Military Wiki
ADF insurgency
Date13 November 1996 – present[5]
(28 years, 2 months, 3 weeks and 6 days)
LocationFlag of Uganda Uganda
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo
Result Ongoing
Belligerents

Flag of Uganda Uganda
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo
Force Intervention Brigade (FIB) Logo United Nations Force Intervention Brigade


Supported by:
Flag of the United States USA[1]


Allied Democratic Forces
National Army for the Liberation of Uganda


Supported by:
ShababFlag al-Shabaab [2]
Flag of Lord's Resistance Army Lord's Resistance Army [3]
Flag of Sudan Sudan [4]


Commanders and leaders
Uganda Yoweri Museveni
Democratic Republic of the Congo Joseph Kabila
Force Intervention Brigade (FIB) Logo James Aloisi Mwakibolwa
Jamil Mukulu  (WIA)
Yusuf Kabanda
Ashraf Lukwago
Frank Kithasamba [6]
Strength
40000 UPDF
150000 FARDC
3000 UNFIB [7]
1400 ADF and NALU [7]
Casualties and losses
>1265 civilians killed
>150000 misplaced [4]
>80
>314  (POW)
[1]

ADF insurgency refers to the ongoing rebellion of the Allied Democratic Forces in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo directed against the governments of the two countries. The insurgency began in 1996, intensifying in 2013, resulting in hundreds of deaths.

Background[]

The ADF was formed by Jamil Mukulu a conservative Muslim Ugandan of the Tabliq sect. ADF merged with the remnants of another rebel group, the National Army for the Liberation of Uganda, during the years following the fall of Idi Amin. Funded by the illegal mining and logging industries of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, ADF created 15 well organised camps in the DRC-Uganda border areas. The insurgence remained unaffected by government amnesty and talk efforts, as members married local women.[8]

According to intelligence sources, ADF has collaborated with al-Shabaab and Lord's Resistance Army.Receiving training and logistic support.[3]

Formed in 1995, ADF carried its first attack on 13 November 1996.The conflict gradually intensified, culminating in the 1998 Kichwamba Technical College attack, which left 80 people dead, with 80 more being abducted. The insurgency continued on a smaller scale until 2013.2013 marked a resurgence of ADF activity, launched a recruitment campaign along with numerous attacks.[9][10]

Timeline[]

1996[]

On 13 November 1996, ADF perpetrated its first attack on the towns of Bwera and Mpondwe-Lhubiriha in Kasese district, Uganda.Approximately 50 people were killed in the attack.25000 people fled the towns, before they were recaptured by Ugandan troops.[11][12]

1998[]

On 20 February 1998, ADF abducted 30 children, in the aftermath of an attack on a Seventh-Day Adventist College in Mitandi, Kasese district.[4]

On 4 April 1998, 5 people were killed and at least 6 were wounded, when bombs exploded at two restaurants in Kampala.[5]

On 8 June 1998, ADF rebels killed 80 students of the Kichwamba Technical College in the Kabarole, Uganda.80 students were abducted in the same raid.[5]

In June 1998, ADF rebels abducted over l00 school children from a school in Hoima, Uganda.[5]

In August 1998, 30 people were killed in three separate bus bombings, perpetrated by ADF.[5]

1999[]

Between 10 April 1999 - 30 May 1999 ADF carried seven attacks, resulting in 11 dead and 42 wounded.[4]

On 9 December 1999, ADF attacked the Katojo prison facility, releasing 360 prisoners sentenced for terrorism.[4]

2007 to 2008[]

During March 2007, the UPDF engaged incursive ADF groups in multiple firefights, killing at least 46 in Bundibugyo and Mubende districts. The biggest battle occurred on March 27, when the UPDF faced an estimated 60 ADF troops and killed 34, including three senior commanders. The UPDF claimed to have retrieved numerous weapons as well as documents that tie the ADF to the LRA.[3]

On 13 April 2007, the UPDF and ADF engaged in an intense battle inside the Semuliki National Park, near the upscale Semliki Lodge tourist destination.[13]

Ceasefire and amnesty talks between the government of Uganda and the ADF were held in Nairobi starting in May 2008. Negotiations were complicated by the fragmentation of the ADF's leadership.[14] Non-combatant dependents of the ADF were repatriated to Uganda by the IOM. At least 48 ADF fighters surrendered and were given amnesty.[15] As the threat from the LRA in the DRC waned, the UPDF put increasing focus on the ADF as a reason for UPDF personnel to remain in the DRC.[16]

On 4 December 2007, 200 ADF and NALU militants surrendered to Ugandan authorities.[4]

2012[]

Between February–March 2012, over 60 ADF insurgents were arrested within Uganda.[1]

2013[]

In April 2013, it was reported that ADF started a recruitment campaign in Kampala and other parts of the country.[10] Citing a defector from ADF, "allAfrica" reported that some 10 new recruits joined ADF forces every day.[10]

In July 2013, the ADF renewed its fighting in the Congolese district of Beni. According to the UN Radio Okapi, the ADF together with the NALU, fought a pitched battle with the FARD, briefly taking the towns of Mamundioma and Totolito.[17] On July 11, the ADF attacked the town of Kamango, triggering the flight of over 60,000 refugees across the border into the Ugandan district of Bundibugyo.[18]

Early in September 2013, regional leaders under the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) asked the recently formed combative Intervention Brigade under MONUSCO to attack positions of foreign negative forces operating in DRC, including the ADF.[19]

On 23 September 2013, 3 people were killed during an ADF attack in the Watalinga Sector, North Kivu, DRC.[19]

On 27 September 2013, ADF militants killed 5 and abducted 30 people, after an attack on a health center in the city of Maleki, DRC.[20]

In the period between November 2012 and November 2013, ADF carried out 300 kidnappings.[21]

On 14 December 2013, 13 people were killed, in the aftermath of an ADF attack on the Musuku village, Uganda.[22]

On 15 December 2013, ADF killed 8 people in the Biangolo village, Uganda.[22]

On 25 December 2013, ADF rebels attacked the city of Kamango,DRC.In the aftermath of the attack, over 50 civilians were killed and many buildings were burnt down.The city was retaken by the Congolese army the following day.[2]

On 29 December 2013, ADF rebels launched another attack on the city of Kamango.The ADF militants beheaded 21 civilian and urged the residents of the city to flee to Uganda.[2]

2014[]

On 17 January 2014, the Congolese army drove ADF militants soldiers out of the city of Beni, with the aid of UN’s “Intervention Brigade” peace corps.[2]

Between 5–8 October 2014, ADF militants killed 15 people, within the North Kivu province, DRC.[23]

On 15 October 2014, ADF rebels killed 27 people in an attack on villages, located outside Beni.[23]

On 18 October 2014, ADF insurgents killed over 20 people, in an attack on the village of Byalos, DRC.[23]

On 31 October 2014, a crowd stoned to death, burned and then ate a suspected ADF insurgent in the town of Beni.The incident came after a number of ADF raids, that brought the October's civilian death toll to over 100 people.[24]

On 20 November 2014, rebels disguised as Congolese soldiers killed between 50 and 80 people near Beni.[25]

References[]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Security Crisis As Uganda Faces ADF Insurgency". 18 March 2012. http://chimpreports.com/4145-intelligence-security-crisis-as-uganda-faces-adf-insurgency/. Retrieved 15 October 2014. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "ADF Forces Take Charge in Eastern DRC". 28 March 2014. http://katsafrica.wordpress.com/2014/03/28/allied-democratic-forces-take-charge-in-eastern-drc-why-this-why-now/. Retrieved 9 October 2014. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Wikileaks Cable: Government Demands Action Against Ugandan Rebels In Congo". Embassy Kampala (Uganda): Wikileaks. 2007-04-03. http://www.cablegatesearch.net/cable.php?id=07KAMPALA577. Retrieved 2013-02-18. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "ADF-NALU's Lost Rebellion". 19 December 2012. http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/africa/central-africa/dr-congo/b093-eastern-congo-the-adf-nalus-lost-rebellion-english.pdf. Retrieved 18 October 2014. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 "Allied Democratic Forces". http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/adf.htm. Retrieved 15 October 2014. 
  6. "Army denies death of ADF commander". 29 July 2010. http://www.arlpi.org/july-29-2010-army-denies-death-of-adf-commander. Retrieved 16 October 2014. 
  7. 7.0 7.1 "Congo army attacks Ugandan Islamist rebels in lawless east". 17 January 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/01/17/us-congo-democratic-rebels-idUSBREA0G0TF20140117. Retrieved 15 October 2014. 
  8. "Uganda's heart of darkness". 24 December 2013. http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2013/12/uganda-heart-darkness-2013121781321510330.html. Retrieved 16 October 2014. 
  9. "UGANDA: IRIN Special Report on the ADF rebellion". 8 December 1999. http://www.irinnews.org/report/11082/uganda-irin-special-report-on-the-adf-rebellion. Retrieved 15 October 2014. 
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 Candia, Steven (2013-04-11). "Uganda: Allied Democratic Forces Recruiting in Kampala, Says Defector (Page 1 of 2)". allAfrica.com. http://allafrica.com/stories/201304111226.html. Retrieved 2014-05-19. 
  11. "Mpondwe struggles to recover after insurgency". 20 February 2010. http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/864904/-/wikbk0/-/index.html. Retrieved 16 October 2014. 
  12. "Zairean Troops Attack Uganda". 14 November 1996. http://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/zairean-troops-attack-uganda. Retrieved 16 October 2014. 
  13. "Wikileaks Cable: Uganda: Adf Clash With Updf Near Tourist Lodge". Embassy Kampala (Uganda): Wikileaks. 2007-04-17. http://www.cablegatesearch.net/cable.php?id=07KAMPALA637. Retrieved 2013-02-18. 
  14. "Wikileaks Cable: Nugandan Government Negotiations With Allied Democratic Forces". Embassy Kampala (Uganda): Wikileaks. 2008-05-16. http://www.cablegatesearch.net/cable.php?id=08KAMPALA660. Retrieved 2013-02-18. 
  15. "Wikileaks Cable: Uganda: 2009 Country Reports On Terrorism". Embassy Kampala (Uganda): Wikileaks. 2009-12-21. http://www.cablegatesearch.net/cable.php?id=09KAMPALA1436. Retrieved 2013-02-18. 
  16. "Wikileaks Cable: Uganda: Dagne Staffdel Meetings With Mfa And Defense Ministry". Embassy Kampala (Uganda): Wikileaks. 2009-11-17. http://www.cablegatesearch.net/cable.php?id=09KAMPALA1322. Retrieved 2013-02-18. 
  17. Kambale, Juakali (2 July 2013). "16 killed in clash between DRC army and Ugandan militias". http://www.africareview.com/News/DRC-soldiers-clash-with-Ugandan-militias/-/979180/1902244/-/y5c0n3/-/index.html. Retrieved 15 July 2013. 
  18. "Rebels Drive More Than 60,000 From Congo to Uganda". 14 July 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/15/world/africa/rebels-drive-more-than-60000-from-congo-to-uganda.html?_r=0. Retrieved 15 July 2013. 
  19. 19.0 19.1 newvision (2013-09-26). "ADF kill three in DR Congo". Newvision.co.ug. http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/647649-adf-kill-three-in-dr-congo.html. Retrieved 2014-05-19. 
  20. "5 Dead In ADF Raid On DRC Health Facility". 1 October 2013. http://www.redpepper.co.ug/5-dead-in-adf-raid-on-drc-health-facility/. Retrieved 16 October 2014. 
  21. "U.N. task force looking into one of next Congo targets: Islamist ADF". Reuters. 22 November 2013. http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/11/22/us-congo-democratic-adf-idUSBRE9AL16920131122. Retrieved 18 October 2014. 
  22. 22.0 22.1 "ADF Kills 20, Most Victims Women And Girls". 16 December 2013. http://www.redpepper.co.ug/adf-kills-20-most-victims-women-and-girls/. Retrieved 16 October 2014. 
  23. 23.0 23.1 23.2 "Rebels kill more than 20 people in east Congo village". 18 October 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/18/us-congodemocratic-killings-idUSKCN0I705D20141018?feedType=RSS&feedName=topNews. Retrieved 18 October 2014. 
  24. "Congo crowd kills man, eats him after militant massacres: witnesses". 31 October 2014. http://news.yahoo.com/congo-crowd-kills-man-eats-him-militant-massacres-160235263.html. Retrieved 31 October 2014. 
  25. "Up to 80 people killed by suspected Ugandan rebels in Congo: group". Reuters. 21 November 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/21/us-congodemocratic-killings-idUSKCN0J51VN20141121. 
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