| Army of Émigrés | |
|---|---|
 Badge of the Army of the Princes | |
| Active | 1792–1814 |
| Country |
 French Émigrés |
| Allegiance | House of Bourbon |
| Type | Counter–Revolutionary Army |
| Size | Varying |
| Engagements |
Revolution Napoleonic Wars |
| Commanders | |
| Overall Commander | Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé |
Below is a compiled list of the French émigré units which fought as part of the pro-royalist cause during the French Revolutionary Wars and subsequent Napoleonic Wars. Units will be listed by type, and then by region which they came from, with any useful notes or information.
The Armée des Émigrés (English: Army of the Émigrés), were counter-revolutionary armies raised outside of France by and out of Royalist Émigrés, with the aim of overthrowing the French Revolution, reconquering France and restoring the monarchy. These were aided by royalist armies within France itself, such as the Chouans, and by allied countries such as Great Britain. They fought, for example, at the sieges of Lyon and Toulon.
They were formed from:
- noblemen volunteers, either descendents of the ancient royal family or not, who had fled France
- troops raised by these nobles through subsidies from other European monarchies, or through their own means
- units of the French army which had also emigrated, such as the 4th Hussar Regiment
Even Napoleon I said of them "True, they are paid by our enemies, but they were or should have been bound to the cause of their King. France gave death to their action, and tears to their courage. All devotion is heroic".
List of Regiments[]
In Austrian/Independent Pay[]
- Armée de Conde (1791–1801)
- Maison des Princes (10 companies in 5 squadrons)[1]
- Régiments Noble (2 regiments)
- Régiment de Dauphin Cavalerie[2]
- Régiment Noble à Cheval d'Angoulême[1]
- Régiment de Mirabeau Cavalerie[3]
- Régiment de Couronne Cavalerie[3]
- Régiment des Chasseurs Nobles
- Hussards de Baschi de Cayla
- Chasseurs de Noinville
- Dragons de Fargues
- Chasseurs d'Astorg
- Dragons de Clermont-Tonnerre
- Cuirassiers de Furange
- Régiment des Dragons d'Enghien (10 companies in five squadrons)
- Régiment de Saxe Hussards[2] — formerly part of the French Royal Army
- Régiment de Berchiny Hussards[2] — formerly part of the French Royal Army
- Régiment de Grenadiers de Bourbon (18 companies in two battalions)[1]
- Régiment de Durand (Company of Grenadiers + 8 fusilier companies)[1]
- Régiment de Bretagne[2]
- Régiment d'Enghien[2]
- Marine Regiment de Belfort[2]
- Régiment de Deux–Ponts[2]
- Régiment de Nassau[2]
- Régiment de Brie[2]
- Régiment de Roquefeuil
- Régiment Alexandre de Damas
- Régiment de Montesson
- Régiment de Royal–Étranger[2]
- Régiment de Royal–Navarre[2]
- Régiment de Rohan[2]
- Régiment du Maine[3]
- Régiment de Vivarais[3]
- Régiment de Hohenlohe[3]
- Régiment d'Allonville (1793–1796)
- Régiment Noble à Pied (18 companies in two battalions)[1]
- Corps of Engineers[1]
- Guard of the Quartermaster General[1]
- Compagnies Française[1]
- Compagnies Suisses[1]
- Corps d'Artillerie[1]
- Nobles Company
- 1st Cannon Company
- 2nd Cannon Company
- 3rd Cannon Company
- 4th Cannon Company
- Company of Drivers
- Sanitation and Hospital Services[1]
- Brigade Irlandese[4]
Irish Establishment[]
- Irish Establishment (British Army)
- Loyal Irish Brigade (1794–1798) — reduced in 1796 to three regiments due to recruiting difficulties, last of brigde disbanded in 1798[4]
- 1st Loyal Irish Regiment (Fitzgame's) — former Berwick
- 2nd Loyal Irish Regiment (Count Walsh de Serrant's)
- 3rd Loyal Irish Regiment (Dillon's)
- 4th Loyal Irish Regiment (O'Connell's)
- 5th Loyal Irish Regiment (Viscount Conway's) — then Viscount Walsh de Serrant's
- 6th Loyal Irish Regiment (Count Conway's)
- Loyal Irish Brigade (1794–1798) — reduced in 1796 to three regiments due to recruiting difficulties, last of brigde disbanded in 1798[4]
French Pay[]
- Armée des Princes (1791–1792)
- La Maison du Roi
- Régiment de Hussards de Bercheny
- Hussards de Salm-Kirburg
- Régiment de Saxe hussards
- Hussards de Baschi de Cayla
- Hussards de la Légion de Damas
- Hussards de Choiseul
- Hussards de Rohan
- Hussards de Hompesch
- Régiment de Rohan
- La Maison du Roi
Foreign Service[]
- In Foreign Service
- Dutch Army
- Légion de Damas
- Hussards de la Légion de Béon
- Austrian Army
- Le Régiment Royal-Allemand
- Les Hussards de Bercheny
- Les Hussards de Saxe
- Les Chasseurs de Bussy
- La Légion de Bourbon
- Spanish Army
- Légion du Comte de Panetier (1793–1796, incorporated into the Régiment de Bourbon after the Siege of Toulon)
- Légion du Comte de Vallespir (1793–1793, incorporated into the Régiment de Bourbon)
- Légion des Pyrénées [also known as the Légion de Saint-Simon] (1792–1795, incorporated into the Légion de Royal–Roussillon)
- Légion Royal–Roussillon (1793–1794, incorporated into the Légion du Comte de Panetier, and later the Légion de la Reine)
- Bataillon de la Frontière (179?–1796)
- Régiment de Bourbon (1796, incorporated into the Spanish Army as the Bourbon Infantry Regiment No.37)
- Dutch Army
British Service[]
Cavalry[]
- Uhlans Britanniques[5]
- Choiseul's Hussars (1794–1796)[5]
- Hompesch Hussars[5]
- Salm's Hussars[5]
- York Hussars[5]
- Corsican Light Dragoons (1799–1802)[6]
Legions[]
In the Royal French Army and subsequent emigre units, Légions were composed of cavalry, infantry, and artillery — in effect these units were independent brigades.
- Béon's Legion (1793–1795)[5][7]
- Damas' Légion (1793–1797)[5]
- Rohan's Légion[5]
- Légion de Mirabeau[5]
- Wood's Legion (1795)[6]
Infantry[]
Line Infantry[]
- Autichamp Regiment[7]
- Bachmann's Regiment[7]
- Béthisy's Regiment (1794–1795)[7]
- Broglie's Régiment (1794–1795)[7]
- De Castries' Regiment[5]
- Edward Dillon's Regiment[5]
- Du Dresney's Regiment[5]
- Hector's Royal Marine Regiment[5]
- Hervilly's Royal Louis Regiment[5]
- Jernigham's Regiment[5]
- Loyal Emigrant Regiment[5][7]
- Breton Company[7]
- Perigord's Regiment[5]
- Boisgelin's Royal Louis Regiment[5]
- Löwenstein's Fusiliers[5]
- Mortemarte's Regiment[5]
- Vioménil's Regiment (1794–1795)[7]
- Royal–Étranger Regiment[7]
- Bourbon Regiment (1812–1816)[6]
- Carveville's Regiment (1795)[6]
- Corsican Regiment (1795–1796)[6]
- Montmorency–Laval's Regiment (1794–1795)[6]
- Mortemart's Regiment (1794–1802)[6]
- Périgord's Regiment (1794–1795)[6]
- Le Régiment Royal Louis (1793–1794)[6]
- de La Tremoïlle's Regiment (1795)[6]
- Foreign Invalids Independent Companies (1798–1814)[6]
- Independent Companies of Foreigners (1812–1814)[6]
Light Infantry[]
- Hompesch Chasseurs[5][7]
- Maclean's (or French) Chasseurs[5]
- Chasseurs Britanniques de St Domingo , later simply Chasseurs Britataniques (1701–1814)[5]
- Salm's Light Infantry[5]
- Ramsay's York Rangers[5][7]
- Waldstein's Light Infantry[7]
- Löwenstein's Chasseurs[7]
- Salm-Kyrburg Light Infantry[7]
- The Corsican Chasseurs (1793–1798)[6]
- Corsican Free Corps[6]
- Corsican Rangers (1799–1802)[6]
- Royal Corsican Rangers (1803–1816)[6]
Supporting Arms[]
- Compagnie Franches d'Émigrés de Sainte Domingue (1795–1798)[6]
- Royal Foreign Artillery (Rotailer's)[5][7]
- Royal French Marine Artillery (1793–1797)[6]
- Salm–Kirburg Horse Artillery[7]
- French Corps of Pioneers (1794–1796)[6]
- Foreign Engineers and Artificers (1794–1796)[6]
- Gendarmes Royaux Anglais[7]
- Corsican Gendarmerie (1794–1796)[6]
See also[]
- Catholic and Royal Army
- Chouan Army of Rennes and Fougères
- Hussards de Saxe
- Chouannerie
- War in the Vendée
Footnotes[]
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 des Portes, p. 387–397.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 des Portes, p. 21
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Muret, pp. 3–4, 25, 93
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "Irish Brigade in French & British service,". 2007-10-11. https://web.archive.org/web/20071011104123/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/europe/ie-regts/irishbde.htm.
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24 5.25 5.26 Smith 2006 pp. 114–117.
- ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 "Index of the Regiments and Corps of Europe and Foreign Corps in British Service". 2007-10-11. https://web.archive.org/web/20071011044406/http://regiments.org/regiments/europe/lists/eurgxref.htm.
- ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 Chartrand 1999 pp. 13–97.
References[]
- Smith, Digby (2006). An illustrated encyclopedia of uniforms of the Napoleonic wars : an expert, in-depth reference to the officers and soldiers of the revolutionary and Napoleonic period, 1792-1815. London Lanham, Md: Lorenz North American agent/distributor, National Book Network. ISBN 978-0-7548-1571-6. OCLC 60320422.
- Chartrand, René (1999). Émigré & foreign troops in British service. Oxford: Osprey Military. ISBN 978-1-85532-766-5. OCLC 40926410.
- Réne Bittard des Portres (1905). Historie de L'Armée de Condé Pendant La Révolution Française (1791–1801). Paris: Librairie Émile-Paul.
- Bittard des Portes, René (1905). Historie de L'Armée de Condé Pendant La Révolution Français. rue du Faubourg-Saint-Honoré, Paris: Librairie Émile–Paul.
- Théodore Muret, M. (1844). L'Armée de Condé (Tome Premier). Paris: Royal Palace.
The original article can be found at Armée des Émigrés and the edit history here.