Paris, France
Spouse Maria Bissell Hotchkiss
Occupation gunsmith, engineer
Hotchkiss cannon

The Hotchkiss Revolving Cannon, 1874

Hotchkiss canon revolver before 1923

The Hotchkiss rapid fire 37 mm multi-barrel gun "canon-revolver", manufactured from 1879.

Benjamin Berkeley Hotchkiss (October 1, 1826 – February 14, 1885) was one of the leading American ordnance engineers of his day.

American career[]

Hotchkiss type 3 pounder cannon 1855

Hotchkiss-type rifled 3-pounder cannon, founded in 1855 at Chicopee, Massachusetts. Caliber: 76 mm. Length: 1.16 m. Captured during the 1863 Mexico campaign.

Hotchkiss was born in Watertown, Connecticut, and moved to Sharon, Connecticut in childhood; his early experiments were made there in his father's hardware factory. Starting in the 1850s, he was employed as a gunmaker in Hartford, working on Colt revolvers and Winchester rifles.

French career[]

After the American Civil War, the U.S. government showed little interest in funding new weapons. In 1867, Hotchkiss moved to France and set up a munitions factory, first in Viviez, near Rodez, then in Saint-Denis, near Paris, named Hotchkiss et Cie. At about this time, he developed a revolving barrel machine gun (in French: "canon-revolver") known as the Hotchkiss gun; the gun was made in four sizes from 37 mm to 57 mm, the largest intended for naval use. After his death, the Hotchkiss company also developed in 1897 and later manufactured in large numbers an air cooled, gas actuated infantry machine gun which was widely used by several countries, particularly France and the United States during World War One.

He was married to Maria Bissell Hotchkiss, who founded the Hotchkiss Library in Sharon in her husband's memory, as well as the Hotchkiss School at Lakeville, Connecticut.

External links[]

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