| An-12 | |
|---|---|
| An-12 of Gomelavia in 2009 | |
| Role | Tactical airlifter |
| Manufacturer | Antonov |
| First flight | 16 December[1] 1957 |
| Introduction | 1959 |
| Status | Active service with various airlines (especially cargo) and air forces |
| Primary users | Belarus Air Force Aeroflot PLA Air Force |
| Produced | 1957–1973 |
| Number built | 1,248 |
| Developed from | Antonov An-10 |
| Variants | Shaanxi Y-8 |
The Antonov An-12 (Russian: Антонов Ан-12; NATO reporting name: Cub) is a four-engined turboprop transport aircraft designed in the Soviet Union. It is the military version of the Antonov An-10 and has many variants.
Design and development[]
An An-12A of Vega Air makes a traditional smokey takeoff from Kastrup Airport (2004).
47-year-old An-12 still operational. Malmö Airport
The first prototype An-12 flew in December 1957. Over 900 had been built (both military and civilian versions) when Soviet production finally ended in 1973. The An-12BP entered Soviet military service in 1959. In terms of configuration, size, and capability, the aircraft is similar to the United States-built Lockheed C-130 Hercules. Soviet military and former-Soviet An-12s have a defensive tail gun turret.
Chinese production[]
In the 1960s, China purchased several An-12 aircraft from the Soviet Union, along with a license to assemble the aircraft locally. Due to the Sino-Soviet split, the Soviet Union withdrew its technical assistance and the first flight of a Chinese-assembled An-12 was delayed until 1974. The Xi'an Aircraft Company and Xi'an Aircraft Design Institute worked to reverse-engineer the An-12 for local production.[2]
In 1981, the Chinese version of the An-12, designated Y-8, entered production. Since then, the Y-8 has become one of China's most popular military and civilian transport/cargo aircraft, with many variants produced and exported. A Tu-16/H-6 bomber navigator cockpit design was chosen for the Y-8 instead of the original An-12 shorter navigator cockpit design, as the H-6 bomber had been in serial production for some time.[3] Although the An-12 is no longer in production either in Russia or in Ukraine, the Y-8 is upgraded and produced in China. The latest Y8-F600 is a joint venture between the Shaanxi Aircraft Company, Antonov Aeronautical Scientific Technical Complex (ASTC), and Pratt & Whitney Canada. The Y8-F600 has a redesigned fuselage, western avionics, PW150B turboprop engines with an R-408 propeller system, and a two-crew glass cockpit.[4] It is unknown whether the Shaanxi Y-8 remains in production.
Variants[]
Operators[]
An-12 operators (military operators in red, civil operators in green, and operators for both military and civil purposes in blue)
Currently the An-12 is very popular with cargo operators, especially those in the CIS, Africa and the Indian subcontinent.[5]
Civil operators[]
On 12 January 2009, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) issued a temporary ban of the An-12 from flying over their airspace following runway incursions at Sharjah International Airport and the GCAA has advised operators to stop using the aircraft.[6][7] The ban was made permanent in Feb 2010.[8]
Current[]
|
Former[]
|
|
Military operators[]
Current[]
|
Former[]
|
|
Accidents and incidents[]
Specifications (An-12)[]
Data from Global Aircraft,[25] Airliners.net[26]
General characteristics
- Crew: five: two pilots, flight engineer, navigator, radio operator
- Payload: 20,000 kg (44,000 lb)
- Length: 33.10 m (108 ft 7 in)
- Wingspan: 38.00 m (124 ft 8 in)
- Height: 10.53 m (34 ft 7 in)
- Wing area: 121.7 m² (1,310 ft²)
- Empty weight: 28,000 kg (62,000 lb)
- Useful load: 60 paratroopers (two BMD-1 armoured vehicles)
- Max. takeoff weight: 61,000 kg (130,000 lb)
- Powerplant: 4 × Ivchenko AI-20L or AI-20M turboprops, 4,000 ehp (3,000 kW) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 777 km/h (419 knots, 482 mph)
- Cruise speed: 670 km/h (361 knots, 415 mph)
- Range:
- With maximum fuel: 5,700 km (3,075 nm, 3,540 mi)
- With maximum load: 3,600 km (1,945 nm, 2,235 mi))
- Service ceiling: 10,200 m (33,500 ft)
- Rate of climb: 10m/s (1960ft/min)
Armament
- Guns: 2× 23 mm (0.906 in) Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 cannons in a tail turret (some aircraft)
Notable appearances in media[]
See also[]
- Antonov An-22
- Shaanxi Y-8
- Lockheed C-130 Hercules
- Transall C.160
- List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS
- Military transport aircraft
References[]
- ↑ "Antonov official website". http://www.antonov.com/aircraft/antonov-gliders-and-airplanes/an-12?lang=en. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- ↑ "Y8 Turboprop Transport Aircraft". Sino Defence. http://www.sinodefence.com/airforce/airlift/y8.asp.
- ↑ "Y8F600 aircraft". Shaanxi Aircraft Industry. Archived from the original on 21 May 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060521122248/http://www.shanfei.com/2005_english/Product/Y8F600.htm.
- ↑ Gordon, Yefim & Komissarov, Dmitry. Antonov An-12. Midland. Hinkley. 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-255-9[page needed]
- ↑ "GCAA issues temporary ban of Antonov An-12 from UAE airspace". Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090201142826/http://www.ameinfo.com/181034.html. Retrieved 13 January 2009.
- ↑ "United Arab Emirates bans flights of Soviet-built An-12 aircraft". Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090201131544/http://en.rian.ru/world/20090112/119454229.html. Retrieved 13 January 2009.
- ↑ "UAE bans ANTONOV An-12 aircraft from its airspace". The Times Of India. 19 February 2010. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/UAE-bans-ANTONOV-An-12-aircraft-from-its-airspace-/articleshow/5590592.cms. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
- ↑ "SRX :: Fleet". http://www.srx.aero/services/charters/fleet/an12. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
- ↑ Endres 1979, p. 189.
- ↑ Endres 1979, p. 15.
- ↑ Vintage Russian. Props and Jets of the Iron Curtain Airlines, Airlife Publishing, Shrewsbury 1998, ISBN 1-85310-971-1.
- ↑ Endres 1979, p. 401–402.
- ↑ Endres 1979, p. 351.
- ↑ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 32.
- ↑ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 37.
- ↑ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 41.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 46.
- ↑ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 48.
- ↑ Hoyle Flight International 8–14 December 2015, p. 53.
- ↑ "Armament of the Georgian Army". Georgian Army. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120309192408/http://geo-army.ge/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9&Itemid=9&lang=en. Retrieved 25 June 2007.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 5 September 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120905025517/http://www.worldairforces.com/Countries/mongolia/mon.html. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
- ↑ Gołąbek, Adam: 13. Pułk Lotnictwa Transportowego in: Lotnictwo z szachownicą nr. 9 and nr. 10
- ↑ Radek Havelka. "An-12BP 2209 :: An-12BP". valka. http://forum.valka.cz/viewtopic.php/title/An-12BP-2209/t/52726. Retrieved 26 December 2014.[verification needed]
- ↑ "An-12 Cub". Global Aircraft. Archived from the original on 19 February 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060219100727/http://www.globalaircraft.org/planes/an-12_cub.pl. Retrieved 9 March 2006.
- ↑ "The Antonov An-12 & Shaanxi Y8". Airliners.net. Archived from the original on 19 February 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060219080507/http://www.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=35. Retrieved 9 March 2006.
- Endres, Günter G. (1979). World Airline Fleets 1979. Hounslow, UK: Airline Publications and Sales Ltd.. ISBN 0-905117-53-0..
- Hoyle, Craig (8–14 December 2015). "World Air Forces Directory". pp. 26–53. ISSN 0015-3710.
External links[]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Antonov An-12. |
- List of all An-12 aircraft used by Polish Air Force
- Pictures of An-12
- Hundreds of An-12 photos
- Y-8 Transporter Intro, AirForceWorld.com
- Russianplanes.net
The original article can be found at Antonov An-12 and the edit history here.