12th Cuirassier Regiment (France)

12e Régiment de Cuirassiers
	The Regiment's standard, with its battle honours
Active	1668-1815 ; 1854-1928 ; 1940-1942 ; 1943-1994 ; 2009-
Country	France
Branch	French Army
Type	Cavalry
Size	940 personnel
Part of	2nd Armoured Brigade
Garrison/HQ	Quartier Valmy, Olivet
Motto(s)	In periculo ludunt (Amidst danger, they play)

The 12th Cuirassier Regiment (French) is an armoured cavalry (tank) regiment of the French Army. It provides the armoured component of the 2nd Armoured Brigade.^[1] Currently stationed at Quartier Valmy, Olivet, France.^[1]

History[]

First formed in 1688 under the Ancien Régime. It distinguished itself in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, notably at the battles of Austerlitz (1805), Jena (1806) and Borodino (1812). Their symbol is a white dolphin on a blue shield. The writer Louis-Ferdinand Céline volunteered for this regiment in 1912.

First World War[]

Garnison de Départ : Rambouillet. Turned into the 12e régiment de cuirassiers à pied

1918-1939[]

Became the 12e Régiment de cuirassiers again in 1919. It was disbanded in 1928.

Second World War[]

January 1940 : Régiment de Découverte (Discovery Regiment) in the 3e division légère mécanique (3rd Mechanised Light Division), equipped with Panhard P178 armoured cars and Gnome et Rhône motorcycles
Summer 1940 : Regiment preserved within the framework of the Armée d'Armistice, as a garrison force at Orange
1942 : Armée d'Armistice dissolved
1943 : Regiment reconstituted as the Régiment de Chars (Tank Regiment) in North Africa, by the splitting of the 12e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique (12th Regiment of Chasseurs of Africa), and added to the 2e Division Blindée (2nd Armoured Division).

Recent[]

After having been a garrison force at Müllheim in Germany for a long time in the post-1945 period, it was amalgamated in 1994 with the 6th Cuirassier Regiment to form the 6th-12th Cuirassier Regiment, based at Olivet in Loiret.

In 2009 the two units were delinked and the 6th Cuirassiers deactivated; the 12th Cuirassiers was re-established as an individual unit.

Organization[]

The regiment is composed of around 940 personnel organization into 10 squadrons.^[1]

Escadron d'Administration et de Soutien (EAS) - Administration and Support Squadron
Escadron de Commandement et de Logistique (ECL) - Command and Logistics Squadron
1e Esq - 1st Squadron
2e Esq - 2nd Squadron
3e Esq - 3rd Squadron
4e Esq - 4th Squadron
Escadron d'éclairage et d'investigation de la 2e Brigade blindée (EEI) - Brigade Reconnaissance Squadron
Escadron de Maintenance Régimentaire (EMR) - Regimental Maintenance Squadron
5e Escadron de réserve - 5th Reserve Squadron
6e Escadron de réserve - 6th Reserve Squadron

Lineage[]

1668 : Raised as a regiment under the name of the Régiment Dauphin - Cavalerie or, in English, Dauphin's Regiment (Cavalry).
1791 : Became 12e régiment de cavalerie
1803 : Became 12e Régiment de Cuirassiers
1815 : Dissolved at Niort
1854 : Became Régiment de Cuirassiers de la Garde Impériale
1855 : Became 1er régiment de cuirassiers de la Garde Impériale (1st Regiment of Cuirassiers of the Imperial Guard) after the creation of a second regiment of Imperial Guard cuirassiers
1865 : Merged with the 2e régiment de cuirassiers de la Garde impériale (2nd Cuirassiers Regiment of the Imperial Guard) to form the new Régiment de Cuirassiers de la Garde Impériale (Regiment of Cuirassiers of the Imperial Guard)
1871 : Became the 12eme Régiment de Cuirassiers again after the fall of the Second French Empire
August 1914 : The 12eme Régiment de Cuirassiers was assigned to the 6e brigade de Cavalerie (6th Cavalry Brigade), which was itself attached to the 7e division de cavalerie (7th Cavalry Division).
January 1918: Became 12eme Régiment de Cuirassiers à Pied and was reattached to the 2e division de cavalerie à pied (2nd Cavalry Division on foot)

Commanding Officers[]

1791 : Charles Michel de Lanay de Vallerie - colonel
1792 : Francois Durand Tauzia de la Litterie - colonel
1793 : Vrigny - chef de brigade.
1793 : Jean-Baptiste Colart - chef de brigade.
1795 : Jean Verreaux - chef de brigade.
1 May 1796 : Jacques Renard Belfort - chef de brigade then colonel in 1803 (*)
27 December 1805 : Joseph Dornes - colonel (*)
1809 : Jean-Louis Matheron de Curnieu - colonel
1813 : Michel Jean Paul Daudies - colonel
1815 : Charles Nicolas Thurot - colonel

*These officers became generals de brigade after this.

Battle honours, garrisons, campaigns, events[]

French Revolutionary Wars[]

As part of the Army of the Rhine from 1792 to 1800:

1793 : Stromberg, Alzey, Brumpt, Haguenau, and Gambsheim
1794 : Rebutte, Spire and Schweigenheim
1795 : Frankenthal
1796 : Mindelheim, Friedberg, Ulm, battle of Biberach, fought at Müllheim
1797 : Crossing of the Rhine
1799 : Siege of Philippsburg
1800 : Battles of Engen, Moeskirch and Hohenlinden

Napoleonic Wars[]

1805 : Wertingen, Elchingen, Hollabrunn, and battle of Austerlitz (*)
1806 : Battle of Jena (*)
1807 : Heilsberg and battle of Friedland
1809 : Eckmühl, Ratisbonne, Essling, and battle of Wagram
1812 : Mohilev, battle of Borodino (*), and Winkowo
1813 : Bautzen, Reichenbach, Jauer, Dresde, Wachau, and Leipzig
1814 : La Rothière, Rosnay, Champaubert, Vauchamps, Valjouan, Athies, Reims, Fere-Champenoise, and Paris
1815 : Ligny and Waterloo (within 2e brigade, called the brigade Travers, in the 13e division de cavalerie, called the division Wathier, in the IVe corps de cavalerie under général de division comte Édouard Jean Baptiste Milhaud, of the army reserve)

(*) Battle honour on this regiment's flag

Colonels killed and wounded in command of the 12e Cuirassiers:

Colonel de Curnier : wounded 231 November 1812

Officers killed and wounded whilst serving in the 12e Cuirassiers during the 1805-1815 period:

Officers killed : 25
Officers died of wounds: 9
Officers wounded : 57

Battle honours[]

Austerlitz 1805
Iena 1806
La Moskova 1812
Solferino 1859
L'Yser 1914
L'Avre 1918
St Mihiel 1918
Paris 1944
Strasbourg 1944

Decorations[]

Fourragère Croix de guerre 1914–1918
Fourragère Croix de guerre 1939–1945
Gold Medal from the town of Milan 1859–1909
Presidential Unit Citation (American decoration). (1945)

Quotations about the regiment[]

1776 : Charles Juste de Beauvau, Prince de Beauvau:

"This regiment, long known as one of the best trained cavalry regiments, entirely merits the reputation it has gained in that sphere." ("Ce régiment, qui depuis longtemps passe pour l'un des mieux exercés de la cavalerie, mérite toute la réputation qu'il s'est acquise dans ce genre.")

1918 : General Marie-Eugène Debeney:

"A regiment of the highest morale and proudly held under fire." ("Régiment d'un moral très élevé et d'une superbe tenue au feu.")

1940 : General Maxime Weygand:

"Thanks to an elite personnel and despite heavy losses, it knew how to preserve a high morale and a magnificent aggressive fervor" ("Grâce à un personnel d'élite et malgré de lourdes pertes, a su conserver un moral élevé et une ardeur combative magnifique.")

1945 : General Charles de Gaulle:

"A tank regiment impregnated with the purest traditions of the cavalry, that distinguished itself by the rapidity and audacity of its actions" ("Régiment de chars imprégné des plus pures traditions de la cavalerie, qui s'est distingué par la rapidité et l'audace de ses actions.")

Notes[]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 "12e régiment de cuirassiers". Armée de Terre. http://www.defense.gouv.fr/terre/presentation/organisation-des-forces/arme-blindee-cavalerie/12e-regiment-de-cuirassiers. Retrieved 20 January 2012.

References[]

All or a portion of this article consists of text from Wikipedia, and is therefore Creative Commons Licensed under GFDL.
The original article can be found at 12th Cuirassier Regiment (France) and the edit history here.

[12cuirs-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 "12e régiment de cuirassiers". Armée de Terre. http://www.defense.gouv.fr/terre/presentation/organisation-des-forces/arme-blindee-cavalerie/12e-regiment-de-cuirassiers. Retrieved 20 January 2012.

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