| 359th Infantry Regiment | |
|---|---|
 Distinctive Unit Insignia of the 359th Infantry Regiment | |
| Active |
1917–1918 1921-1945 1947-present |
| Country | United States |
| Branch |
|
| Type | Infantry |
| Motto(s) | Carry On |
| Engagements |
World War I World War II Global War on Terrorism |
The 359th Infantry Regiment is a unit of the United States Army. It was active in Europe as part of the 90th Infantry Division during World War I and World War II, and components of the regiment were later part of the United States Army Reserve.
History[]
World War I[]
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Doughboys of Company M, 359th Infantry, 90th Division, going in on the Argonne sector, Dombasle-en-Argonne, Meuse, France, October 22, 1918.
The 359th Infantry Regiment was constituted for World War I at Camp Travis, Texas[lower-alpha 1] on August 5, 1917 as a unit of the National Army.[2] It was organized in September and assigned to the 180th Infantry Brigade, a unit of the 90th Division.[3] After completing individual and collective training, the regiment served in France during the war, including duty in the Villers-en-Haye, Battle of Saint-Mihiel, duty in the Puvenelle Sector of Lorraine, and the Meuse–Argonne offensive.[3] The regiment remained in Europe for post-war occupation duty following the Armistice of November 11, 1918 and was demobilized at Camp Bowie, Texas on June 24, 1919.[2]
Post-World War I[]
On June 24, 1921, the regiment was reconstituted in the Organized Reserves with headquarters in Dallas and assigned to the 90th Infantry Division.[2] On March 25, 1942, the 359th was called to active service for participation in World War II and was organized and trained at Camp Barkeley, Texas.[2]
World War II[]
During World War II, the 359th Infantry served in Europe as part of the 90th Infantry Division.[2] It took part in several campaigns, including Normandy, Northern France, Rhineland, Ardennes Alsace, and Central Europe.[2] The 359th Infantry Regiment returned to the United States at the end of the war and was inactivated at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey on December 26, 1945.[2]
Post-World War II[]
The 359th Infantry was reactivated on March 24, 1947 as a unit of the Organized Reserve Corps (ORC).[2] Its headquarters was again located in Dallas.[2] In 1952, the ORC was redesignated the United States Army Reserve.[2] On April 1, 1959, the regiment was reorganized as a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System to consist of 1st Battle Group, a subordinate unit of the 90th Infantry Division.[2]
A reorganization on March 15, 1963 resulted in the 359th Infantry consisting of two battalions, the 1st and 2nd, which remained part of the 90th Infantry Division.[2] 1st and 2d Battalions were inactivated on December 31, 1965 and relieved from assignment to the 90th Infantry Division.[2]
On October 17, 1999, the regiment was reorganized as 1st Battalion, 359th Regiment.[2] 1st Battalion was then allocated to the Army Reserve's 91st Division (Training Support).[2]
Global War on Terrorism[]
1st Battalion, 359th Regiment was subsequently reallocated from the Army Reserve to the Regular Army.[2] In 2014, the battalion was commended for its contributions to the Global War on Terrorism between June 2004 and January 2005.[2]
Distinctive Unit Insignia[]
Coat of Arms of the 359th Infantry Regiment
The 359th Infantry Regiment's distinctive unit insignia (DUI) depicts an oak tree between two fleur-de-lis on a blue field.[4] Blue signifies the Infantry branch.[4] The oak tree signifies the Forest of Argonne and the regiment's participation in the Meuse–Argonne offensive.[4] The fleur-de-lis represent the regiment's participation in the Battle of Saint-Mihiel and battles that took place in Lorraine.[4] The DUI also incorporates the regiment's motto, "Carry On".[4] The regiment's coat of arms incorporates the oak tree and fleur-de-lis.[4]
Campaign participation credit[]
The 359th Infantry Regiment's campaign participation credit includes:[2]
World War I[]
- St. Mihiel
- Meuse-Argonne
- Lorraine 1918
World War II[]
- Normandy (with arrowhead)
- Northern France
- Rhineland
- Ardennes Alsace
- Central Europe
Decorations[]
Decorations to which the 359th Infantry Regiment is entitled include:[2][4][5]
World War II[]
- French Croix de Guerre with Palm for MOSELLE-SARRE RIVERS
- Presidential Unit Citation (Army) for PRETOT, FRANCE (1st Battalion)
- Presidential Unit Citation (Army) for NORTHERN FRANCE (1st Battalion)
- Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) (regimental headquarters, headquarters companies of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Battalions, Service Company, Medical Detachment)
Global War on Terrorism[]
Army Superior Unit Award (1st Battalion)
Notable members[]
- John D. Hawk, World War II recipient of the Medal of Honor[6]
- Forrest E. Everhart, World War II recipient of the Medal of Honor[7]
- Bud Moore, World War II machine gunner in Company D, NASCAR car owner who operated Bud Moore Engineering.[8]
- Samuel Tankersley Williams, commanded Company I, 3rd Battalion during World War I.[9] Subsequently attained the rank of lieutenant general as commander of Military Assistance and Advisory Group, Vietnam.[10]
Notes[]
- ↑ Camp Travis was five miles northeast of downtown San Antonio and adjacent to the northeastern boundary of Fort Sam Houston.[1] It was absorbed by Fort Sam Houston in 1922.[1]
References[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 White, Lonnie J. (October 20, 2020). "Camp Travis". Austin, TX: Texas State Historical Association. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/camp-travis.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 Director, U.S. Army Center of Military History (September 25, 2002). "359th Regiment Lineage and Honors". Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/regt/0359rgt.htm.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 United States Secretary of War (1920). Battle Participation Credit of Organizations of the American Expeditionary Forces In France, Belgium, and Italy, 1917–1918. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 36–37. https://books.google.com/books?id=8krCJspoJEkC&pg=PA36.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Chief of Military History, United States Army (1953). The Army Lineage Book. II: Infantry. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 698–699. https://books.google.com/books?id=YF3fAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA699.
- ↑ United States Secretary of the Army (August 22, 2014). "Headquarters, Department of the Army: General Orders No. 2014–59". Washington, DC: Department of the Army. p. 1. https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/go1459.pdf.
- ↑ McChord Air Force Base Composite Squadron (2013). "Medal of Honor recipient John "Bud" Hawk, DCM speaks with McChord cadets". Civil Air Patrol. McChord Air Force Base, WA. http://www.mcchord.org/JohnHawkVisit.html.
- ↑ Tribe, Henry Franklin (July 5, 2017). "Everhart, Forrest Eugene, Sr. (1922–1986)". Austin, TX: Texas State Historical Association. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/everhart-forrest-eugene-sr.
- ↑ "Veteran of the Day: Bud Moore". Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. November 28, 2017. https://blogs.va.gov/VAntage/43424/veteranoftheday-bud-moore/.
- ↑ Myer, Harold J. "Jack" (1990). Hanging Sam: A Military Biography of General Samuel T. Williams. Denton, TX: University of North Texas Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-9293-9812-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=116mSMK9rEIC&pg=PA33.
- ↑ Franklin, Mark (2012). "Military Assistance Advisory Group, Indochina is Re-Designated MAAG, Vietnam: November 1, 1955". Washington, DC: Vietnam War Commemoration. https://www.vietnamwar50th.com/1945-1964_the_road_to_war/Military-Assistance-Advisory-Group-Indochina-is-Re-Designated-MAAG-Vietnam/.
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