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| − | [[File:021 1941 - Changing of guard at King Faoud's Palace, Cairo, Egypt (by Tom Beazley).jpg|thumb|The |
+ | [[File:021 1941 - Changing of guard at King Faoud's Palace, Cairo, Egypt (by Tom Beazley).jpg|thumb|The Abdeen Palace in Cairo, pictured in 1941]] |
| − | The '''Abdeen Palace incident''' was a military confrontation that took place on 4 February 1942 at |
+ | The '''Abdeen Palace incident''' was a military confrontation that took place on 4 February 1942 at Abdeen Palace in Cairo, and almost resulted in the forced abdication of [[Farouk of Egypt|King Farouk I]]. It is considered a landmark in the [[history of Egypt]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a762955619~db=all~order=page |title=Lampson's ultimatum to Faruq, 4 February 1942 |publisher=Informaworld.com |date=1970-01-01 |accessdate=2012-10-11}}</ref> |
Following a ministerial crisis in February 1942, the British government, through its [[List of Ambassadors from the United Kingdom to Egypt|ambassador in Egypt]], Sir [[Miles Lampson, 1st Baron Killearn|Miles Lampson]], pressed Farouk to have a [[Wafd Party|Wafd]] or Wafd-coalition government replace [[Hussein Sirri Pasha|Hussein Sirri Pasha's]] government. This reversal of long-standing opposition to the Wafd came from the British belief that the Wafd, still the most popular of the Egyptian political parties, would be more effective in gaining public support in Egypt for the British [[war effort]] than any of the other parties. It was also hoped that a Wafd government would weaken the influence of the pro-[[Axis powers|Axis]] elements around King Farouk. Lampson eventually decided to force this choice on Farouk by insisting that he abdicate unless he agreed to ask the Wafd leader, [[Mustafa el-Nahhas]], to form a government. Lampson sought and finally gained the support of [[Oliver Lyttleton]] in the British cabinet to apply pressure on the Egyptian King. |
Following a ministerial crisis in February 1942, the British government, through its [[List of Ambassadors from the United Kingdom to Egypt|ambassador in Egypt]], Sir [[Miles Lampson, 1st Baron Killearn|Miles Lampson]], pressed Farouk to have a [[Wafd Party|Wafd]] or Wafd-coalition government replace [[Hussein Sirri Pasha|Hussein Sirri Pasha's]] government. This reversal of long-standing opposition to the Wafd came from the British belief that the Wafd, still the most popular of the Egyptian political parties, would be more effective in gaining public support in Egypt for the British [[war effort]] than any of the other parties. It was also hoped that a Wafd government would weaken the influence of the pro-[[Axis powers|Axis]] elements around King Farouk. Lampson eventually decided to force this choice on Farouk by insisting that he abdicate unless he agreed to ask the Wafd leader, [[Mustafa el-Nahhas]], to form a government. Lampson sought and finally gained the support of [[Oliver Lyttleton]] in the British cabinet to apply pressure on the Egyptian King. |
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| − | On the night of 4 February 1942, General [[Robert Stone (British Army officer)|Robert Stone]] surrounded |
+ | On the night of 4 February 1942, General [[Robert Stone (British Army officer)|Robert Stone]] surrounded Abdeen Palace in Cairo with troops and tanks, and Lampson presented Farouk with an abdication decree drafted by Sir [[Walter Monckton]]. Farouk capitulated, and Nahhas formed a government shortly thereafter. However, the humiliation meted out to Farouk and the actions of the Wafd in cooperating with the British and taking power, lost support for both the British and the Wafd among both civilians and, more importantly, the [[Military of Egypt|Egyptian military]]. In his memoirs, [[Muhammad Naguib]], one of the two leaders of the [[Egyptian Revolution of 1952]], and Egypt's first President, cited the incident as a major factor in the rise of revolutionary, anti-monarchical sentiment in the country that contributed to the Revolution 10 years later. |
==See also== |
==See also== |
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| url = http://www.awm.gov.au/cms_images/histories/19/chapters/11.pdf}} |
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[[Category:1942 in Egypt]] |
[[Category:1942 in Egypt]] |
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[[Category:Military history of Cairo]] |
[[Category:Military history of Cairo]] |
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[[Category:1942 in politics]] |
[[Category:1942 in politics]] |
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[[Category:February 1942 events]] |
[[Category:February 1942 events]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:16, 24 October 2019
.jpg){kind=link}
The Abdeen Palace in Cairo, pictured in 1941
The Abdeen Palace incident was a military confrontation that took place on 4 February 1942 at Abdeen Palace in Cairo, and almost resulted in the forced abdication of King Farouk I. It is considered a landmark in the history of Egypt.[1]
Following a ministerial crisis in February 1942, the British government, through its ambassador in Egypt, Sir Miles Lampson, pressed Farouk to have a Wafd or Wafd-coalition government replace Hussein Sirri Pasha's government. This reversal of long-standing opposition to the Wafd came from the British belief that the Wafd, still the most popular of the Egyptian political parties, would be more effective in gaining public support in Egypt for the British war effort than any of the other parties. It was also hoped that a Wafd government would weaken the influence of the pro-Axis elements around King Farouk. Lampson eventually decided to force this choice on Farouk by insisting that he abdicate unless he agreed to ask the Wafd leader, Mustafa el-Nahhas, to form a government. Lampson sought and finally gained the support of Oliver Lyttleton in the British cabinet to apply pressure on the Egyptian King.
On the night of 4 February 1942, General Robert Stone surrounded Abdeen Palace in Cairo with troops and tanks, and Lampson presented Farouk with an abdication decree drafted by Sir Walter Monckton. Farouk capitulated, and Nahhas formed a government shortly thereafter. However, the humiliation meted out to Farouk and the actions of the Wafd in cooperating with the British and taking power, lost support for both the British and the Wafd among both civilians and, more importantly, the Egyptian military. In his memoirs, Muhammad Naguib, one of the two leaders of the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, and Egypt's first President, cited the incident as a major factor in the rise of revolutionary, anti-monarchical sentiment in the country that contributed to the Revolution 10 years later.
See also
References
- ↑ "Lampson's ultimatum to Faruq, 4 February 1942". Informaworld.com. 1970-01-01. http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a762955619~db=all~order=page. Retrieved 2012-10-11.
External links
- Gabriel Warburg (January 1975). "Lampson's ultimatum to Faruq, 4 February 1942". London: Cass Taylor & Francis. pp. 24–32. Digital object identifier:10.1080/00263207508700285. ISSN 1743-7881. OCLC 237511833. http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a762955619~db=all~order=page. Retrieved 2008-08-24.
- Charles D. Smith (November 1979). "4 February 1942: Its Causes and Its Influence on Egyptian Politics and on the Future of Anglo-Egyptian Relations, 1937-1945". Cambridge University Press. pp. 453–479. Digital object identifier:10.1017/s0020743800051291. ISSN 0020-7438. JSTOR 162213. OCLC 1226911.
- Barton Maughan. Official Histories – Second World War: Volume III – Tobruk and El Alamein. http://www.awm.gov.au/cms_images/histories/19/chapters/11.pdf.
The original article can be found at Abdeen Palace incident of 1942 and the edit history here.