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During the months leading up to independence of the Belgian Congo, soldiers of the 2nd Commando Battalion were positioned in [[Bas-Congo]]. To cover more territory, the [[4th Commando Battalion (Belgium)|4th Commando Battalion]] and [[6th Commando Battalion (Belgium)|6th Commando Battalion]] were created from officers of the unit and new recruits in order to control the key area around [[Kitona]] and [[Kamina]].<ref name=cdomuseum1 /> |
During the months leading up to independence of the Belgian Congo, soldiers of the 2nd Commando Battalion were positioned in [[Bas-Congo]]. To cover more territory, the [[4th Commando Battalion (Belgium)|4th Commando Battalion]] and [[6th Commando Battalion (Belgium)|6th Commando Battalion]] were created from officers of the unit and new recruits in order to control the key area around [[Kitona]] and [[Kamina]].<ref name=cdomuseum1 /> |
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| − | In 1959, 2nd Commando Battalion was moved to |
+ | In 1959, 2nd Commando Battalion was moved to Léopoldville to maintain order during the [[Congo Crisis#1959 Leopoldville and Stanleyville Riots|riots]]. |
In 1964, a company from 2nd Commando was included in [[Operation Dragon Rouge]] for the drop on [[Kisangani|Stanleyville]] to recover hostages. The company was mentioned in dispatches.<ref name=cdomuseum1 /> |
In 1964, a company from 2nd Commando was included in [[Operation Dragon Rouge]] for the drop on [[Kisangani|Stanleyville]] to recover hostages. The company was mentioned in dispatches.<ref name=cdomuseum1 /> |
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Revision as of 22:24, 23 August 2014
| Commando Regiment (1945-1955) 2nd Commando Battalion (1955-) | |
|---|---|
| Active | 1945- |
| Country |
 Belgium |
| Branch | Land Component |
| Type | Airborne light infantry |
| Role | Amphibious warfare |
| Part of | Paracommando Brigade |
| Garrison/HQ | Flawinne |
| Motto(s) | United We Conquer |
| Colors | Black and white.[1] |
| March | Marche des Commandos [2] |
| Engagements |
Belgian Congo Rwandan Genocide |
| Insignia | |
| Parachute Qualification Brevet |
 |
| Commando Qualification Brevet |
 |
The 2nd Commando Battalion (French) is a military formation of the Belgian Army and part of the Paracommando Regiment. Its regimental traditions, including the name "Commando" and the green beret, were adopted from the Belgian soldiers who served in No. 10 (Inter-Allied) Commando during the Second World War.
No. 10 Commando
The traditions of the 1st Commando Battalion were originally based on those of 4 Troop of 10 (Inter-allied) Commando during the Second World War, which fought in North Africa, Italy and Northern Europe. It is particularly notable for its role during Operation Infatuate: the invasion of the Dutch island of Walcheren in 1944. All Belgian soldiers in 4 Troop were trilingual (French-Dutch-English).[1]
The badge of the new unit was designed by Padre Devos, based the British Commando Fairbairn-Sykes dagger.[1]
Major Operations
Belgian Congo
During the months leading up to independence of the Belgian Congo, soldiers of the 2nd Commando Battalion were positioned in Bas-Congo. To cover more territory, the 4th Commando Battalion and 6th Commando Battalion were created from officers of the unit and new recruits in order to control the key area around Kitona and Kamina.[1]
In 1959, 2nd Commando Battalion was moved to Léopoldville to maintain order during the riots.
In 1964, a company from 2nd Commando was included in Operation Dragon Rouge for the drop on Stanleyville to recover hostages. The company was mentioned in dispatches.[1]
Rwandan Genocide
Site of the massacre in Kigali, Rwanda.
In March 1994, the 2nd Commando Battalion (with elements from the 3rd Parachute Battalion) took over from the 1st Parachute Battalion in the United Nations UNAMIR mission in Rwanda.
On April 6, 1994, following the assassination of the Rwandan president, the RTLM radio station accused the Belgian peacekeepers of having shot down–or of helping to shoot down – the president's plane. The 10 Belgian soldiers which had been assigned to protect the president, as well as five Ghanaians, were captured by an overwhelming number of Rwandan soldiers, and brutally tortured,[3] before being executed. The Belgian contingent was deliberately targeted in this way in order to provoke the Belgian contingent to withdraw from UNAMIR (which it did several days later), critically weakening the remaining UN force.
Memorial for the dead Belgian UNAMIR personnel in Kigali, Rwanda.
The names of the peacekeepers who died were:[1]
- Lt. Thierry Lottin
- 1Sgt. Yannick Leroy
- Cpl. Bruno Bassinne
- Cpl. Stephane Lhoir
- Cpl. Bruno Meaux
- Cpl. Louis Plescia
- Cpl. Christophe Renwa
- Cpl. Marc Uyttebroek
- Cpl. Christophe Dupont
- Cpl. Alain Debatty
The murder of the 10 soldiers was the biggest single loss of Belgian personnel since the Second World War and provoked outrage in Belgium. On April 19, all Belgian personnel were evacuated from the country.[1]
The murder was subject of an investigation, under the title of "Qui a tué nos paras?" ("Who killed our paras?").[4] The withdrawal and fatal weakening of the UN force was viewed as a catastrophy in Belgian military circles: Gaston Francsson, a decorated Belgian veteran of the Korean War returned the UN medals he had won to the United Nations in protest at the decision.[5] A Rwandan Major, Bernard Ntuyahaga, was later arrested and convicted of the killings.
Composition
The battalion was bilingual (French-Dutch) from its creation until 1982, but is now Francophone only.[1]
Standard
In a ceremony on 26 October 1946 in Brussels, Prince Charles awarded the unit's standard to lieutenant-colonel Danloy, carrying the following citations inherited from 4 (Belgian) Troop of No. 10 (Inter-allied) Commando during World War II:
- Italy
- Yugoslavia
- Walcheren
The standard also carried the fourragère of the Belgian croix de guerre.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "2nd Cdo Battalion". www.cdomuseum.be. http://www.cdomuseum.be/ANGLAIS/09_uk.htm. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
- ↑ "March des Commandos Belges". www.youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGCKeoa3pHM. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
- ↑ *Peterson, Scot. Me Against My Brother: At War in Somalia, Sudan, and Rwanda: A Journalist Reports from the Battlefields of Africa. New York and London: Routledge, 2000. 292. ISBN 0-415-92198-8; Archive for the 'Rwanda' Category — Never Forget! The 13th Anniversary of The Rwandan Genocides, Friday, April 6, 2007
- ↑ (French) "Qui a tué nos paras ? Les enjeux d'un procès". destexhe.blogs.com. http://destexhe.blogs.com/blog2007/2007/04/qui_a_tu_nos_pa.html. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
- ↑ Korea: the Belgian Legacy. Center for didactic productions of the army.
External links
- (French)"2 Bataillon de Commandos". www.mil.be. http://www.mil.be/armycomp/units/index.asp?LAN=fr&FILE=&ID=547&MENU=0&PAGE=1. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
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The original article can be found at 2nd Commando Battalion (Belgium) and the edit history here.