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Asim Munir

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General
Asim Munir
NI(M), HI(M)[1]
سید عاصم منیر[1]
Official military portrait, 2022
11th Chief of the Army Staff
Incumbent
Assumed office
29 November 2022
President Arif Alvi
Asif Ali Zardari
Preceded by Qamar Javed Bajwa
Asim Munir
Quartermaster General

In office
6 October 2021 – 28 November 2022
President Arif Alvi
Corps Commander Gujranwala

In office
17 June 2019 – 6 October 2021
President Arif Alvi
23rd Director General of the ISI

In office
25 October 2018 – 16 June 2019
President Arif Alvi
Preceded by LTG Naveed Mukhtar
Succeeded by LTG Faiz Hameed
Director General Military Intelligence

In office
December 2016 – 24 October 2018
President Mamnoon Hussain
Preceded by Major General Nadeem Zaki Manj
Succeeded by Major General Sarfaraz Ali
Commander Force Command Northern Areas

In office
October 2014 – December 2016
President Mamnoon Hussain
Preceded by Major General Hafiz Masroor Ahmad
Succeeded by Major General Saqib Mehmood Malik

Personal details Born 1968 (age 56–57)
Rawalpindi, Pakistan Nationality Pakistani Spouse(s) Syeda Irum Asim Children 3 Military service Allegiance  Pakistan Service/branch  Pakistan Army Years of service 1986—Present Rank General Unit 23 Frontier Force Regiment Commands *Quartermaster General

Battles/wars *Insurgency in Balochistan

Syed Asim Munir Ahmed Shah[2][1] NI(M) (Urdu language: سید عاصم منیر احمد شاہ ‎

born 1968)[1] is a Pakistani army general and the current Chief of Army Staff since 29 November 2022.[3] Before becoming the army chief, he was posted at the GHQ as Quartermaster general.[4] He commanded the XXX Corps in Gujranwala from 17 June 2019 to 6 October 2021.[5] He served as the 23rd Director-General of the ISI until he was replaced by lieutenant general Faiz Hameed on 16 June 2019.[6] Munir received the Sword of Honour for his performance as a cadet in the Officers Training School, Mangla.[7]

Early life and education[]

Munir was born in Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan to a Punjabi family, with their roots lying in Jalandhar, Punjab, India, from where his parents migrated following the 1947 partition of India. They moved to Toba Tek Singh before settling down in Rawalpindi's Dheri Hassanabad. His late father, Syed Sarwar Munir, was the principal of the FG Technical High School, Lalkurti, Rawalpindi and the imam of a mosque, Masjid-al-Quraish, situated in a locality of Dheri Hassanabad, where he often delivered the Friday Khutbah sermon. Munir has two siblings, Syed Qasim Munir and Syed Hashim Munir. One of his brothers is a government school teacher.[8]

Munir got his early religious education in a traditional Islamic seminary in Rawalpindi, the Markazi Madrasah Dar-ul-Tajweed, in his youth also being a local cricketer as a fast bowler.[9]

Later, Munir graduated from the Fuji school, Japan, the Command and Staff College, Quetta, the Malaysian Armed Forces College, Kuala Lumpur and the National Defence University, Islamabad, where he earned his MPhil in Public Policy and Strategic Security Management.[7]

Military service[]

Munir is from the 17th course of the Officers Training School in Mangla. He was commissioned in the 23rd Battalion of the Frontier Force Regiment. He started his military career on 25 April 1986.

As a Lieutenant Colonel, Munir served in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia as part of the close defence cooperation between Riyadh and Islamabad,[10] and also served in the Siachen Glacier.

While he was a Brigadier, he served as the Chief of Staff of Pakistan's I Strike Corps Mangla, and commanded an infantry brigade in the Northern Areas. He was promoted to the rank of Major-general in 2014 and served as the commander of the troops deployed in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. Munir also served as the Director-General of Military Intelligence in 2016.[11] He was awarded the Hilal-i-Imtiaz in March 2018.[12] Munir was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General in September 2018 and was subsequently appointed as DG ISI. In June 2019, Munir was replaced by Lt. Gen. Faiz Hameed as the new DG ISI. Subsequently, Munir was appointed as Corps Commander of XXX Corps in Gujranwala in 2019.[13] From 2021 to November 2022, Lt-General Munir was posted at GHQ as the Quartermaster General of Pakistan Army. In November 2022, Lieutenant General Munir was promoted to the four-star General rank and appointed as the Chief of the Army Staff of the Pakistan Army.

At the time of his appointment as COAS, Munir was the most senior lieutenant general of the Pakistani army. In December 2022, General Munir received the Nishan-i-Imtiaz (Military) award from President Arif Alvi. At the Aiwan-e-Sadr, top military officials were given special investitures in front of Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, diplomats, lawmakers, and federal ministers were present during the ceremony.[14]

General Munir is the third recipient of Sword of Honour who has risen to the position of army chief in the military history of Pakistan, after Asif Nawaz Janjua and Jehangir Karamat. Additionally, he is the only army chief in the history of Pakistan who has earlier served as chief of both premier military intelligence agencies of Pakistan, namely, Inter-Services Intelligence and Military Intelligence.[7]

General Munir is the first Quartermaster General of Pakistan Army who has been elevated to the post of Chief of Army Staff.

Director-General of the ISI (2018-2019)[]

Munir was appointed as the DG-ISI on 25 October 2018, under the tenure of Imran Khan.[15] He oversaw the 2019 skirmish with India, relaying critical information between the two countries, and holding an important role. Pakistan’s retaliation against India was triggered by the Munir-led committee who strongly advised Pakistan's civil-military leadership to respond to the Indian threat.[16] Munir’s tenure as DG-ISI is the shortest in the country’s history. It is alleged Munir was removed by Qamar Javed Bajwa under pressure from Imran Khan when Munir exposed the corruption of Khan’s wife, Bushra Bibi.[17] However, Khan called this allegation “completely false”, further explaining in a tweet on X that “this is completely false. Neither did Gen Asim show me any proof of my wife’s corruption nor did I make him resign because of that.”[18]

Chief of Army Staff (2022-present)[]

Munir was picked as Chief of Army Staff at the behest of the prime minister on 29 November 2022, being one of six candidates eligible. His appointment was widely seen as strategic, as the contemporary prime minister, Shehbaz Sharif, was influenced by his brother, Nawaz Sharif, a former prime minister, who has held the post three times in the past.[19]

He had been appointed at an extremely polarising time, the army, which had traditionally enjoyed extreme popularity among the populace, now was being regularly criticised and being subject to heavy disdain.[20] This was due to the removal of Imran Khan, the prime minister of Pakistan from 2018-2022, allegedly orchestrated by the country’s powerful army, under American pressure.[21]

Imran Khan was then eventually arrested, when he was released on bail, Asim Munir found himself under direct criticism from Imran Khan, with Khan accusing him of “dismantling the future of this country [Pakistan] to protect himself.”[22]

Khan’s arrest resulted in the May 9 riots, where military installations were attacked, looted, and ransacked.[23] Munir reacted heavily to the riots, visiting the places where rioting had occurred, and vowed that such an event would never reoccur.[24][25][26] Munir’s heavy reaction lead to the attempt of trying civilians under military courts, which received criticism from international observers as military courts are not seen as impartial and fair.[27][28][29][30]

This political crisis has also enhanced an economic crisis in Pakistan, which Munir has been adamant on solving, setting up the Special Investment Facilitation Council, intending to bring in billions of dollars of investment from abroad, especially Pakistan's gulf allies.[31] The economic crisis, led to the Pakistani rupee devaluing to its weakest in its history, valuing at 308 per dollar.[32] As a measure to strengthen the rupee, he initiated crackdowns on the black market, which had been selling dollars illegally, which was harming the rupee.[33] These crackdowns were successful, and the Pakistani rupee had rebounded to become the world’s best-performing currency in September 2023.[34]

Visit to the United States[]

Acting Deputy Secretary Nuland Meets with Pakistan Chief of Army Staff Munir - 53397993500

Munir meeting US Secretary of State Antony Blinken.

Munir visited the United States in December 2023, being hosted by the US Secretary of Defense, Lloyd Austin, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Charles Q. Brown, and US Deputy National Security Adviser, Jonathan Finer.[35] Munir then reemphasised ties with the United States, which were under strain under former prime minister Imran Khan’s premiership.[36] The US then reaffirmed Pakistan as an "ally" and expressed support for its commitments to regional security and defence cooperation.[37]

Personal life[]

Munir is a Muslim, and he is deemed as a conservative figure regarding religion.[38] Despite his affinity to Islam, he has stressed the need for combating against Islamic extremism, providing a safe nation for Pakistan’s religious minorities.[39]

Munir's family are locally known as a hafiz family, as its many members are known to have memorised the entire Qu’ran by heart, including Munir, who did so during his posting in Saudi Arabia as a Lieutenant-Colonel.[40]

Munir is a fitness enthusiast, sportsman, and a runner. He's also considered to be an avid reader and a traveller.[41][42]

Public image[]

Appraisals[]

Munir has been a polarising figure. He is applauded by some individuals for cracking down on dollar hoarding and smuggling,[43] which strengthened the Pakistani rupee, causing it to be the world’s top-performing currency of September 2023.[44] Additionally, he contributed to the set up of the Special Investment Facilitation Council, which aims to bring billions of dollars of investment from overseas, especially from the Gulf states,[45] that are desperately needed amidst the economic crisis.

Criticism[]

However, Munir is accused of intervening in civil politics,[46] despite only being trusted with the nation’s security and defence. [47] Munir has also allegedly suppressed thePakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf political party led by Imran Khan. In the aftermath of May 9 riots, following the arrest of Imran Khan on corruption allegations, Munir used military courts for civilians who rebelled against the army.[48]

On May 20, 2023, Munir announced that the “legal process of trial against planners, instigators, abettors and perpetrators involved in the May 9 tragedy has commenced under Pakistan Army Act and Official Secret Act”.[49] Furthermore, Munir exhorted army professionals to root out PTI inclined individuals.[50] Human rights organizations raised the concerns that military trials lack the necessary safeguards and transparency, thereby exposing to the risk of potential miscarriages of justice.[51][52] In a landmark judgement, the Supreme Court of Pakistan declared the trial of civilians in military courts as null and void, thereby drawing a legal line between the civilian and military domain.[53][54]

In addition, he has also been criticised for the deportation of illegal Afghan refugees, which he condones,[55] despite their tough conditions.[56]

Reputation[]

On his appointment as COAS, Al-Jazeera described Munir as an officer with an "impeccable reputation", while The Times of India described him as a "tough guy" for his hawkish attitude.[57][58]

Views[]

Foreign policy[]

Munir's foreign policy, or "the Munir doctrine", has been described as trying to shift away from the traditional choice between the United States and China as a primary geopolitical partner, and centred around three key points: to have a softer image of Pakistan, to transform it into a regional middle power, especially as a security actor, and to prioritize geoeconomics over geopolitics.[59]

He has been critical of Pakistan's neighbours, arguing that Afghanistan did not support Pakistan’s admission to the United Nations following independence and has historically supported the insurgency in Balochistan. Regarding India, he stated that "India has not reconciled with the concept of Pakistan, then how can we reconcile with them?"[60]

“Pakistan first” policy[]

Munir is described as having a “Pakistan first” policy,[61] taking a defensive stance against many of Pakistan’s adversaries. After the 2024 Iran–Pakistan border skirmishes, Munir reiterated that Pakistan would respond to such altercations, stating that "You [Iran] cannot backstab us, and if you do, you will get a befitting reply.”[60]

Munir is also regarded as carrying a heavy anti-Afghan attitude, supporting the deportation of 1.7 million illegal Afghan refugees.[55] He has also stated that Pakistan should be prioritised over Afghanistan, even stating that “when it comes to the safety and security of every single Pakistani, the whole of Afghanistan can be damned.”[62]

Social conservatism[]

While speaking to a gathering of students from various public and private sector universities of the country, Munir appeared as a social conservative, warning the youth against social media and Westernization, eventually asking that "If we want to adopt Western civilization, then why did we get rid of Hindu civilization?".[63]

Dates of promotion[]

Insignia Rank Date
General, COAS November 2022[3]
Lieutenant General September 2018[64]
Major General October 2014
Brigadier
Colonel
Lieutenant Colonel
Major
Captain
Lieutenant
Second Lieutenant April 1986

Awards and decorations[]

Nishan-e-Imtiaz

(Military)

(Order of Excellence)

(2022)

Hilal-e-Imtiaz

(Military)

(Crescent of Excellence)

(2018)

Tamgha-e-Diffa

(General Service Medal)

Siachen Glacier Clasp

Tamgha-e-Baqa

(Nuclear Test Medal)

1998

Tamgha-e-Istaqlal Pakistan

(Escalation with India Medal)

2002

Tamgha-e-Azm

(Medal of Conviction)

(2018)

10 Years Service Medal
20 Years Service Medal 30 Years Service Medal 35 Years Service Medal Jamhuriat Tamgha

(Democracy Medal)

1988

Qarardad-e-Pakistan Tamgha

(Resolution Day

Golden Jubilee Medal)

1990

Tamgha-e-Salgirah Pakistan

(Independence Day

Golden Jubilee Medal)

1997

Command & Staff College Quetta

Instructor's Medal

Sword of Honor(OTS)

1986

Foreign decorations[]

Foreign Awards
 Turkey Turkish Legion of Merit

References[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Category:Asim Munir.
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Lt General Asim Munir" (in en). https://ispr.gov.pk/chief-of-army-staff. 
  2. ↑ "General Asim Munir assumes command of the Pakistan Army". The News International. 30 November 2022. https://www.thenews.com.pk/amp/1015127-general-asim-munir-assumes-command-of-pakistan-army. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Lt General Asim Munir set to become next army chief, govt announces" (in en). https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/1013235-lt-general-asim-munir-set-to-become-next-army-chief-govt-announces. 
  4. ↑ "Who will be the next army chief?". 16 August 2022. https://www.dawn.com/news/1705151. 
  5. ↑ "Inter Services Public Relations Pakistan". https://www.ispr.gov.pk/press-release-detail.php?id=5339. 
  6. ↑ Reshuffle in army top brass 17 June 2019, The Nation.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "A brief look at General Asim Munir's career". 29 November 2022. https://www.geo.tv/latest/454445-a-brief-look-at-lt-gen-asim-munirs-career. 
  8. ↑ "From Jalandhar (India) to Rawalpindi: family profile of new Army Chief General Asim Munir" (in en-US). https://www.unewstv.com/234977/from-jalandhar-india-to-rawalpindi-family-profile-of-new-army-chief-general-asim-munir. 
  9. ↑ "COAS Asim Munir played cricket in Rawalpindi's Dheri Hassanabad". 29 November 2022. https://www.geo.tv/latest/455475-coas-asim-munir-played-cricket-in-rawalpindis-dheri-hassanabad. 
  10. ↑ "Who is Lt Gen Asim Munir?" (in en). 2022-11-24. https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/676422-Who-is-Lt-Gen-Asim-Munir. 
  11. ↑ "Gen Asim Munir is first Pak Army chief to have headed both ISI, MI" (in en-US). 2022-11-25. https://www.siasat.com/gen-asim-munir-is-first-pak-army-chief-to-have-headed-both-isi-mi-2465639/. 
  12. ↑ "President confers 58 military, 73 civil awards" (in en). https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/296052-president-confers-58-military-73-civil-awards. 
  13. ↑ "Faiz made ISI chief in military shake-up". 17 June 2019. https://www.dawn.com/news/1488673. 
  14. ↑ "President Alvi confers Nishan-i-Imtiaz (military) on COAS, CJCSC" (in en). 2022-12-08. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2390092/president-alvi-confers-nishan-i-imtiaz-on-coas-cjcsc. 
  15. ↑ Shahid, Kunwar Khuldune (2018-10-15). "Pakistan gets a hardline spymaster to head the ISI" (in en-US). http://asiatimes.com/2018/10/pakistan-gets-a-hardline-spy-master-to-head-the-isi/. 
  16. ↑ "Pak Army chief Asim Munir's India connection | Pulwama attack, Balakot strikes & Abhinandan" (in en). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j13LomF3OqE. 
  17. ↑ "Imran Khan Antagonized By Gen Asim Exposing Corruption Of Bushra Bibi, Farah Gogi: Aleem Khan" (in en). 2023-07-06. https://www.thefridaytimes.com/2023/07/06/imran-khan-antagonized-by-gen-asim-exposing-corruption-of-bushra-bibi-farah-gogi-aleem-khan/. 
  18. ↑ "‘Completely false’: Imran on ‘rumours’ about him removing COAS Munir as DG ISI in 2019" (in en). 2023-05-21. https://www.dawn.com/news/1754832. 
  19. ↑ "Former spy chief to head Pakistan's army" (in en-GB). 2022-11-24. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-63743083. 
  20. ↑ "Pakistanis turn against the army". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. https://www.economist.com/asia/2022/12/01/pakistanis-turn-against-the-army. 
  21. ↑ Hussain, Ryan Grim, Murtaza (2023-08-09). "Secret Pakistan Cable Documents U.S. Pressure to Remove Imran Khan" (in en-US). https://theintercept.com/2023/08/09/imran-khan-pakistan-cypher-ukraine-russia/. 
  22. ↑ "The populist vs the general: Imran Khan takes on Pakistan’s military". https://www.ft.com/content/ff773270-7a48-4be3-8c87-88c9b247f4e3. 
  23. ↑ "Khan’s supporters protest ex-PM’s arrest across Pakistan" (in en). https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/5/9/protests-erupt-in-pakistan-cities-after-imran-khan-arrest. 
  24. ↑ "Army chief denounces May 9 mayhem as ‘intolerable’". 2023-05-22. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2418015/army-chief-denounces-may-9-mayhem-as-intolerable?amp=1. 
  25. ↑ "COAS vows no mercy for May 9 rioters and vandals". 2023-05-20. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2417738/coas-vows-no-mercy-for-may-9-rioters-and-vandals?amp=1. 
  26. ↑ Shirazi, Iftikhar (2023-05-17). "COAS vows ‘orchestrated tragic incidents’ of May 9 won’t be allowed again ‘at any cost’" (in en). https://www.dawn.com/news/1753903. 
  27. ↑ "Pakistan: Don’t Try Civilians in Military Courts | Human Rights Watch" (in en). 2023-05-31. https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/05/31/pakistan-dont-try-civilians-military-courts. 
  28. ↑ Hussain, Abid. "HRW urges Pakistan to not try civilians in military courts" (in en). https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/5/31/hrw-urges-pakistan-to-not-try-civilians-in-military-courts. 
  29. ↑ "Pakistan Faces Backlash Over Plans to Try Civilians in Military Courts". https://www.voanews.com/amp/pakistan-faces-backlash-over-plans-to-try-civilians-in-military-courts-/7096185.html. 
  30. ↑ "Pakistan: Civilians must not be tried under military laws" (in en). 2023-05-16. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/05/pakistan-civilians-must-not-be-tried-under-military-laws/. 
  31. ↑ Report, Recorder (2023-09-04). "COAS explains to businesspeople SIFC potential" (in en). https://www.brecorder.com/news/40261369. 
  32. ↑ "Dollar scales to record high, inches above 300 against PKR in interbank" (in en). 2023-08-24. https://arab.news/p4e64. 
  33. ↑ RFE/RL. "Pakistan Cracks Down On Illegal Currency Markets After Rupee Falls" (in en). RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. https://www.rferl.org/a/pakistan-cracks-down-illegal-currency-markets/32587264.html. 
  34. ↑ Shan, Lee Ying (2023-10-18). "This currency is now the world’s top performer, after rebounding from record lows" (in en). https://www.cnbc.com/2023/10/18/pakistani-rupee-jumps-from-record-lows-to-worlds-top-performing-fx.html. 
  35. ↑ "Pakistan, US 'intend to increase interaction' as Pakistani army chief visits Washington". https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/pakistan-us-intend-to-increase-interaction-as-pakistani-army-chief-visits-washington/3083678. 
  36. ↑ "Why the U.S. Doesn’t Seem to Care About Imran Khan or Pakistan’s Unfair Election" (in en). 2024-02-05. https://time.com/6663747/pakistan-imran-khan-election-democracy-us/. 
  37. ↑ Iqbal, Anwar (2023-12-13). "With COAS in Washington, US reaffirms Pakistan’s ‘ally’ status" (in en). https://www.dawn.com/news/1797413. 
  38. ↑ Kugelman, Michael (2024-01-01). "Pakistan’s Army Chief Comes to Washington" (in en-US). https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/12/13/pakistan-army-chief-visit-washington-asim-munir/. 
  39. ↑ "Army chief meets religious scholars, says no space for extremism against minorities in Pakistan" (in en). https://www.arabnews.com/node/2410641/amp. 
  40. ↑ Johny, Stanly (27 November 2022). "Syed Asim Munir | The spymaster-turned-Army chief". https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/syed-asim-munir-the-spymaster-turned-army-chief/article66188878.ece. 
  41. ↑ "COAS pick: Lt Gen Asim Munir — a brief profile" (in en). https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/1013247-lt-gen-asim-munir-a-brief-profile. 
  42. ↑ "A brief look at General Asim Munir's career" (in en). https://www.geo.tv/latest/454445-a-brief-look-at-lt-gen-asim-munirs-career. 
  43. ↑ "Pakistani Minister Concedes Security Personnel Involved in Smuggling". https://www.voanews.com/amp/pakistani-minister-concedes-security-personnel-involved-in-smuggling/7293678.html. 
  44. ↑ Shahid, Ariba (2023-09-28). "FX clampdown boosts Pakistani rupee 6.1% to become September's top currency" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/markets/currencies/fx-clampdown-boosts-pakistani-rupee-61-become-septembers-top-currency-2023-09-28/. 
  45. ↑ Chakraborty, Debdutta; ThePrint (2023-11-28). "'Well done army chief'—Pakistan general hailed for $25 billion deals with UAE, stocks soar" (in en-US). https://theprint.in/go-to-pakistan/well-done-army-chief-pakistan-general-hailed-for-25-billion-deals-with-uae-stocks-soar/1862437/. 
  46. ↑ "Pakistan’s army is back in charge of politics". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. https://www.economist.com/asia/2023/08/10/pakistans-army-is-back-in-charge-of-politics. 
  47. ↑ "Imran Khan's supporters are silenced but determined" (in en-GB). 2023-08-08. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-66436731. 
  48. ↑ "Imran Khan alleges ‘reign of terror’ as supporters face trial in military courts | Imran Khan | The Guardian". https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/19/pakistan-thousands-imran-khan-supporters-arrested-hundreds-face-trial. 
  49. ↑ "Undermining Justice: Court-Martialing Civilians in Pakistan". Wilson Center. 2023-05-05. https://www.wilsoncenter.org/blog-post/undermining-justice-court-martialing-civilians-pakistan. Retrieved 2023-10-25. 
  50. ↑ "Pak Army Chief Asim Munir To Invoke Army Act To Dock Masterminds Of May 9 Revolt". StratNews Global. 2023-06-08. https://stratnewsglobal.com/articles/pak-army-chief-asim-munir-to-invoke-army-act-to-dock-masterminds-of-may-9-revolt/. Retrieved 2023-10-25. 
  51. ↑ "Undermining Justice: Court-Martialing Civilians in Pakistan". Wilson Center. 2023-06-05. https://www.wilsoncenter.org/blog-post/undermining-justice-court-martialing-civilians-pakistan. Retrieved 2023-10-25. 
  52. ↑ "HRCP concerned at NA resolution for trials in military courts". 2023-06-14. https://www.dawn.com/news/1759648. Retrieved 2023-10-25. 
  53. ↑ "SC strikes down ‘military justice’ for civilians". Dawn News. 2023-10-24. https://www.dawn.com/news/1783244/sc-strikes-down-military-justice-for-civilians. Retrieved 2023-10-25. 
  54. ↑ "Military courts". Dawn News. 2023-10-25. https://www.dawn.com/news/1783552. Retrieved 2023-10-25. 
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 "‘Security of every Pakistani important’: Army chief Gen Munir amid imminent deportation of migrants" (in en). 2023-10-26. https://www.firstpost.com/world/security-of-every-pakistani-important-army-chief-gen-munir-amid-imminent-deportation-of-migrants-13303202.html/amp. 
  56. ↑ "Pakistan: Widespread Abuses Force Afghans to Leave | Human Rights Watch" (in en). 2023-11-28. https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/28/pakistan-widespread-abuses-force-afghans-leave. 
  57. ↑ Hussain, Abid. "Who is Asim Munir, Pakistan’s new army chief?" (in en). https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/11/24/who-is-asim-munir-pakistans-new-army-chief. 
  58. ↑ Sharan, Sunil. "Asim Munir: The tough guy who became Pakistani army chief". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/strategic-insights/asim-munir-the-tough-guy-who-became-pakistani-army-chief/. 
  59. ↑ Sulehria, Naad-e-Ali (14 December 2023). "Pakistan’s military and foreign policy under Gen. Asim Munir". https://www.mei.edu/publications/pakistans-military-and-foreign-policy-under-gen-asim-munir. 
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 "COAS sets out foreign policy redlines". 25 January 2024. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2454331/coas-sets-out-foreign-policy-redlines. 
  61. ↑ desk, News source (2024-02-05). "General Asim Munir: Torch-bearer of ‘Pakistan first’ policy" (in en-US). https://pakobserver.net/general-asim-munir-torch-bearer-of-pakistan-first-policy/. 
  62. ↑ Rahmati, Fidel (2024-01-25). "Pakistan's Army Chief: One Pakistani life matters more than all of Afghanistan" (in en-US). Khaama Press. https://www.khaama.com/pakistans-army-chief-one-pakistani-life-matters-more-than-all-of-afghanistan/. 
  63. ↑ Rana, Shahbaz (24 January 2024). "Elected govt doesn’t get a free pass: COAS". https://tribune.com.pk/story/2454258/coas-munir-warns-youth-against-pitfalls-of-social-media. 
  64. ↑ Syed, Baqir Sajjad (2018-10-11). "Asim Munir made new ISI chief" (in en). https://www.dawn.com/news/1438243. 
Military offices
Preceded by
Qamar Javed Bajwa 		Chief of Army Staff Succeeded by
TBD
Military offices
Preceded by
Naveed Mukhtar 		Director General Inter-Services Intelligence Succeeded by
Faiz Hameed

Template:Inter-Services Intelligence

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